Table 8 - uploaded by Anil Kumar
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Comparison of mean thickness (m) of the epithelium of the central and peripheral seminiferous tubules in control and experimental rats.
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Deltamethrin, a type II synthetic pyrethroid, has lead to a widespread concern over the potential adverse effects on human health. Adult Wistar albino rats, weighing 150-200 g, were divided into two groups of ten animals each. The group II rats were injected with deltamethrin (1 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally, for five days/week for a month....
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Context 1
... mean long and short diameter of the central sem- iniferous tubules was found to be 319.75 ± 11.74 and 216.97 ± 8.92 m respectively ( Table 7). The mean height of the epithelium of the seminiferous tubule in the periph- eral and central region was measured to be 11.40 ± 0.93 and 19.82 ± 1.48 m respectively ( Table 8). ...
Context 2
... average height of the epithelium in peripheral and central seminiferous tubules was measured and found to be 10.10 ± 2.23 and 18.32 ± 1.53 m respectively (Table 8). ...
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Citations
... 3 -Seminiferous tubule lumen area (µm 2 ) was achieved by obtaining the length and width of the lumen in each tubule, then calculating the lumen area as equal π multiplied by (length/2) 2 and (width/2) 2 . 4 -Seminiferous epithelium area (µm2) was obtained as a difference between the seminiferous tubule surface area and lumen area [25][26][27] . Pixel was converted to µm at 400X magnification with a resolution of 0.25 μm/pixel 28 . ...
Gentamicin induces gonadotoxicity in animal models, accompanied by oxidative stress. This study evaluated the histopathological protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid against gentamicin-induced gonadotoxicity. A parallel experimental study included 50 albino Wister rats, which were divided into 5 groups of ten according to the intraperitoneal intervention: group I received gentamicin, group II received gentamicin plus alpha-lipoic (100 mg/kg), group III received gentamicin plus a double dose of alpha-lipoic acid, group III received gentamicin plus oral vitamin E, and group IV received NaCl 0.9% (control). The animals were equally euthanized on days 15 and 16. Tests were dissected, prepared, and stained using a light microscope for histopathological examination. Rats exposed to gentamicin showed degeneration of seminiferous tubules, characterized by a significant decrease in germinal epithelial cells, impaired Spermatogenesis, and a lack of spermatozoa in the lumen. An improvement in testes of animals co-treated with alpha-lipoic acid or vitamin E, including restoration of Spermatogenesis and epithelial thickness. The histometric analysis also showed that the tubule epithelial thickness decreased when gentamicin was used, but this did not happen when alpha-lipoic acid or vitamin E was added simultaneously. The detrimental effects of gentamicin on testicular architecture are preventable through alpha-lipoic acid or vitamin E co-treatment. Keywords: Alpha-lipoic acid, Gonads, Histometric, Gentamicin, Seminiferous tubule, Spermatogenesis
... 3 -Seminiferous tubule lumen area (µm 2 ) was achieved by obtaining the length and width of the lumen in each tubule, then calculating the lumen area as equal π multiplied by (length/2) 2 and (width/2) 2 . 4 -Seminiferous epithelium area (µm2) was obtained as a difference between the seminiferous tubule surface area and lumen area [25][26][27] . Pixel was converted to µm at 400X magnification with a resolution of 0.25 μm/pixel 28 . ...
