Table 4 - uploaded by Thiruppathi Senthil Kumar
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Components identified in the root bark exudates of Hardwickia binata Roxb.
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Hardwickia binata Roxb. (Fabaceae) root bark exudate has been traditionally used by tribes of Chitteri hills to cure breast cancer. The main objective of this study is to give a scientific validation to the traditional use of H. binata. The root bark exudates of H. binata was collected from Chitteri hills, shade dried, coarsely powdered and extract...
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... GC-MS analysis led to the identification of 22 compounds from the gas chromatography fractions of the methanol extract of H. binata. The active principles with their retention time (RT), molecular formula, molecular weight (MW) and concentration (%) in the methanol extract are presented in Table 4 and Fig. 2. ...
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Citations
... The compounds present in chloroform extract were separated and isolated by techniques such as (TLC) thin layer chromatography and column chromatography. Characterization and structure elucidation of compounds were done by using UV spectral analysis, GC-MS and 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR data [7,8] . ...
... cis-9-Hexadecenal and n-hexadecanoic acid are among the constituents of essential oil of Urtica dioica and Raphanus sativus seeds, which are known for their antimicrobial activities [41]. These compounds are also found naturally in marine sponge Cliona celata and root bark exudates of Hardwickia binata Roxb and are known to have antimicrobial as well as anti-inflammatory activities along with better oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) [42,43]. n-Hexadecanoic acid has been shown to competitively inhibit phospholipase A 2 and thereby block the initiation of inflammatory cascade [40]. ...
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, alias “Vishnu Parijat,” is a medicinal plant used to treat various inflammation-associated ailments and to combat innumerable infections in the traditional system of medicine. In the present study, we collected the samples of N. arbor-tristis from the lower Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India, and carried out their molecular identification through DNA barcoding. To examine the antioxidant and antibacterial activities, we prepared the ethanolic and aqueous extracts (from flowers and leaves) and performed their phytochemical analysis by using different qualitative and quantitative approaches. The phytoextracts showed marked antioxidant potential, as revealed by a comprehensive set of assays. The ethanolic leaf extract showed marked antioxidant potential towards DPPH, ABTS, and NO scavenging (IC50 = 30.75 ± 0.006, 30.83 ± 0.002, and 51.23 ± 0.009 μg/mL, respectively). We used TLC-bioautography assay to characterize different antioxidant constituents (based on their Rf values) in the chromatograms ran under different mobile phases. For one of the prominent antioxidant spots in TLC bioautography, GC-MS analysis identified cis-9-hexadecenal and n-hexadecanoic acid as the major constituents. Furthermore, in antibacterial study, the ethanolic leaf extract showed marked activity against Aeromonas salmonicida (113.40 mg/mL of extract was equivalent to 100 μg/mL of kanamycin). In contrast, the ethanolic flower extract showed considerable antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (125.85 mg/mL of extract ≡100 μg/mL of kanamycin). This study presents the phylogenetic account and unravels the antioxidant-related properties and antibacterial potential of N. arbor-tristis.
... All of these compounds are quite common in nature, and although some have been pointed out as having anti-inflammatory potential, such as cis-9-hexadecenal due to being present in active extracts [39], no works were found specifically testing this compound's anti-inflammatory potential. This evidence reinforces the relevance of further studies on C. celata to identify and test the isolated compounds. ...
Inflammation is a double-edged sword, as it can have both protective effects and harmful consequences, which, combined with oxidative stress (OS), can lead to the development of deathly chronic inflammatory conditions. Over the years, research has evidenced the potential of marine sponges as a source of effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. Within this framework, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory potential of the marine sponge Cliona celata. For this purpose, their organic extracts (C1–C5) and fractions were evaluated concerning their radical scavenging activity through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and anti-inflammatory activity through a (lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced inflammation on RAW 264.7 cells) model. Compounds present in the two most active fractions (F5 and F13) of C4 were tentatively identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Even though samples displayed low antioxidant activity, they presented a high anti-inflammatory capacity in the studied cellular inflammatory model when compared to the anti-inflammatory standard, dexamethasone. GC-MS analysis led to the identification of n-hexadecanoic acid, cis-9-hexadecenal, and 13-octadecenal in fraction F5, while two major compounds, octadecanoic acid and cholesterol, were identified in fraction F13. The developed studies demonstrated the high anti-inflammatory activity of the marine sponge C. celata extracts and fractions, highlighting its potential for further therapeutic applications.
