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Distributed energy generation is growing at an accelerated level in Brazil. This scenery induces to an economic imbalance on the distributors, requiring a new tariff model that captures those effects. For this aim, the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) purpose five alternatives tariff models to update the current Brazilian regulatory model (m...
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The peculiarities of the operation of distributed generation systems lead to a change in the requirements for the reliability and safety of the power distribution systems in which they are integrated. To meet the increased requirements, continuous monitoring of the insulation parameters is often used. In the case of a sudden touch, such a system is...
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... Therefore 1/Nth credence is assigned to each major index and to the combination of two minor indices so that the overall sum of total credence will be unity. Therefore the Multiple Indexed Performance Evaluation Function is given by In general, allocation of credence to relevant impact is a complicated task (Correia et al. 2020). Furthermore, the credence should be flexible and fare enough to cope up with ambiguous concerns of DNO's about loss minimization, voltage stability, load expansion, other associated economic issues, etc. (Correia et al. 2020;Bindeshwar Singh 2015;Ullah et al. 2019;Ghasemi et al. 2019;Graditi and Somma 2021;Kifle et al. 2018;Poornazaryan et al. 2016;Roche and Courtney 2020;Alotaibi and Salama 2018; Handbook of Distribute Generation 2017; Bawazir and Cetin 2020;Choi et al. 2018). ...
... Therefore the Multiple Indexed Performance Evaluation Function is given by In general, allocation of credence to relevant impact is a complicated task (Correia et al. 2020). Furthermore, the credence should be flexible and fare enough to cope up with ambiguous concerns of DNO's about loss minimization, voltage stability, load expansion, other associated economic issues, etc. (Correia et al. 2020;Bindeshwar Singh 2015;Ullah et al. 2019;Ghasemi et al. 2019;Graditi and Somma 2021;Kifle et al. 2018;Poornazaryan et al. 2016;Roche and Courtney 2020;Alotaibi and Salama 2018; Handbook of Distribute Generation 2017; Bawazir and Cetin 2020;Choi et al. 2018). The resiliency and fare allocation attained by the proposed MIPEF function presents it as an effective method to investigate the most beneficial optimal location at which DGs can be placed. ...
... In the distribution system, the DG cannot be installed on all buses. Some buses can be found as bad DG inputs as the inconsistent choice of location and DG size can lead to greater system loss or reduced power stabilization than outside the DG Correia et al. 2020)-DG. The inclusion of DG in Inapt areas puts negative impacts on the distribution system. ...
In recent years, the market of the brushless Permanent Magnet (PM) motors, such as Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) and Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDCM) drives, has become huge due to demand of the Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs). However, brushless PM drives are less robust compared to other types of motor drives due to the high acoustic noise, vibrations, and de-magnetization risk of the PM (Chan. Proc IEEE 95:704–718, 2007; Report, Implementing Agreement for Co-operation on Hybrid and Electric Vehicle Technologies and Programmed. International Energy Agency, 2016). These shortcomings pose important restrictions for critical applications. Initially, to run PMSM, Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) is implemented. But this technique generates current harmonics and high torque ripples, which ultimately leads to Acoustic Noise and Vibration (ANV) in PMSM drive. Hence, for analysis purpose, a framework based on lumped model along with effective mass and mass participation factor technique for prediction of torsional vibration in case of SPWM technique is elaborated to show detailed methodology for vibration response caused by high torque ripples. This framework is generalized in a way that can be easily extended to any mechanical power transmission system having shaft-coupler or geared system especially for EV and HEV application. Also, vibration prediction modelling is integrated with optimum number of modes or degree of freedom selection technique, which help to enhance the accuracy of model along with computationally efficient, which is the novelty of present work, which usually researchers took earlier randomly based on their setup and mass distribution without any specific technical justification. The vibration analysis reveals high torsional twisting and untwisting of shaft in case of SPWM, because of high source torque ripple. Henceforth, a Random Pulse Width Modulation (RPWM) technique for reduction of ANV is discussed in this chapter. The proposed RPWM method brings a significant reduction in torque ripples which directly influence ANV in the motor, thereby enhancing the performance of the complete drive system under operation. The relationships between the stator current harmonics feed by drive and non-sinusoidal magnetic field flux distribution, with torque ripples is developed and detailed analysis is discussed in this chapter. An extensive simulation and experimental work are carried out on a 1.07- kW, 4-poles, 36-slots, 3-phase PMSM drive for validation of proposed control strategy. In the end, experimental validation part is presented for all analytical modelling and simulation results presented in this chapter.
... Therefore 1/Nth credence is assigned to each major index and to the combination of two minor indices so that the overall sum of total credence will be unity. Therefore the Multiple Indexed Performance Evaluation Function is given by In general, allocation of credence to relevant impact is a complicated task (Correia et al. 2020). Furthermore, the credence should be flexible and fare enough to cope up with ambiguous concerns of DNO's about loss minimization, voltage stability, load expansion, other associated economic issues, etc. (Correia et al. 2020;Bindeshwar Singh 2015;Ullah et al. 2019;Ghasemi et al. 2019;Graditi and Somma 2021;Kifle et al. 2018;Poornazaryan et al. 2016;Roche and Courtney 2020;Alotaibi and Salama 2018; Handbook of Distribute Generation 2017; Bawazir and Cetin 2020;Choi et al. 2018). ...
