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Configuration of the proposed antennas
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In this paper, hexagonal substrate integrated waveguide (S IW) cavity is introduced to realize two low profile, single fe d and circularly polarized (CP) cavity antennas for the first time. One of the structures presents right handed CP (RHCP), while the other one offers left handed CP (LHCP). The two proposed antennas are compact and are light in...
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Context 1
... polarized wave. This antenna keeps high radiation perfor- mance of conventional cavity backed antenna with its profile greatly reduced. China (51172034, 61201001, and 61301052). In this paper, we propose two hexagonal cavity backed circularly polarized antennas on the basis of that shown in [9]. They all have the same configuration as shown in Fig. 1. The particular cavity geometry presented here provides flexibility of rectangular cavity and high performance of circu lar cavity. Whats more, co mpared with cavity constructing method proposed in [9], our proposed method has advantages including better mechanical performance, more easy realization of arbitrary cavity shapes, more ...
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... antenna designs for right hand circularly polarized (RHCP) and left hand circularly polarized (LHCP) are presented in this paper. They have the same configuration as shown in Fig. 1. The cavity of both antennas is hexagonal and is realized by metallic via arrays at a single Fogers Duroid 5880 substrate with permittiv ity r of 2.2, loss tangent of 0.001, and thickness h of 0.508 mm. The crossed slots of Antennas I and II are etched at the top metal surface and the ground plane, respectively. To meet the requirement ...
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Citations
... Later, it has been divided into two halves along a magnetic wall. Two hexagonal cavity backed slot antennas [6] have been proposed to operate at X-band. Here, one of the antennas is loaded with two crossed slots on top side to radiate right hand circularly polarized wave and the other is loaded with two crossed slots on bottom side to radiate left hand circularly polarized wave. ...
In this paper, the hexagonal cavitybacked slot antenna using Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) is proposed for dual-band operation. SIW is a planar form of conventional waveguides which can be easily fabricated on printed circuit boards and integrated with microwave circuits. Several metallic vias are inserted into the substrate to make a Hexagonal Cavity Resonator (HCR). The HCR is loaded with Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR) which decreases the resonant frequency of the modes. The resulted antenna operates in two bands and its impedance bandwidth is 4% and 2.2% at the center frequencies of 4.5 GHz and 5.6 GHz, respectively. The gain at the bore sight direction is 7.2 dB and 4.4 dB at 4.5 GHz and 5.6 GHz, respectively.
... By employing SIW, the low profile cavity-backed structure can be realized by using only low cost printed circuit board (PCB) substrates. Crossed slots, treated as magnetic crossed dipoles, were employed to realize CP radiation [7][10]. However, as investigated in [12], wide axial ratio beamwidths cannot be achieved by crossed dipoles. ...
A circularly polarized (CP) substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) antenna is presented. First, our study demonstrates that wide axial-ratio beamwidth can be achieved by exciting a square slot with four pins. Second, gap rings are employed around the pins to control the resonant frequency of the antenna. After the variation of thee diameters of gap rings, the frequency of best impedance match corresponds to that of the widest axial-ratio beamwidth. Finally, a CP antenna is designed and fabricated. Experimental results are found in good agreement with simulations in terms of radiation patterns, gain, axial ratio, and reflection coefficient. In particular, the 3-dB axial-ratio beamwidth at the center frequency of 7.98 GHz is extended to 150°.
In this paper, a semi-hexagonal half-mode SIW antenna is proposed by the authors, generated by splitting the hexagonal SIW cavity along the diametric bisector joining the opposite vertices, which exposes the radiating edge, while the other edges are lined with metallic vias. The proposed antenna, designed on Arlon AD270 substrate, has a gain of 5.8 dBi at 5.9 GHz. The antenna element is further used to design two linear arrays as 1 × 2 and 1 × 4 arrays. The resonating frequencies for both 1 × 2 and 1 × 4 simulated linear arrays lie at 5.9 GHz, with gains of 8.3 dBi and 11.3 dBi respectively, thereby providing a gain improvement of 2.5 dBi and 5.5 dBi over the single array element. The antennas are of useful application in vehicular communication systems serving as an integral part of Dedicated Short Range Communication devices with frequency of operation lying in the IEEE 802.11p band allocated for such purpose. The antennas also find application in satellite communication in the C-band.
In this paper, the authors have proposed semi-hexagonal half-mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) antennas generated by splitting the hexagonal SIW cavity across two different lines of symmetry, type 1: the diametric line the joining the opposite vertices of the cavity and type 2: the line connecting the opposite edge centers of the cavity. The resultant line of separation exposes the radiating edge of the antennas, with the other edges lined with hollow metallic cylindrical vias. The antennas thus designed and fabricated on Arlon AD270 substrate have a gain of 5.8 dBi at the resonating frequency of 5.9 GHz. The proposed antennas are compounded to design linear 1 × 2 and 1 × 4 arrays. The resonating frequencies for both 1 × 2 and 1 × 4 linear arrays of type 1 is 5.9 GHz with respective gain of 8.27 dBi and 11.3 dBi, thereby providing a gain improvement of 2.47 dBi and 5.5 dBi over the single array element. The type 2 linear antenna arrays also resonate at 5.9 GHz for both 1 × 2 and 1 × 4 configurations exhibiting a gain of 8.2 dBi and 11.2 dBi respectively, thus providing a gain improvement of 2.4 dBi and 5.4 dBi over the single array element. The antennas find significant utility in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) for vehicular communication using Cellular-V2X (C-V2X) technology with frequency of operation lying in the allocated IEEE 802.11p band. The antennas also find application in satellite communication in the C-band. The measured results of the fabricated prototype of the antenna arrays are found to bear a close agreement with the simulated ones.
This letter presents a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based compact, dual mode self-diplexing antenna. A single square cavity with a rectangular ring slot is used for both dual mode excitation and radiation. A prototype diplexing antenna is fabricated that radiates linear, orthogonal polarization at 9.5 GHz and 10.5 GHz. The measured peak gains at the two frequencies are 5.75 dBi and 5.95 dBi, respectively. Intermodal coupling between the modes provides two transmission zeros, which are utilized to achieve port isolation better than 29 dB. The proposed technique can be used for closely spaced radiating frequencies. As no external filter is used, the structure is compact. Further, because of the slot loading effect, the antenna is smaller than a recently published antenna claimed as the most compact antenna. Its working principle is discussed in detail. Finally, design guidelines are suggested.
A K-band end-fire substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) circularly polarized (CP) antenna system on a single layer printed-circuit board is proposed. A high gain SIW H-plane horn and a Vivaldi antenna are developed to produce two orthogonal polarizations in the plane of the substrate. They are combined with a low profile SIW 3-dB coupler to provide identical feeding amplitudes with 90-degree phase difference. The performance of the CP antenna system is demonstrated over the 23-27 GHz frequency range by comparing simulations and measurements in terms of gain, axial ratio, radiation pattern, and return loss. Results show that the proposed antenna system operates with a wideband 3-dB axial ratio from 24.25 to 26.5 GHz and a high and uniform gain of almost 8 dB. Measured results are found in good agreement with simulations.