... [21] PHYTOCHEMISTRY The Root bark exudates of Hardwickia binata are reported phytoconstituents of carbohydrates, glycosides, fixed oils and fats, proteins and amino acids, saponins, tannins, phytosterols, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids while gums and mucilage are absents. [22] The heartwood contain β-sitosterol, (+)-taxifolin, eriodictyol, (+)-catechin,(+)-epicatechin and (+)-mopanol. [23] Leaves and seed contain Phenol, Flavonoids, saponin, glycosides, Tannins. ...
... Prabakaran and Senthil Kumar [22] ...
... Leaves are used as cattle fodder and root bark extracts reported anticancer property in H. binata. [13]. Hence, the present study was undertaken to work out mineral analysis of H. binata. ...
Objective: The present study was aimed to investigate the mineral composition of Hardwickia binata Roxb. Methods: Shade-dried powdered leaves, seed, and husk of H. binata were used for mineral analysis. Mineral analysis was carried out by acid digestion method. Potassium, calcium, and sodium were determined using a flame photometer (Thermofisher-FP114), whereas magnesium, zinc, iron, manganese, and copper were estimated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Thermofisher-AA203). Remaining elements namely phosphorus, sulfur, and boron were estimated by ultraviolet spectrophotometer and nitrogen by Kjeldahl’s apparatus. Results: The total number of 13 mineral elements was found in H. binata. In case of values obtained from macroelements, magnesium content was found highest in leaves (51.05%), followed by husk (20.59%) and in seed (10.70%), whereas nitrate content was found lowest in seed (172.33 ppm), followed by leaves (158.17 ppm) and in husk (83.73 ppm). In case of microelements, iron was found maximum in husk (1246.48 ppm), followed by leaves (712.63 ppm) and in seed (157.39 ppm), whereas copper was found minimum in husk (5.73 ppm), followed by seed (4.92 ppm) and in leaves (4.68 ppm). Conclusion: The present investigation of H. binata revealed promising source of magnesium, calcium, iron, and zinc. These elements may serve as nutritional supplement and could be beneficial to the human health as well as livestock to treat against deficiency disorders.
... In an aqueous extract of Micrococca mercurialis, six compounds were present. Among them, Paramomycin (9.98%) serve as an antibacterial agent (Huda, 2015), 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid methyl ester (5.82%) is an unsaturated fatty acid ester with cardioprotective, hypocholesterolemic, anticoronary and anticancer potential (Prabakaran et al., 2014). Cyclobarbital (5.03%) found only in the ethanolic extract has antimicrobial and anticancerous effects (Rajendran et al., 2017). ...
Micrococca mercurialis is widely used for the treatment of sores, skin diseases, cold, fever, rheumatic pain, and infections. The present study aimed to study the antioxidant, free radical scavenging and antibacterial potential different whole plant extracts (aqueous, ethanol, petroleum ether) of Micrococca mercurialis by in vitro methods. The amount of phenols, tannins, flavonoids and Vitamin C were estimated by conventional methods. Free radical scavenging potential was assessed by DPPH and FRAP assays. HRBC membrane-stabilizing study was done to determine its anti-inflammatory property by in vitro method. Activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were determined in Micrococca mercurialis extracts. The phytoconstituents in the extracts of Micrococca mercurialis were explored by GC-MS analysis. The extracts of Micrococca mercurialis exhibited varied in vitro antioxidant, free radical scavenging, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. The GC–MS results confirmed the presence of twenty-nine phytoconstituents totally responsible for the biological activities of Micrococca mercurialis. This pilot study has provided a scientific validation for the folkloric use of Micrococca mercurialis against many infections and diseases.
