Fig 9 - uploaded by Ronwaldo Emmanuel Aquino
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Completely collapsed large building with steel roof trusses supported on RC frames with concrete (CHB) walls
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Typhoons in the Philippines have historically accounted for a significant amount of damages compared to other types of natural disasters. Most recently on November 8, 2013, Typhoon Yolanda (International Name: Haiyan) made landfall in the country and was quickly touted as being the strongest landfalling tropical cyclone on record. It claimed a reco...
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Citations
... For example, recorded peak gusts of Typhoon Meranti (Ferdie) in 2016 are unavailable in Itbayat where it made landfall 54 . Likewise, peak gusts of Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda) were not recorded across some weather stations in the Visayas region due to the damage sustained by the weather instruments 48,55,56 . To compensate for such limitations, intensity readings of neighbouring international weather agencies were used. ...
... To compensate for such limitations, intensity readings of neighbouring international weather agencies were used. Additionally, estimated intensities evident from impact signs to infrastructure as derived in some studies were referenced [55][56][57] . However, without officially recorded intensity readings of some of the largest typhoons in the Philippines, estimates will always be confined within the proxied or assumed values. ...
Natural hazards inflict significant damage to dwellings in the Philippines where housing is often the most valued asset of households. Residential fragility functions estimate structural damage to mitigate risk but these are challenging to derive when empirical and analytical data are lacking, as is common in rural areas. Too often, conventional fragility estimates overlook the characteristics of informally built or non-engineered dwellings common in rural areas. We used a heuristic alternative of deriving fragility functions relying on experts' judgements to understand the housing performance of non-engineered residential typologies in the Province of Batanes in the Philippines. Drawing on field surveys in the Municipality of Itbayat, we identified and defined seven prominent typologies. Based on the Applied Technology Council's expert-driven method of deriving fragility functions, 18 experts estimated the damage states of these typologies against the impacts of earthquakes and typhoons which are the two most prominent hazards in the region. Our findings provide first-generation fragility functions for Batanes as a step towards more localised risk assessment in the Philippines. More broadly, these functions can be used for typologies identified beyond Batanes where similar structural characteristics are prevalent.
... There is wide uncertainty about the maximum wind speed of Haiyan because the monitoring equipment of the Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) station in Samar was extensively damaged before the eye of the storm made landfall. There are also differences in the reported maximum wind speeds from international monitoring agencies ( Aquino et al. 2014). The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) at 1800 UTC on November 7, 2013 reported that the 1-minute sustained wind speed is around 315 kph, making it one of the strongest typhoons to make landfall in the Philippines. ...
One of the most destructive events, Typhoon Haiyan (Philippine name: Yolanda), made landfall on November 8, 2013 and wreaked havoc as it crossed the Visayas islands due to severe wind and storm surge. This report presents the observed damages due to both wind and storm surge, suggested possible improvements in design and construction detailing to reduce damages, and current research developments in wind engineering.