Gentamicin induces gonadotoxicity in animal models, accompanied by oxidative stress. This study evaluated the histopathological protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid against gentamicin-induced gonadotoxicity. A parallel experimental study included 50 albino Wister rats, which were divided into 5 groups of ten according to the intraperitoneal intervention: group I received gentamicin, group II received gentamicin plus alpha-lipoic (100 mg/kg), group III received gentamicin plus a double dose of alpha-lipoic acid, group III received gentamicin plus oral vitamin E, and group IV received NaCl 0.9% (control). The animals were equally euthanized on days 15 and 16. Tests were dissected, prepared, and stained using a light microscope for histopathological examination. Rats exposed to gentamicin showed degeneration of seminiferous tubules, characterized by a significant decrease in germinal epithelial cells, impaired spermatogenesis, and a lack of spermatozoa in the lumen. An improvement in testes of animals co-treated with alpha-lipoic acid or vitamin E, including restoration of spermatogenesis and epithelial thickness. The histometric analysis also showed that the tubule epithelial thickness decreased when gentamicin was used, but this did not happen when alpha-lipoic acid or vitamin E was added simultaneously. The detrimental effects of gentamicin on testicular architecture are preventable through alpha-lipoic acid or vitamin E co-treatment. Keywords: Alpha-lipoic acid; Gonads; Histometric; Gentamicin; Seminiferous tubule; Spermatogenesis.
... DLM 1% + Chlorpyriphos 35% EC has been shown to directly or indirectly inhibit sperm production and motility 52) . In another study, the diameter of the seminiferous tubule per unit area decreased and a thickening of the basement membrane was with determined in the histomorphological examination of testicular tissue of rats administered deltamethrin 40) . In another study prepared with a mixture of DLM and dimethoate+DLM in male mice, significant decreases were found in sperm count, viability and motility addition, with a significant increase in spermatozoa with abnormal morphology 1) . ...
... The testes sections were enlarged under high magnification (400×) using a compound microscope. Randomly, 10 seminiferous tubules were selected from each section for the estimation of thickness of the basement membrane around the seminiferous tubules 41 . ...
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from diminished insulin secretion or insulin resistance. The present study evaluated the ameliorative effects of Withaferin-A (WA) on DM-induced reproductive dysfunction in mice. For the same, mice were intraperitoneally injected with Streptozotocin (STZ), (40 mg/kg/day) for 5 consecutive days to induce DM. Mice were then treated with WA (8 mg/kg/day) in normal and diabetic conditions (STZ + WA). Next, blood glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance, intraperitoneal insulin tolerance, oxidative stress and reproductive parameters were estimated. For reproductive performance, immunofluorescent localization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH-I) and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the preoptic area and paraventricular nucleus region of hypothalamus and ERα in testes was performed. STZ-induced diabetes triggered reproductive dysfunctions as mediated by low GnRH-I and ERα in the brain and ERα in the testes along with declined testosterone and estradiol levels. Treatment with WA significantly reduced the blood glucose levels and enhanced glucose clearance accompanied by reduced oxidative stress in the brain, pancreas and testes as indicated by the low levels of H2O2 and MDA in diabetic mice treated with WA (STZ + WA). This study reports, for the first time, that WA can efficiently ameliorate DM-induced reproductive dysfunctions by enhancing endogenous testosterone, estrogen and increased GnRH-I and ERα in the brain and ERα in the testes of DM-induced male mice.
... The seminiferous TA was determined by tracing around the seminiferous tubule using the Fiji freehand selection tool. The average TD and epithelial height were calculated using the minor and major axes measurements [36]. To exclude longitudinal tubules, an average TD was considered only if D1/D2 ≥0.85, a value of D1/D2=1.0 representing a perfectly rounded circle [37]. ...
Alcohol consumption alongside combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has attracted research interest, especially because of increasing male infertility. This study investigated the combined effects of alcohol and cART on testicular morphology, biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Rats, weighing 330-370 g, were divided into four groups of six animals each; control, alcohol treated (A), cART, and alcohol plus cART treated (A+cART). Following 90 days treatment period, animals were euthanized, testis extracted, and routinely processed for histology and immunohistochemical analysis. Significantly decreased epithelial area fraction, increased luminal and connective tissue area fractions, and reduction of epithelial height and spermatocyte number, were recorded in the treated groups compared to control. Extensive seminiferous epithelial lesions including widened intercellular space, karyolysis, and sloughing of germinal epithelium were recorded in all the treated groups. Furthermore, upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, interleukin-6, and caspase 3 recorded in treated animals, was more significant in A+cART group. Also, the levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were more elevated in A and cART treated groups than in A+cART, while MDA was significantly elevated in cART and A+cART treated groups compared to control group. Altogether, the results indicate testicular toxicity of the treatments. It is concluded that consuming alcohol or cART induces oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in testis of rats, which lead to testicular structural and functional derangements, which are exacerbated when alcohol and cART are consumed concurrently. The result will invaluably assist clinicians in management of reproductive dysfunctions in male HIV/AIDS-alcoholic patients on cART.
