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Metastatic tumors are the most common tumors affecting the heart. Primary tumors are rare, with myxomas being the most common of the primary cardiac tumors. The incidence of primary cardiac tumors is 0.02%, about 200 cases has been reported in 1 million autopsies. Most of primary cardiac tumors have been detected incidentally on diagnostic modaliti...
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... 21-year-old African American male with the history of hypertension presenting with 6 hours history of right lower leg weakness and numbness with intractable nausea, vomiting and photophobia. He denied any chest pain, shortness of breath, syncope, dysphagia, or any other focal neurological deficit. There was no history of head and neck trauma. Two years prior to admission, he experienced left frontal and parietal lobe ischemic stroke (seen on previous CAT scan) for which he was maintained on aspirin and high intensity statins (Figure 1). Physical examination showed blood pressure 160/84 mmHg, heart rate 75 beats/ min, respiratory rate 20 breaths/min. Patient had vertical nystagmus of the right eye, loss of fine and deep touch of right lower limb with muscle strength of 4/5, ...
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Citations
... This novel effect of statins is actually is part of the wide neuroprotective enigma of statins. [47] The present study had different limitations; the sample size was relatively small, the severity of stoke was not taken into account, baseline comorbidities were not estimated, doses of statins were not considered precisely, and finally, the patient outcomes were not followed-up after the study period. Despite these limitations, this study is regarded as a base study discussing the relationship between statins and S100β serum levels in patients with AIS. ...
... This novel effect of statins is actually is part of the wide neuroprotective enigma of statins. [47] The present study had different limitations; the sample size was relatively small, the severity of stoke was not taken into account, baseline comorbidities were not estimated, doses of statins were not considered precisely, and finally, the patient outcomes were not followed-up after the study period. Despite these limitations, this study is regarded as a base study discussing the relationship between statins and S100β serum levels in patients with AIS. ...
Background:
Acute ischemic strokes (AIS) are a common cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability. The serum biomarker S100β correlates with poor neurological outcomes in the setting of AIS. This study describes the impact of statin treatment on S100β levels following AIS.
Methods:
This was a prospective case-control study of AIS patients compared to healthy controls. Patients were stratified into three groups: (1) AIS patients on statin therapy, (2) AIS patients not on statin therapy, and (3) healthy controls. Demographics, clinical parameters, stroke risk scores (SRS), and S100β levels were recorded for all patients.
Results:
Blood pressure, lipids, and SRS scores were higher in stroke versus control patients (all P < 0.05), and lower in Group I versus II (all P < 0.05). S100β levels were higher in stroke versus nonstroke patients (P = 0.001), and lower in Group I versus II (P = 0.001). Furthermore, patients on atorvastatin showed greater S100β reductions than those on rosuvastatin therapy (P = 0.01).
Conclusion:
In acute stroke patients, statins therapy correlated with reductions in the neuronal injury biomarker S100β, with greater reductions observed for atorvastatin than rosuvastatin therapy.
Acute multi‐territory, embolic cerebral infarctions are often associated with serious underlying clinical conditions including the presence of highly “active” emboligenic sources causing that in turn may result in high early recurrence rates. Prompt diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment are substantial for the prevention of subsequent embolization that would result in further clinical deterioration. Among other clinical investigations, transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring is highly efficacious for the detection of microembolic signals (MES) that correspond to microthrombi entering the intracranial circulation. The presence and burden of MES, especially in multiple intracranial arteries, is clearly associated with an increased risk of symptomatic, recurrent embolization, and thus can justify a more aggressive treatment approach (clopidogrel load followed by dual antiplatelet therapy or alternatively therapeutic dose of low‐molecular‐weight heparin). In this narrative review, we discuss the most important causes of multi‐territory embolic ischemic strokes and also underscore the utility of TCD as a noninvasive tool for the diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment.
