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Comparison of aspartate aminotransferase. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were compared between the high (≥300 mm²) and low (<300 mm²) periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) groups. (A) Comparison of the males and (B) females. The box plots show the medians, 25th, and 75th percentiles as boxes and the 10th and 90th percentiles as whiskers. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used.
Source publication
A relationship between periodontitis and liver function has been suggested. Indeed, patients with severe periodontal disease have been found to be more prone to liver dysfunction. The periodontal inflammatory surface area (PISA) has been shown to be a useful indicator of periodontal and systemic diseases. However, little information is available re...
Citations
... Nevertheless, this enzyme is integrated into "the plasma membranes of most cells and organ tissues" [52]. GGT levels are substantially raised among individuals drinking alcohol in excessive quantity and persistently [54,55] and denote the severity of periodontal disease [56,57]. In some studies, the use of alcohol is associated with self-reported periodontal disease, especially among tobacco smokers [58][59][60]. ...
The scientific literature dealing with alcohol and alcoholic beverages revealed that these drinks possess an adverse impact on periodontal tissues. Additionally, other principal risk factors include tobacco, smoking, poor oral hygiene, etc. It has been observed that among chronic alcoholics, there are further issues, such as mental, social, and physical effects, that promote alcoholism. These people may have weak immunity for defense against pathogenic organisms and bacteria. Thus, chances of gingival bleeding, swollen gums, bad breath, and increased bone loss are there. Different alcoholic beverages in the market cause less salivation; these beverages contain sugars that promote acid production in the oral cavity by pathogens that demineralize the enamel and damage gum and teeth. This chronic alcohol consumption can progress into different types of oral disorders, including cancer, halitosis, and caries, and is also associated with tobacco and smoking. Chronic alcohol consumption can cause alteration of the oral microbiome and increase oral pathogens, which lead to periodontal disease and an environment of inflammation created in the body due to malnutrition, diminished immunity, altered liver condition, brain damage, and gut microbiota alteration. Heavily colored alcoholic beverages produce staining on teeth and, due to less saliva, may cause other toxic effects on the periodontium. Over-dependency on alcohol leads to necrotizing lesions such as necrotizing gingivitis, necrotizing periodontitis, and necrotizing stomatitis. These pathological impairments instigate severe damage to oral structures. Therefore, proper counseling by the attending dental surgeon and related health professionals is urgently required for the patient on the basis that the individual case needs to go away from the regular heavy consumption of alcohol.
... Los niveles de ASTsa no correlacionaron con los de ASTse ni con los de IL-6 y TNF-α salivales y séricos. La ASTse proviene principalmente del hígado, pero también proviene de músculo y otros órganos, por lo que niveles elevados en suero se asocian a hepatitis, cirrosis, otras enfermedades del hígado, pancreatitis y mononucleosis (20), por lo tanto, la falta de correlación entre la ASTsa y sérica en este estudio, podrían significar que los niveles de ASTse no representan destrucción celular de otro tejido diferente al periodonto, confirmando este hallazgo Fujji et al. (34) reportan en 173 sujetos mayores de 20 años que los niveles de ASTse no se asociación con inflamación del tejido periodontal. Por otra parte a pesar de reportes sobre la relación de IL-6 y TNF-α salivales y séricos con periodontitis (15,16,18), la falta de relación encontrada en este estudio probablemente es causada por la relación de estas citoquinas con la patogénesis de otras enfermedades bucales como leucoplasia y cáncer (17,22,35) y sistémicas como diabetes y síndrome metabólico (22,23,36). ...
... Esto puede atribuirse a la inflamación persistente en las bolsas periodontales, debido a que el tiempo posterior al tratamiento fue insuficiente (28), por lo que es necesario que el médico integre en su interrogatorio el estado bucodental del paciente. Otra interrogante del presente estudio es que la capacidad diagnóstica solo se realizó con algunas biomoléculas, por lo que es necesaria la comparación con otras biomoléculas que se han asociado con periodontitis como alanina aminotranferasa, gamma glutamiltranferasa, interleucina 1, interleucina 8, interleucina 17 y proteína C reactiva entre otras (14,34,35). Por otra parte, una de las mayores fortalezas del presente estudio es que cada subestudio se realizó en poblaciones diferentes, captadas en diferentes servicios de salud, demostrando que la capacidad diagnóstica de la ASTsa puede contribuir a la interacción multidisciplinaria entre médicos y profesionales de la salud bucal. ...
