Fig 2 - uploaded by Malina Desliu-Avram
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
An experimental bench-scale plant based on percolating procedure was built-up, in order to investigate the solvent extraction for oil separation from ground rapeseed, soybean and sunflower. n-Heptane and hexane have been used as extraction solvents. The extraction time, the solvent to ground seeds mass ratio and the ground particle size were consid...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... fatty acids extracted with n-heptane from rapeseed oil, identified by GC analysis after transesterification, consists mainly in oleic (C18:1n9, 61%) and linoleic acid (C18:2n6, 19.8%), but beside them there is a high content of octadecatrienic acid (C18:3n4, 7.2%), palmitic acid (C16, 4.8%), arachidonic acid (C20, 1.2%), linolenic acid (C18:3n3, 0.5%) and others in smaller quantities, as it can be seen from the chromatogram presented in Fig. 2. The effect of the particle size of the ground seeds and the solvent type on dynamics of extraction yield is presented in Fig. 3. As it can be seen the amount of extracted oil is dependent on the granulation of the oleaginous material, undergone of extraction. On the other hand no major differences in extraction yield dynamics could be observed between the two solvents used, probably due to the high solubility of the oil in both solvents. One can see from Fig. 3 that all curves has a similar shape which are likewise to those characterizing an internal diffusion controlling extraction process. With other words, the Fig. 3 shows that the shrinking core model can be applied for designing the rapeseed oil solvent ...
Context 2
... consists mainly in oleic (C18:1n9, 61%) and linoleic acid (C18:2n6, 19.8%), but beside them there is a high content of octadecatrienic acid (C18:3n4, 7.2%), palmitic acid (C16, 4.8%), arachidonic acid (C20, 1.2%), linolenic acid (C18:3n3, 0.5%) and others in smaller quantities, as it can be seen from the chromatogram presented in Fig. 2. The effect of the particle size of the ground seeds and the solvent type on dynamics of extraction yield is presented in Fig. 3. As it can be seen the amount of extracted oil is dependent on the granulation of the oleaginous material, undergone of extraction. On the other hand no major differences in extraction yield dynamics could be ...
Similar publications
This work presents the combustion results of a vegetable oils blend in a low-pressure auxiliary air fluid pulverisation burner (o emulsion burner). This blend was prepared from soy and sunflower refined vegetable oils (54.4%) and sunflower and rapeseed crude vegetable oils (45.4%). The influence of varying the fuel flow rate, the secondary airflow...
Citations
... The percolates are concentrated under decreased pressure at a temperature of not more than 50°C to remove the extraction solvent in part or completely to get a hydroalcoholic or aqueous solution. A "battery" of two to three columns can be employed to completely deplete the plant material [64,65]. Zhang et al. compared the percolation technique of extraction to refluxing extraction for the extraction of constituents from Undaria pinnatifida. ...
An important determinant of population health is the caliber and quality of food that can directly affect the health of the population. Herbs and spices are now the primary ingredients in the global food and nutraceutical industry. Traditional methods for extraction of active metabolites of herbs and spices may lead to lowered extraction efficiency due to high solvent consumption and a longer extraction period. These issues can be resolved by the use of novel green and sustainable extraction techniques. The present paper aims to discuss innovative extraction and identification techniques for herbs and spices. Microwave-aided extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), DNA barcoding, THz-S, e-nose, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, Raman spectroscopy possess environment-friendly instrumentations, make lesser use of chemicals, and reduce the consumption of solvent. The use of cuttingedge technology in place of outdated ones can improve product quality and help the general public maintain high levels of health.
... The extraction procedure can be carried out in batch or continuous mode, and several independent parameters such as residence time, sample moisture content, extraction temperature, sample size, and choice of solvent can impact the efficiency of solvent extraction (9). ...
Syzygium cumini, also known as Jamun, Jambul, or Indian blackberry, is a species of tree native to the Indian subcontinent. A comprehensive literature review shows that Jamun can be considered one of the most versatile herbal medicines with anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other properties. This review aims to investigate and understand the previous research on Jamun, including its pharmacognosy and pharmacological history, to confirm its potential to treat a variety of illnesses. The study also examined the current pharmaceutical formulations available in the market to understand the potential for developing medications from the components of Jamun. To comprehend the available studies, the analytical backdrop is also reviewed. Despite being the focus of many research studies, there are still many unanswered questions regarding Jamun. Therefore, the best formulations or products may be produced in these sectors, possibly through nutraceuticals, to support improved pharmacological aspects or health promotion. This review will help identify unexplored areas where specific tasks related to Jamun can be done.
