Figure - available via license: CC BY
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
: Manual arc-welded hardfacings are widely used for the protection of new or the restoration of worn parts in agriculture, forestry, and mining applications. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of electrode covering composition on the microstructure, wear (low, average stress abrasion; erosion at 30, 50, and 80 m s−1), and economic feas...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... mass of each sample was measured before and after the three-body or erosive wear test to the nearest 1.0 or 0.1 mg with a KERN EG420-3NM or Mettler Toledo ME204 balance, respectively. Table 4 provides the composition of hardfacings produced by deposition using the developed electrodes (with various contents of ferrochrome and graphite in the coating), which have different technological properties. The carbon content of the hardfaced layer was influenced by the graphite content or by the presence of carbon in the ferrochrome or ferromanganese of the electrode covering. ...Context 2
... was found that hardfacings with lower ferrochrome and carbon contents had better technological properties. The composition and hardness of the hardfacings are shown in Table 4. 36.5 ± 2.5 ...Context 3
... study effect of carbon), respectively. The hardness of the hardfacings is given in Table 4. ...Context 4
... Sample 613, which was composed of a eutectic primary dendritic austenite structure with approximately 30% carbide (eutectic M7C3, Table 5), showed less wear by a factor of 2.0-2.5 (Figure 6b) during the low-contact-stress abrasive test. The dominant structure of Samples 565 and 604 was perlite (with small differences in composition, i.e., 2.75 and 2.33% of C and 1.29 and 4.09% of Cr, respectively; Table 4). The perlite grain size in Sample 604 was 45-70 μm, and that for Sample 565 was 10-25 μm ( Figure 5). ...Context 5
... 565 and 647, which had the lowest wear rates under low-stress conditions, had very high wear rates under average-stress conditions. If only Samples 613, 622, 632, and 631 were assessed, then the content of chrome increased from 8.3 to 27.8% and the content of carbon increased from 2.19 to 2.68% (Table 4); a slight increase in hardness was also observed (43 to 49.7 HRC), which resulted in the reduction in the wear rate from 0.82 to 0.63 g. However, the hardfacings with lower carbon and chromium contents (Samples 565 and 604), as well as that with the highest contents of these elements (Sample 647) did not follow this trend. ...Context 6
... IV was also reasonable for future investigations due to the lower cost of such electrodes and the good results of Hardfacing 565 under low-stress abrasive conditions. The hardfacings produced using Electrodes 614 and 565 (Type IIIb) had slightly higher titanium content (Table 4). During the electrode manufacturing, the oxygen in rutile was replaced by carbon because of the sufficiently high carbon content. ...