Introducción: Es necesaria una adecuada interacción multidisciplinaria entre médicos y profesionales de la salud bucodental para disminuir las repercusiones de la enfermedad periodontal. Objetivo: Determinar si aspartato aminotransferasa salival (AST) es mejor biomolécula diagnóstica de periodontitis comparada con AST sérica e Interleucina- 6 (IL-6) y factor de necrosis tumoral-alfa (TNF-α) salivales y séricas. Material y Método: Estudio de metodología mixta, compuesta por dos subestudios, el primero, experimental, comparativo, transversal, retrospectivo para determinar la capacidad diagnóstica de AST, IL-6 y TNF-α salivales y séricas en sujetos sin diagnóstico de periodontitis que acuden al servicio de medicina general y el segundo, experimental, comparativo, longitudinal, para confirmar la capacidad diagnóstica de AST salival (ASTsa), antes y después de tratamiento periodontal en sujetos que acuden al servicio de salud bucodental. El diagnóstico de periodontitis se determinó mediante el índice de Extensión y Severidad (IES). Resultados: Solo los niveles de ASTsa fueron diferentes entre sujetos sin y con periodontitis (p < 0,0005), los cuales correlacionaron con la extensión (r = 0.410, p < 0.0005) y severidad (r = 0.428, p < 0.0005) del IES, y presentaron un punto de corte de 16.0 UI / mL con alta capacidad discriminativa (Área bajo la curva = 0.936, IC 95 %, 0.864 - 1,000; p < 0,001). Además, posterior a tratamiento periodontal los niveles de ASTsa disminuyeron (116.9 ± 76.2. U/L vs 58.8 ± 47.0 U/L, p < 0.001). Conclusión: ASTsa es la mejor biomolécula diagnóstica de periodontitis que podría utilizarse como puente de interacción multidisciplinaria. Palabras claves: Aspartato aminotransferasa salival, periodontitis, interacción multidisciplinaria Título corto: AST salival y diagnóstico de periodontitis.
... However, these approaches often entail discomfort, are time-consuming, and might not be suitable for certain populations, such as children or individuals with dental anxiety [4]. Therefore, the exploration of alternative, minimally invasive diagnostic methods has gained traction, with salivary biomarker analysis at the forefront of this endeavor [5]. ...
Background: Salivary biomarkers have emerged as potential indicators of oral health conditions due to their non-invasive and convenient nature. This study aims to evaluate the association between salivary biomarkers and oral health conditions in a community setting. Aim: The primary aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the relationship between salivary biomarkers and various oral health conditions, including periodontal disease, dental caries, and oral inflammation. By examining these associations, we seek to identify potential biomarkers that could aid in the early detection and monitoring of oral health conditions. Methods: A diverse community-based sample of participants aged 18 to 65 years will be recruited for this study. Salivary samples will be collected and analyzed for the presence of specific biomarkers related to inflammation, microbial activity, and tissue destruction. Additionally, participants' oral health conditions will be assessed through clinical examinations, including periodontal probing, caries index, and evaluation of oral inflammation. Statistical analysis, including regression models and correlation tests, will be employed to determine the associations between salivary biomarkers and oral health conditions. Results: The study findings will provide insights into the potential associations between specific salivary biomarkers and various oral health conditions. The results will be presented in a comprehensive manner, highlighting significant correlations, if any, between biomarker levels and the presence or severity of oral health conditions in the community sample. Evaluation of the association between salivary biomarkers and oral health conditions: a cross-sectional study in a community setting J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol Vol 30(13):e430-e438;25 May 2023.This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International License. ©2023 Muslim OT et al. e431 Conclusion: This cross-sectional study will contribute valuable information regarding the association between salivary biomarkers and oral health conditions in a community setting. The identified biomarkers may hold promise as non-invasive tools for early detection, monitoring, and risk assessment of oral health conditions, leading to improved preventive strategies and better oral healthcare outcomes.
Aim
Apical periodontitis (AP) is the chronic inflammation of the periradicular tissues in response to root canal infection. Whilst AP has been linked with systemic inflammation and noncommunicable diseases, its potential association with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels as surrogate markers of hepatic injury, and the systemic inflammatory burden in otherwise healthy individuals with and without AP diagnosis.
Methodology
Cross‐sectional study. Individuals with AP ( n = 30) and healthy controls ( n = 29) were recruited. The number, mean diameter (mm) and periapical index of the apical lesions of endodontic origin (ALEO) were assessed. ALT and AST levels (pg/mL) were measured through enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The serum levels of TNF‐α, IL‐4, IL‐9, IL‐10, IL‐17A and IL‐22 were evaluated by Multiplex assay. Inferential analysis was performed using t ‐test or Mann–Whitney tests according to data distribution and linear regression models. Data were analysed with StataV16 ( p < .05).
Results
ALT and AST levels were significantly higher in individuals with AP compared to controls ( p < .05). Serum inflammatory biomarkers showed no significant differences between the study groups. Bivariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that AP diagnosis was independently associated with ALT and AST elevations ( p < .05). Additionally, the number of ALEO positively influenced AST levels ( p = .002). IL‐22 on the other hand, was associated with reduced ALT levels ( p = .043).
Conclusion
AP is associated with higher serum hepatic transaminases ALT and AST, potentially contributing to NAFLD physiopathology in young adults.
