Figure - available from: International Journal of Antennas and Propagation
This content is subject to copyright. Terms and conditions apply.
Comparison of power feeding methods. (a) Microstrip line structure. (b) Coplanar waveguide structure.
Source publication
Combined with the classic Chinese window grille structure, this paper proposes and designs a multiband microstrip antenna that can be used in wireless mobile terminal equipment. The antenna radiator adopts a rectangular bending structure with four loops, which increases the effective current path of the antenna radiator in a limited space, so that...
Similar publications
This paper is presented a Compact Wideband Rectangular Microstrip Antenna for the S and C Bands Applications. This proposed antenna has designed by Optimized Defected Ground Structure, tempered feedline as feed technique and superstrate with reflector. These three techniques have been utilized to achieve a wideband, high gain and compactness of the...
Citations
... Однако вопрос верификации результатов применения АОТС в разных системах автоматизированного проектирования рассматривался в [30] при сравнении с полученными результатами МоМ в MMANA-GAL и HFSS. Между тем в бесплатных версиях таких коммерческих программ есть ограничения на количество сегментов, что уменьшает возможные варианты систем, которые можно использовать при сравнении.Важно также учесть возможность применения рассмотренных подходов при изготовлении разреженных антенн, таких как в работах[31][32][33][34][35] и особенно 3D-печатных и печатных антенн[36][37][38][39], а также при проектировании скрытых антенн[40].Заключение В данной работе рассмотрены новые модифицированные подходы, а именно, УАОТС и CБАОТС, для проектирования разреженных антенн. Они описаны и применены на примерах рефлекторной и конической рупорной антенн. ...
Today, it is critical to continually research and improve antenna manufacturing techniques to meet the growing needs of the market. Using the advantages of numerical methods, researchers can extend the boundaries of antenna engineering by creating new and highly efficient antenna structures. In this paper, a preliminary study of two approaches for efficiently modeling and design sparse wire-grid antennas is carried out. The main idea is to create an optimal wire-grid structure that best follows the current paths in the antenna while maintaining its consistency with minimal mass. In addition, this structure can be used in further simulations with less resources and controlled performance accuracy. A parabolic reflector antenna and a conical horn antenna were used to explain the algorithms of the proposed approaches. The measured and calculated results for the equivalent wire-grid structure of these antennas were used for verification. To evaluate the effectiveness of these approaches, their results were compared with the results of other approaches proposed in previous works. The proposed approaches have shown advantages over others, and the optimal approach has been determined. Recommendations for use and future perspectives are given.
... Many efforts have been exerted to achieve multiband behaviour and many techniques have been employed to fulfill the demands of recent wireless communication technologies. Some of the employed techniques to achieve multiband behaviour are a fractal structure [9,10], a complementary split ring resonator metamaterial [11], a window grille cross-structure [12], a meandered offset-feed [13], a split ring resonator and inverted F slots [14], a bowtie slot patch [15], and DGS and DMS [16,17]. An additional capability that can be possibly integrated with the multiband behaviour of the antenna is the reconfigurability which has a vital role in the accomplishment of cognitive radio applications, and it can be carried out using PIN diodes [18][19][20][21], varactor diodes [22], lumped capacitors [23,24], and RF MEMS [25]. ...
In this work, a spectrum-sensing monopole antenna was used to operate in different frequency bands for cognitive radio applications. The proposed antenna consists of a folded monopole antenna with a partial ground plane, and it can be used for various wireless technologies operated at various frequencies from 1.5 to 3.5 GHz. The suggested antenna was printed on a RO4003 substrate with 3.38 permittivity and an overall size of 60 x 60 x 0.813 mm3. To achieve reconfigurability of the antenna, PIN diodes (HPND-4005) were inserted at different lengths along the antenna to obtain the desired performance. The antenna was fabricated and experimentally tested to validate the simulation outcomes, and distinct consistency between the simulation and measurement outcomes was obtained. Computer simulation tool (CST) software was used to design and simulate the suggested antenna and then the model was fabricated to validate the simulation outcomes.