... cytotoxic activity on the cell lines indicated higher degree of inhibition against African Green Monkey Kidney Epithelial cells (Vero), Human cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) and Human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) (Prabakaran et al., 2014). Leaf extracts of H. binata, has shown antibacterial activity in water purification to an extent that 82.05% of E. coli was removed from the water with 30 minutes contact time (Somani et al., 2011). ...
A general information about Hardwickia binata
... All of these compounds are quite common in nature, and although some have been pointed out as having anti-inflammatory potential, such as cis-9-hexadecenal due to being present in active extracts [39], no works were found specifically testing this compound's anti-inflammatory potential. This evidence reinforces the relevance of further studies on C. celata to identify and test the isolated compounds. ...
This study set out to evaluate the wound healing properties of brittle star extracts in vitro and in vivo. Due to the great arm regeneration potential of the brittle star, Ophiocoma cynthiae, the present study aimed to evaluate the wound healing effect of hydroalcoholic extracts of brittle star undergoing arm regeneration in wound healing models. The brittle star samples were collected from Nayband Bay, Bushehr, Iran. After wound induction in the arm of brittle stars, hydroalcoholic extracts relating to different times of arm regeneration were prepared. The GC-MS analysis, in vitro MTT cell viability and cell migration, Western blot, and computational analysis tests were performed. Based on the in vitro findings, two BSEs were chosen for in vivo testing. Macroscopic, histopathological and biochemical evaluations were performed after treatments. The results showed positive proliferative effects of BSEs. Specifically, forty-two compounds were detected in all groups of BSEs using GC-MS analysis, and their biological activities were assessed. The MTT assay showed that the 14 d BSE had a higher proliferative effect on HFF cells than 7 d BSE. The cell migration assay showed that the wound area in 7 d and 14 d BSEs was significantly lower than in the control group. Western blot analysis demonstrated an increase in the expression of proliferation-related proteins. Upon the computational analysis, a strong affinity of some compounds with proteins was observed. The in vivo analysis showed that the evaluation of wound changes and the percentage of wound healing in cell migration assay in the 7 d BSE group was better than in the other groups. Histopathological scores of the 7 d BSE and 14 d BSE groups were significantly higher than in the other groups. In conclusion, the hydroalcoholic extract of O. cynthiae undergoing arm regeneration after 7 and 14 days promoted the wound healing process in the cell and rat skin wound healing model due to their proliferative and migratory biological activity.
Pharmacognostic evaluation is very important and occupies a prominent role in maintaining quality, authenticity and efficacy of medicinal plants. Such studies also prevent the plants from getting adulterated. Hardwickia binata Roxb. Belonging to Caesalpiniaceae family is traditionally used to cure many ailments. Hence, it was thought of interest to appraise H. binata’s Pharmacognostic parameters and emphasize once again the importance of Pharmacognostic studies in quality control of medicinal plants. There is also another belief that plants are therapeutically more efficient when collected during a particular Nakshatra than those collected during normal days. Keeping these two aspects in mind, H. binata leaf and stem was collected during Mula Nakshatra and Normal days. Both the plant parts were evaluated for their macroscopic, microscopic, organoleptic and powder characteristics. Qualitative phytochemical and physicochemical analysis was also done. Standard procedures were followed for the parameters evaluated. The diagnostic characteristics established in this study will be as reference standards for this plant and will help in maintaining its identity, authenticity in crude drug or powder form. The plant will be prevented from getting adulterated and also help in maintaining its efficacy. The quality control parameters enlisted in this study will help in preparing a monograph of this plant to be included in any pharmacopeia.
Keywords: Hardwickia binata, caesalpiniaceae, pharmacognostic studies, mula nakshatra, quality control parameters, leaf, stem