... All slides were examined by the light electric microscope (LEICA ICC50 W), Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. Quantitative morphometrical analysis: ImageJ software was used for measuring seminiferous tubular diameter and tubular epithelial height in H&E sections [34]. And, for Caspase 3 immunoreactivity, the apoptotic index was assessed: apoptotic (brown) cells expressed as a fraction of the total number of cells in a section [35]. ...
... Therefore, a decreased number of Leydig cells will be followed by a decrease in testosterone level. Testosterone deficiency can disturb the process of spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules (Kaiin et al., 2013), cause degeneration of seminiferous tubular epithelial cells (Zhang et al., 2012), followed by a decrease in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules (Kumar and Nagar, 2014). The massive decrease of the number of cells in the seminiferous and interstitial tubules and the decrease of seminiferous tubules will be followed by decreased testicular weight (Paul et al., 2008). ...
This study aims to determine the effect of red dragon (Hylocereus polyrhizus) fruit peel extract (RDFPE) on the parameters of Leydig cells number, seminiferous tubules diameter, and testicular weight of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to heat (40°C). Twenty adult male mice were divided randomly into five groups. The control group (C) mice only received a placebo. Meanwhile, the treatment groups mice were exposed to heat for 45 minutes daily for 36 days and oral administration of placebo, RDFPE of 250, 500, and 1000mg/kg BW for T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The result showed that heat exposure on mice (T0 group) caused a lower of all of the parameters (p <0.05) than normal mice (control group, C). RDFPE administration at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW (T1 group) and 500 mg/kg BW (T2 group) resulted in a higher value of those parameters (p <0.05) compared to the T0 group. All those parameters of the T2 group (dose of 500 mg/kg BW) were not significantly different (p >0.05) than the control group (normal mice). However, the higher dose of RDFPE (1000 mg/kg BW, T3 group) resulted in the lower values of those parameters (p <0.05) than those of the T2 group. It could be concluded that 500mg/kg BW dose of RDFPE could return Leydig cells number, seminiferous tubules diameter, and testicular weight of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to heat.
... The decreased sperm density in the epididymis was observed in parallel to the reduction in the sperm count, and is confirmatory to the testicular dysfunction induced by DLM. The decrease in the diameter of seminiferous tubules due to administration of DLM was also reported by Andrade et al. (2002), Kumar and Nagar (2014) and Kilian et al. (2007) who attributed this finding to the endocrine disturbance leading to testicular atrophy induced by DLM. Administration of SeNPs provided protection against DLM-induced testicular damage and resulted in improved spermatogenesis; this could be related to their role as antioxidants, as demonstrated by their ability to decrease MDA and increase GPx. ...
Greater understanding of the efficiency of nanoparticles will assist future research related to male reproductive performance. The current study was performed to assess the potency of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in alleviating deltamethrin (DLM)-induced detrimental effects on sperm characteristics, oxidative status, sexual behavior, and the histological structure of the testes and epididymis in male rats. Thirty-two male Wister rats were divided into four groups according to treatment received orally by gavage 3 times/week for 60 days; control, DLM (0.6 mg/kg bwt), SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg bwt), and DLM-SeNPs groups. DLM caused a significant reduction in sperm count, motility, and viability percent, as well as in body weight and serum testosterone level, blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. The DLM-treated group showed a significant increase in blood malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and sperm abnormalities (%), as well as a significant reduction in sexual activity, manifested as an increase in mount, intromission, or ejaculation latency and a reduction in mount or intromission frequency. These toxic effects were confirmed by histological alterations, represented by a significant reduction in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules and spermatogenesis. Conversely, treatment with SeNPs improved DLM-induced negative effects on sperm characteristics, testosterone, and antioxidant biomarkers, as well as behavioral and histopathological alterations. The SeNPs treated group showed improved semen parameters, antioxidant status, and sexual performance. In conclusion, SeNPs may represent an effective treatment for reducing the detrimental effects of DLM on male fertility, and lead to enhanced male reproductive performance.