... Each antenna consisted of the same feeder part, but with different designs of the dipole, director, and reflector parts. In [247], the classic Chinese window array structure was combined with a multiband microstrip antenna design that can be used in wireless mobile terminal equipment. The antenna radiator has a rectangular bending structure with four loops, which increases the effective current path of the antenna radiator in a limited space, so that the whole antenna becomes miniaturized. ...
Since the end of the 19th century, radioelectronic devices (REDs) have actively penetrated into all modern community spheres. Achievements in the fields of radio engineering and electronics, as well as computing, information, telecommunications, and other technologies, have greatly contributed to this. The main elements of REDs are antennas and microwave devices. For example, linear (wire) antennas are the basis of long-distance communication agency networks of various law enforcement agencies and departments. The manufacturing of REDs requires the regular and rapid appearance of more and more advanced types with minimal costs. At the same time, the design complexity of REDs and the tightening of EMC requirements caused by the growth of upper frequencies of useful and interfering signals, the mounting density, as well as the capabilities of generators of intentional electromagnetic impacts, together with the need to take into account inter-element, inter-unit, and inter-system interference, require more and more accurate designs of REDs. However, this becomes impossible without computer modeling, which saves the time and financial resources required for their development, as well as to evaluate the correctness of the proposed technical solutions. During the design process, as a rule, a multivariate analysis or optimization of the product is performed. In this case, methods of computational electrodynamics (one of which is the method of moments) are used. They are based on the replacement of continuous functions with their discrete analogues (construction of a grid), which reduces the problem to the solution of a system of linear algebraic equations (SLAE). The problem’s complexity depends on the complexity of the SLAE solution, which is determined by its order (which in turn is determined by the complexity of the simulated object and its surrounding area) and by the number of the required SLAE solutions for each problem (determined by the upper frequency of the signal, the number, and range of the optimized parameters). This dramatically increases the computational cost, which becomes the main constraint for the optimal design. Therefore, reducing the computational cost for the analysis and optimization of RED elements (in particular, linear antennas) is an important scientific problem. Meanwhile, finding new antenna structures that meet all the desired features (low price, required characteristics, manufacturable design with small dimensions and windage, etc.) is no less important today. One of the promise solutions for these problems is using a wire grid and sparse antennas for modeling and constructing antennas. Since the last century, a lot of research has been performed on them. The aim of this paper is to review their history and the main related aspects such as computational, acceleration, and optimization used methods, the fields of their application, and their evolution to this moment. In addition, this paper provides a possible future implementation of wire-grid and sparse antennas from the authors’ point of view by presenting a new method that is under research to obtain effective wire sparse antennas.
... It can be understood from this article that the tapered structure can effectively increase the bandwidth and improve the impedance matching of the antenna and the antenna can be cut in half to achieve miniaturization [17]. Not only that, there are many ways to achieve multiband antennas, including coupling feed technology [18][19][20][21], matching network technology [22,23], and distributed inductive loading technology [24,25]. ...
This article proposes a novel multiband antenna with “C + O” structure, which uses two classic circular letters and combines them. The antenna is suitable for wireless applications such as second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), WLAN, and Bluetooth. The antenna is based on the structural characteristics of the classic monopole antenna. It is a vertical quarter-wavelength antenna. The radiator of the antenna is mainly composed of letters, and the radiator is symmetrical along the feeder line. The antenna radiator is composed of “C + O” structure. The antenna uses a coplanar waveguide feeding method. After actual testing, the antenna covers two frequency bands: 1.82–2.66 GHz and 3.46–3.72 GHz. The center frequency points are 2.06 GHz and 3.68 GHz. The antenna uses FR-4 dielectric material, the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric plate is 4.4, and the actual size of the antenna is 15 × 15 × 1.6 mm³. The test and simulation have good consistency, which verifies that the proposed antenna meets the requirements of various wireless applications.
... Imitating the classical grille structure multiband antenna and combining the unique structure of the classic grille with the theory of antenna design, the changeable pattern inside the grille can make the antenna have multiband performance characteristics. By changing the structure of the window grille, the influence of its structure on the antenna performance is analyzed, and the structure that makes the antenna performance the best is found [3]. e door and window patterns that can be used for antenna design are broadly classified as geometric patterns, tree and flower patterns, animal patterns, and so on. ...
