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Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) biofilm grown on dentin discs after surface treatment (green and red staining represent live and dead bacterial cells, respectively). (A) Control, (B) biofilm formation and no surface treatment, (C) biofilm formation and treatment with acid etching, (D) biofilm formation and treatment with acid etching and chlorhexidine, (E) biofilm formation and treatment with pumice prophylaxis and acid etching, and (F) fluorescence intensity of the different experimental groups. The asterisk (*) indicates statistically significant differences between the groups (p < 0.05).
Source publication
Oral biofilms coat all surfaces in the oral cavity including the exposed dentin surface. This study aimed to investigate biofilm removal by acid etching procedures and the effects of the residual biofilm on dentin surfaces on composite–dentin adhesion. Dentin discs were assigned to five groups: no biofilm formation (C); biofilm formation and no sur...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... statistical analyses were conducted with GraphPad Prism (Version 8.3.0, GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA) Figure 1 shows the CLSM findings for the remaining biofilm on the dentin surface with different surface treatments. Acid etching (BF-E) caused some dead bacterial cells, and chlorhexidine treatment (BF-EC) increased the dead cells on the dentin surface. ...
Context 2
... the total fluorescence intensity, which indicated the biofilm volume, showed no significant difference among groups BF-E, BF-EC, and BF. Prophylaxis with pumice before the acid etching procedure (BF-RE) significantly decreased the biofilm volume on the dentin surface compared with the other groups (p < 0.05) ( Figure 1F). biofilm grown on dentin discs after surface treatment (green and red staining represent live and dead bacterial cells, respectively). ...
Context 3
... phosphoric acid etching can effectively remove the biofilm from the surface to which restorations will be bonded, clinicians will be able to obtain a clean and fresh surface predictably and quickly without additional treatment. Unfortunately, this study indicated that phosphoric acid etching either with or without chlorhexidine had effective bactericidal action, but both treatments were unable to completely remove alive and dead bacteria attached to the dentin surface (Figures 1 and 2). This deficiency resulted in significantly lower bond strengths compared with the biofilm-free control group (Figure 3). ...
Context 4
... deficiency resulted in significantly lower bond strengths compared with the biofilm-free control group (Figure 3). On the other hand, prophylaxis with a rubber cup and pumice removed the biofilm to a significant level, even though some bacterial cells were still partially covering the dentin surface and were entrapped in the dentinal tubules (Figures 1 and 2). Surface prophylaxis with a rubber cup and pumice before acid etching led to a significantly higher bond strength of the resin composite to the dentin than the rest of the test groups. ...
Context 5
... high concentrations, chlorhexidine penetrates the bacterial cell wall, leading to bacterial cytoplasm precipitation [36,37]. In fact, the bactericidal effect of chlorhexidine was evidenced by a prominent increase in the population of bacterial dead cells in the chlorhexidine-treated groups compared with the group that did not receive chlorhexidine treatment in this study ( Figure 1C,D). However, other than the antibacterial effect, chlorhexidine treatment appears to have little ability in removing contaminants, including smear debris and remnants of provisional cement, from the dentin surface [38,39]. ...
Citations
... In a previous study examining mechanical biofilm removal from the oral biofilm-coated dentin, the bond strength of the oral biofilm was 12e18 MPa. 25 This value is similar to that shown in the present study, i.e., 15 Mpa. ...
Background/purpose
Although several mechanical and chemical debridement techniques have been reported for the management of peri-implantitis, there is no consensus on the most effective method at present. This in vitro study aimed to examine the effects of different mechanical instrumentation techniques on the debridement of hard calcified materials, which are present on the implant surface, as well as the effect of the defect morphology.
Materials and methods
From a total of 15 implants, five each were assigned to one of three decontamination groups (Rotary titanium brush [Ti], tricalcium phosphate air powder abrasive treatment [Air], and titanium ultrasonic scaler [US] groups); the exposed hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated portion was divided into three 1-mm sections (coronal, middle, and apical). The residual-HA of each portion was measured using a digital microscope.
Results
The overall percentage of residual HA coating was significantly lower in the US group than in the Ti or Air groups (p < 0.01). The percentage of residual HA in the coronal portion was significantly lower in the Ti and US groups than in the Air group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The percentage of residual HA in the middle portion was significantly lower in the US group than in the Air group (p < 0.01). The percentage of residual HA in the apical portion was significantly lower in the Ti group than in the Air or US groups (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
Ti and US were more effective for shallow defects, whereas US was more effective for deeper defects.