... GC-MS analysis of fatty acids in soursop seed oil revealed the presence of unsaturated fatty acids (73.42%) and saturated fatty acids (26.68%). From results it appears that the biodiesel from Chrysophyllum albidum has useful and similar characteristics to standard biodiesels [23]. ...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the thermophysical properties of vegetable oil and derived ethyl biodiesel
obtained from Chrysophyllum albidum kernels. Extracted oil was ethyl-transesterified and the effect of
temperature and pressure on the thermophysical properties such as density, kinematic viscosity and isothermal
compressibility (KT) was investigated both on the vegetable oil and on the derived ethyl biodiesel. The fatty acid
ethyl ester composition of the formulated biodiesel was also evaluated using gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry (GC-MS). Results obtained indicated that the yield of oil extraction is 33.23±3.26%, m/m, with
peroxide index of 10.46± 0.12meq O2/Kg-oil. This peroxide index indicated that the oil was not very suitable for
feeding and may be subject to rapid oxidation. The main fatty acid ethyl esters in the oil are linoleate (21.22%),
linolenate (25.62%), oleate (19.7%) and palmitate (15.98%). The kinematic viscosity values of the extracted oil
varied between 12.08 and 88.65 cst, while those of the derived ethyl biodiesel varied between 2.75 and 10.36 cst
for temperatures between 293.15 and 353K. The KT decreases with increasing pressure at constant temperature
while it increases with temperature at constant pressure. Data from this study will be useful in the prediction of
diesel engine performance and their real-time simulations
... After extraction, the solvent was evaporated in 40 °C with a rotavap, and extracts were freeze-dried. The obtained acetonic extract was stored at −10 °C until being used [11]. ...
Background: The serum glucose lowering, normalization animal body weight, and antioxidative stress effects of Mespilus german-ica L. leaf extract were investigated in normal and streptozotocin-induced Balb/C mice. Methods: The phenol and flavonoid of the leaves of M. germanica were extracted by percolation and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Its total phenol and flavonoid content was determined using folin and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. The study was conducted on 48 matured male Balb/C mice (20-30 g) divided into 6 groups (n = 8). Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). Extracts of Mespilus germanica were used orally at the dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight per day for 21 days. Results: Oral administrations of the M. germanica L. leaf extract significantly decreased serum glucose, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation and maintained animal body weight during treatment period (p < 0.05) compared to metformin (200 mg/kg) in over 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg dosages, respectively. Conclusions: The present study indicated that the Mespilus germanica leaf extract significantly decreased serum glucose and maintained normal body weight in Balb/C diabetic mice.
... However, due to high demand of vegetable oils, there was need to develop other techniques such as solvent extraction, mechanical extraction and other advanced oil extraction methods such as supercritical fluid extraction. Avram et al. (2014) predicted that the worldwide oil seed production will face an increasing demand in the next thirty years. This necessitates increased interest in vegetable oil extraction research and development. ...
... The above and other situations have prompted research and development of technologies for extraction of oil from specific crops. In recent years there has been widespread studies and researches aimed at developing improved technologies for oil extraction from agricultural materials (Avram et al., 2014). In this paper, a comprehensive review of the recent studies and works on vegetable oil extraction is presented. ...
... countercurrent extraction or continuous stage-wise extraction). Avram et al. (2014) mentioned that the rate of oil extraction in solvent process is dependent on the type of moisture used, the thickness and area of solid phase, temperature and moisture content. Another factor is the residence time. ...
Extraction is an important unit operation in crop/food processing; involving the recovery of a material of interest from a parent material. Vegetable oil extraction has presented a lot of challenges, which border on developing appropriate equipment/technology, improving the efficiency of available equipment, ensuring good quality and safety of the product, and minimizing the adverse environmental effects of oil extraction technology. In line with this, various researches have been carried out to understand the properties of oleaginous crops and to find solution to the challenges associated with oil extraction. Some research works are also focused on improvement of process conditions and development of models able to explain observed phenomena during extraction. This paper provides a comprehensive review of vegetable oil extraction, both from the standpoint of research advances and industrial application. The paper reviews works on the theory as well as the methods of vegetable oil extraction. The objective of the paper is to present the technology situation and to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in vegetable oil extraction research and development as well as their application.
... The worldwide oil seed output will face a growing demand in recent years due to the combination of factors, including a greater consumption for edible oil, the expansion of the biofuel industry, and the requirements for green chemistry [118]. Commonly, there are three different methods for the extraction of oil are conceivable: (1) pressing, (2) solvent extraction, and (3) a combination of pressing and solvent extraction [119]. ...
... All extraction processes have three major goals, which are: i/ getting a well performant process in terms of environmental impacts and energy consumption; ii/ getting the extract with a higher yield as possible to be economically efficient; iii/ getting the extract with a higher quality and residue to reach a high economic value of the extraction process [118]. ...
... The kinetics of solvent extraction is a function of both the different chemical reactions occurring in the system and the rates of diffusion of the different species that control the chemistry of the extraction process [133]. However, the rate of extraction depends on the thickness and area of solid phase, temperature, solvent and moisture content [134] and [118]. ...