This study proposes and designs a multiband branch antenna with a structure that imitates the Chinese classical pattern structure. The antenna radiator’s structure is a symmetrical rectangular stub fused with a Chinese classical pattern structure, and the rectangular stub is bent so that the outer and inner stubs are coupled to each other to generate multiple frequency bands. Microstrip line feeding is the feeding mode, and the grounding plate is a trapezoidal structure formed by subtracting two triangles from a rectangle. The overall size of the antenna is 60 × 60 × 1.6 mm³, and the dielectric board adopts FR4. The substrate dielectric constant εr = 4.4, the thickness h = 1.6 mm, and the dielectric loss tangent tanδ = 0.02. For antenna modeling and parameter optimization, HFSS electromagnetic simulation software is used. The antenna can cover 1.49 to 1.60 GHz, 1.87 to 2.51 GHz, and 4.63 to 5.34 GHz and generate three main frequencies: 1.57, 2.15, and 5.06 GHz, according to test result. The antenna has omnidirectional radiation characteristics and can be widely used in future mobile communication network coverage.
This study proposes a multiband printed planar antenna with cloud-like grooves. The outer contour of the antenna is shaped like a cloud, and the groove-like pattern is similar to the cloud-like pattern in ancient China. It can support 3G, 4G, 5G, WLAN, Bluetooth, WiMAX, and other applications. Based on the traditional monopole antenna, the antenna combines the advantages of a coplanar waveguide. The antenna uses an Archimedes helix to create grooves that resemble ancient Chinese cloud structures. Three effective frequency bands are obtained. The relative bandwidth of the first frequency band (1.8–2.6 GHz) is 32.7%, covering 5G band n2 (1.85 GHz–1.99 GHz), WCDMA (1.9–2.17 GHz), LTE33-41 (1.9–2.69 GHz), Bluetooth (2.4–2.48 GHz), WLAN (2.4–2.48 GHz), LTE Band40 (2.3–2.4 GHz), ISM Band (2.42–2.4835 GHz), WiMAX (2.3 GHz), and SCDMA (1.88–2.025 GHz and 2.3–2.4 GHz). The second frequency band (3.35–4.1 GHz) has a relative bandwidth of 20.5%, covering LTE42/43 (3.4–3.8 GHz) and 5G band n78 (3.4 GHz–3.8 GHz). The relative bandwidth of the third band (5.5–7.9 GHz) is 40.3%, covering Emergency and Public Protection (5.85 GHz–5.925 GHz) (WRC03). The antenna is printed on a G10/FR4 dielectric board with a size of 1.6∗45∗40 mm3, the dielectric constant is 4.4, and the omnidirectional radiation pattern gain is 0.59–4.14 dBi. The measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The proposed design method is verified to meet the requirements of various wireless applications.
A compact dual-band ram horn-like folded antenna is presented in this work. The antenna is based on a ram horn-like folded strip, asymmetric microstrip feeding (AMF) technique, partial ground, and protruding stub at the ground plane. The dimension of the proposed antenna is 0.11 λg × 0.17 λg at 2.3 GHz (10 × 15 mm²). The proposed shape is achieved through the combination of two circular arcs with different radii. The antenna operates at 2.3 GHz and 5.8 GHz with a measured bandwidth of 100 MHz and 820 MHz, a gain of 0.62 dBi and 2.2 dBi, and radiation efficiency of 93.67% and 99.87%, respectively. The prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured result shows a good agreement with the simulated result. The parametric study of the proposed antenna is performed and results are presented. Besides, a comparative study between the antennas proposed in this work and the state of the art is performed and presented. The proposed antenna is comparatively small in size than all the recently reported works in the literature while ensuring good radiation characteristics. Therefore, the antenna proposed in this work is a better candidate for future portable sub-6GHz fifth-generation (5G), Advance Long-term Evolution (LTE-A), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) applications.