... Therefore the Multiple Indexed Performance Evaluation Function is given by In general, allocation of credence to relevant impact is a complicated task (Correia et al. 2020). Furthermore, the credence should be flexible and fare enough to cope up with ambiguous concerns of DNO's about loss minimization, voltage stability, load expansion, other associated economic issues, etc. (Correia et al. 2020;Bindeshwar Singh 2015;Ullah et al. 2019;Ghasemi et al. 2019;Graditi and Somma 2021;Kifle et al. 2018;Poornazaryan et al. 2016;Roche and Courtney 2020;Alotaibi and Salama 2018; Handbook of Distribute Generation 2017; Bawazir and Cetin 2020;Choi et al. 2018). The resiliency and fare allocation attained by the proposed MIPEF function presents it as an effective method to investigate the most beneficial optimal location at which DGs can be placed. ...
... In the distribution system, the DG cannot be installed on all buses. Some buses can be found as bad DG inputs as the inconsistent choice of location and DG size can lead to greater system loss or reduced power stabilization than outside the DG Correia et al. 2020)-DG. The inclusion of DG in Inapt areas puts negative impacts on the distribution system. ...
Though the available models cannot produce the efficiency or power as Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT), the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) design in recent works was reviewed for its aesthetic value and efficiency. This review will be a useful guide to modify available design for any intended purpose or provide a futuristic design which can be efficient in power generation and be an ornamental device. Besides these, the overview of recent researches in the field of wind turbine technology is covered in this book chapter. The work provides the guide to design VAWT with the information about the implementation of farm, reduction of noise, and computational techniques used in recent researches. The review of this kind always has greater importance because of the up to date information about the ongoing researches.KeywordsVAWTAerodynamic designComputational analysisExperiment methodRenewable energy
... Therefore 1/Nth credence is assigned to each major index and to the combination of two minor indices so that the overall sum of total credence will be unity. Therefore the Multiple Indexed Performance Evaluation Function is given by In general, allocation of credence to relevant impact is a complicated task (Correia et al. 2020). Furthermore, the credence should be flexible and fare enough to cope up with ambiguous concerns of DNO's about loss minimization, voltage stability, load expansion, other associated economic issues, etc. (Correia et al. 2020;Bindeshwar Singh 2015;Ullah et al. 2019;Ghasemi et al. 2019;Graditi and Somma 2021;Kifle et al. 2018;Poornazaryan et al. 2016;Roche and Courtney 2020;Alotaibi and Salama 2018; Handbook of Distribute Generation 2017; Bawazir and Cetin 2020;Choi et al. 2018). ...
... Therefore the Multiple Indexed Performance Evaluation Function is given by In general, allocation of credence to relevant impact is a complicated task (Correia et al. 2020). Furthermore, the credence should be flexible and fare enough to cope up with ambiguous concerns of DNO's about loss minimization, voltage stability, load expansion, other associated economic issues, etc. (Correia et al. 2020;Bindeshwar Singh 2015;Ullah et al. 2019;Ghasemi et al. 2019;Graditi and Somma 2021;Kifle et al. 2018;Poornazaryan et al. 2016;Roche and Courtney 2020;Alotaibi and Salama 2018; Handbook of Distribute Generation 2017; Bawazir and Cetin 2020;Choi et al. 2018). The resiliency and fare allocation attained by the proposed MIPEF function presents it as an effective method to investigate the most beneficial optimal location at which DGs can be placed. ...
... In the distribution system, the DG cannot be installed on all buses. Some buses can be found as bad DG inputs as the inconsistent choice of location and DG size can lead to greater system loss or reduced power stabilization than outside the DG Correia et al. 2020)-DG. The inclusion of DG in Inapt areas puts negative impacts on the distribution system. ...
A hybrid system consists of conventional and nonconventional energy systems for the achievement of reliable operation to keep the balance between energy supply and load demand. Various methods have been employed for planning and sizing of the hybrid energy system to get optimal location. Due to weather conditions, some renewable energy sources such as solar and wind energy may be unable to provide continuous supply. In addition, stability is an important issue. This may be voltage stability, frequency stability, and rotor angle stability. Different optimization techniques have been developed for optimizing the parameters of the hybrid energy system. This manuscript deals with a review of different hybrid energy systems with optimization techniques to achieve their best optimal location and sizing. Some planning methods have been reviewed with in this manuscript and focused on the development of a new hybrid energy system with advanced techniques.KeywordsRenewable energy systemSolar systemWind powerParticle swarm optimizationGenetic algorithmArtificial bee colony algorithm
... In recent years, new renewable energy sources generation have increasing importance in the electricity sector [1], [2]. In Brasil, for example, the growth of distributed generation is intense [3]. Despite the benefits provided by these sources, high penetrations of non-dispatchable sources, such as photovoltaic and wind generation, can cause problems related to the power quality and protection of electrical systems [4]- [8]. ...
The exact location and design parameter investigation of Renewable Energy Resources (RER) prior to its actual installation is an important step in network planning. Many RER allocation methods are available in the literature but rarely define any unsuitability of location for RER installation that may reduce system performance. For closing the gap of those published methods this chapter outlines two auxiliary services of the proposed method for the installation of renewable energy resources in Transmission and Distribution Systems. These services highlights the most important fields of energy systems, which will be carefully analyzed to make the use of RER more profitable. The first service states the enhanced load capacity which can be achieved after appropriate installation of RER as per the proposed method. While the other one reveals the number of buses removed from the competition to be the ideal location for RER insertion. A thorough study of these often underestimated effects of RER or Distributed Generation installation can help to improve the systems ability of load expansion without network congestion. It also investigates the areas where students will be guided to remove the buses for DG inclusion, which can be described as ‘Inapt Locations’. This will provide a tool to reduce researchers’ efforts to find a suitable location on large networks by reducing the size of the candidates locations.KeywordsRenewable Energy ResourcesTransmission ParametersDistributed GeneratorInapt locationsLoadability