... The decreased sperm density in the epididymis was observed in parallel to the reduction in the sperm count, and is confirmatory to the testicular dysfunction induced by DLM. The decrease in the diameter of seminiferous tubules due to administration of DLM was also reported by Andrade et al. (2002), Kumar and Nagar (2014) and Kilian et al. (2007) who attributed this finding to the endocrine disturbance leading to testicular atrophy induced by DLM. Administration of SeNPs provided protection against DLM-induced testicular damage and resulted in improved spermatogenesis; this could be related to their role as antioxidants, as demonstrated by their ability to decrease MDA and increase GPx. ...
Greater understanding of the efficiency of nanoparticles will assist future research related to male reproductive performance. The current study was performed to assess the potency of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) in alleviating deltamethrin (DLM)-induced detrimental effects on sperm characteristics, oxidative status, sexual behavior, and the histological structure of the testes and epididymis in male rats. Thirty-two male Wister rats were divided into four groups according to treatment received orally by gavage 3 times/week for 60 days; control, DLM (0.6 mg/kg bwt), SeNPs (0.5 mg/kg bwt), and DLM-SeNPs groups. DLM caused a significant reduction in sperm count, motility, and viability percent, as well as in body weight and serum testosterone level, blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. The DLM-treated group showed a significant increase in blood malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and sperm abnormalities (%), as well as a significant reduction in sexual activity, manifested as an increase in mount, intromission, or ejaculation latency and a reduction in mount or intromission frequency. These toxic effects were confirmed by histological alterations, represented by a significant reduction in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules and spermatogenesis. Conversely, treatment with SeNPs improved DLM-induced negative effects on sperm characteristics, testosterone, and antioxidant biomarkers, as well as behavioral and histopathological alterations. The SeNPs treated group showed improved semen parameters, antioxidant status, and sexual performance. In conclusion, SeNPs may represent an effective treatment for reducing the detrimental effects of DLM on male fertility, and lead to enhanced male reproductive performance
... In contrast with the high-dose of fucoxanthin treatment, CP-induced appears shrunken and decreases the seminiferous tubular diameter. A previous study reported that decreasing the seminiferous tubular diameter was due to germ cells degeneration and reduction [74]. We hypothesized that fucoxanthin successfully protected the germ cells damage from cisplatin by improving the antioxidant function and resulting in normal seminiferous tubular morphology. ...
Oxidative stress is recognized as a common pathology that affects up to half of all men infertile. Fucoxanthin possesses antioxidant activity, and several investigators have reported anti-inflammatory action. This study extracted powder of Sargassum glaucescens by acetone to obtained fucoxanthin rich-brown algae extract (FXE). The objective of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of fucoxanthin extract from Sargassum glaucescens on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophage cells and its protective effects of against Cisplatin (CP)-induced reproductive damage in hamsters. Eighty male Syrian hamsters were injected with and without CP, then daily oral gavage with various concentrations of fucoxanthin for 5 days. Treatment with FXE reduced the level of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde in RAW 264.7 cells and the rats' testis as well as protective effects on mitochondrial membrane potential. The FXE administration also improved testosterone level and alpha-glucosidase activity. The sperm count also increased after treated with FXE, whereas sperm abnormality was reduced. Histopathological analysis showed that FXE successfully improved the seminiferous tubules morphology. According to these findings, fucoxanthin extract from Sargassum glaucescens can be used as an alternative for the treatment of testicular damage.
