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Congenital hydrocephalus and lumbar meningomyelocele. Right parietal cortex. Swollen clear perivascular astrocytic end-foot (CAF) showing a degenerated mitochondrion (M) with a high electron dense matrix and few swollen clear cristae (arrowheads). The capillary lumen (C), the endothelial cell (EC) and the basement membrane (BM) are also distinguished. X 60.000.

Congenital hydrocephalus and lumbar meningomyelocele. Right parietal cortex. Swollen clear perivascular astrocytic end-foot (CAF) showing a degenerated mitochondrion (M) with a high electron dense matrix and few swollen clear cristae (arrowheads). The capillary lumen (C), the endothelial cell (EC) and the basement membrane (BM) are also distinguished. X 60.000.

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The present review describes the pathology of mitochondria in numerous central nervous diseases. Three injured mitochondrial morphological patterns are found in the human edematous cerebral cortex of patients with complicated brain trauma associated with subdural hematomas or hygroma, brain tumors, vascular anomalies, and congenital hydrocephalus....

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Context 1
... astrocytic end-feet display also SCM, SDM, and DDM. In severe edema associated to brain trauma and tumors, isolated astrocytic processes surrounded by proteinaceous edema fluid are observed showing SCM, SDM, and DDM [57]. Dense degenerated mitochondria are observed in congenital hydrocephalus at the level of perivascular astrocytic end-feet ( Fig. 9). Al the level of open or collapsed capillaries, SCM and SDM are seen with intact cristae and continuous inner and outer mitochondrial membrane (Fig 11), mainly localized at the organelle zone of endothelial cells. DDM are also found in collapsed capillaries with signs of increased transendothelial transport. Hyperglicemia during ...
Context 2
... astrocytic end-feet display also SCM, SDM, and DDM. In severe edema associated to brain trauma and tumors, isolated astrocytic processes surrounded by proteinaceous edema fluid are observed showing SCM, SDM, and DDM [57]. Dense degenerated mitochondria are observed in congenital hydrocephalus at the level of perivascular astrocytic end-feet ( Fig. 9). Al the level of open or collapsed capillaries, SCM and SDM are seen with intact cristae and continuous inner and outer mitochondrial membrane (Fig 11), mainly localized at the organelle zone of endothelial cells. DDM are also found in collapsed capillaries with signs of increased transendothelial transport. Hyperglicemia during ...

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