The objective of this study was to compare the production of biodiesel from Camelina seeds using conventional methods or assisted/intensified by Instant Controlled Pressure-drop DIC. Camelina is one of the most suitable feedstocks for biodiesel production as it does not compete with food crops and/or agricultural land use. Its interest lies in its high oil content, short growing season, and great ability to enrich poor, arid or semi-arid soils. The insertion of texturing by DIC allows the intensification of both 1/ extraction of the oil followed by transesterification and 2/ a single step in-situ transesterification process. In both cases, using the response surface method (RSM), statistical analyzes have led to adequate empirical mathematical models capable of better developing experimental results, optimizing treatment parameters and better define the scaling-up. The DIC process stands out for its ability to successfully achieve the structural expansion of natural products without affecting the quality of sensitive compounds such as oils and fuels produced. The increase in the amount of oil extracted after DIC texturing of seeds was 38% and 22% for pressing and solvent extraction, respectively. In ISTE mode, DIC texturing approximately doubled FAMEs yields (98% increased yields). In addition, DIC technology is a very economical technique due to its high processing capacity, low operating time, and weak energy consumption.
... After extraction, the solvent was evaporated in 40 • C with a rotavap, and extracts were freeze-dried. The obtained acetonic extract was stored at −10 • C until being used [11]. ...
Background:
The serum glucose lowering, normalization animal body weight, and antioxidative stress effects ofMespilus germanicaL. leaf extract were investigated in normal and streptozotocin-induced Balb/C mice.Methods:The phenol and flavonoid of the leaves ofM. germanicawere extracted by percolation and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Its total phenol and flavonoid content was determined using folin and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. The study was conducted on 48 matured male Balb/C mice (20-30 g) divided into 6 groups (n= 8). Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). Extracts ofMespilus germanicawere used orally at the dose of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight per day for 21 days.Results:Oral administrations of theM. germanicaL. leaf extract significantly decreased serum glucose, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation and maintained animal body weight during treatment period (p< 0.05) compared to metformin (200 mg/kg) in over 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg dosages, respectively.Conclusions:The present study indicated that theMespilus germanicaleaf extract significantly decreased serum glucose and maintained normal body weight in Balb/C diabetic mice.
... The modeling equation in terms of the variables considered (X 1 , X 2 , X 3 ), the response ( ) and the error ( ) value is expressed in Eqn. (2). [34] 5 g of the oil was weighed and poured into a moisture dish of 5 cm diameter and 2 cm depth covered with a tightfitted-slip-over, and was placed inside an oven operating at a temperature of 125 o C, pressure of 95 mmHg, and the ...
In this work, optimization of oil extraction from the Citrussinensis (C. sinensis) oilseed was carried out. The physiochemical properties of the seed oil were determined for its aptness for industrial application. This was with a view to add value to C. sinensis oil and finding environmentally friendly alternative to conventional oil. C. sinensis oilseed was obtained from the fruit garden market in Port Harcourt, River State. Nigeria. The seeds were washed to remove dirt, after which the seeds were sun dried until a constant weight was obtained. The dried seeds were de-husked, winnowed, and further sun dried for two days before milling. The oil was extracted using solvent extraction method (n-hexane). For the optimization of the oil extraction, a three-level-three-factors response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were employed. Seventeen (17) experimental runs were generated and were carried out. Independent factor considered were powder weight, solvent volume and extraction time. The physiochemical and other parameters (cetane number, API, aniline point among others) properties were determined using standard methods. Results showed the that experimental C. sinensis oil yield (CSOY) of 52.64 (% w/w) was obtained, but RSM predicted CSOY of 50.240 (% w/w), validated as 49.98 (% w/w) at powder weight of 40 g, solvent volume of 180 ml and extraction time of 40 min. ANN predicted CSOY of 51.720 (% w/w), validated as 50.85 (% w/w) at powder weight of 43 g, solvent volume of 202 ml and extraction time of 41 min. Physicochemical analysis of CSOY showed the oil to be golden yellowish in colour with specific gravity of 0.9200. The moisture content of 0.0134%, refractive index of 1.5019, FFA of 2.23 which corresponds to acid value of 4.46 mg KOH/g, the saponification value of the oil was 77.14 mg KOH/g while peroxide value of 17.00 was obtained. The iodine value of 78.1 g I2 /100 g with cetane number of 99.48 was obtained for the oil. Higher heating value of the oil was 45.10 MJ/kg. The API gravity of 22.3 and high aniline point of 557.31 of the oil shows that C. sinensis oil is of a better diesel oil. Gas chromatography analysis to determine the free fatty acid of the oil showed the oil to be unsaturated (60.13%). Hence, the study concluded that C. sinensis oils could serve as feedstock for animals and as lubricant for Industrial purposes.
... The oil can be obtained from different categories of plants: plants with oil concentrated in seeds (sunflower, soybean, rapeseed etc.), plants producing oleaginous fruits (olive, coconut and palm), plants producing oleaginous tubers (peanuts) and plants producing oleaginous germ (corn). The main oleaginous crops, used for oil obtaining in Romania, are: soybean, sunflower, line, rapeseed, mustard and castor, [2]. ...
... Fig. 6 also contains the temperature and solid-liquid ratio effect on extraction dynamics. This behavior in dynamics of oil extraction yields from seeds is known in literature (Baumler et al., 2010;Stanisavljenic et al., 2007;Palafox et al., 2012;Nwabanne, 2012;Avram et al., 2014). ...
