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Common names, scientific names, families, origin (native or exotic), and tolerance to exploit urbanized areas (according to Litteral & Wu 2012) of birds observed during the study period in Curitiba city, southern Brazil.
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This paper compares the proportion of urban tolerant birds in the urban avian community and the amount of built-up areas, mostly impervious surface, as indicators of urbanization on patterns of bird species richness in a southern Brazilian city. From September to December 2013 (breeding season), bird surveys were conducted in 120 squares of 100 ha...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... families Icteridae and Picidae can also be highlighted because of their representativeness (5 species each) in the surveys. Among the 102 birds identified, 13 were considered urban tolerant species, including three nonnatives (Rock Dove, Common Waxbill, and House Sparrow) ( Table 1). Effects of urbanization on the avian community in a southern Brazilian city Abilhoa & Amorin not statistical different between low and intermediate urbanized sites (P > 0.05). ...Context 2
... families Icteridae and Picidae can also be highlighted because of their representativeness (5 species each) in the surveys. Among the 102 birds identified, 13 were considered urban tolerant species, including three nonnatives (Rock Dove, Common Waxbill, and House Sparrow) ( Table 1). Effects of urbanization on the avian community in a southern Brazilian city Abilhoa & Amorin not statistical different between low and intermediate urbanized sites (P > 0.05). ...Similar publications
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Background
Dietary specialization should arise when there is a relatively high abundance of a particular resource, where animals may select food items to obtain an optimal diet that maximizes energy intake. Large-bodied psittacines frequently exhibit a narrow dietary niche with specific habitat use, but few studies have determined whether psittacin...
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This book contains the results of the Bódva-valley Bird Ringing Station, with very detailed English and Slovakian summary at the end of the book. Data of almost 30 years was processed. The book dedicates chapter to every bird species studied during this time - short English summaries at the end of chapters. According to the habitats of the study si...
Citations
... For instance, birds are known for their movements between forested patches, depending on the characteristics of the surrounding matrix and the distance between patches (Marini 2010). Some A. angustifolia dispersers have been observed in altered environments, including P. frontalis (Silva et al. 2014), A. pretrei (Torres 2020), P. maximiliani, and Cyanocorax chrysops (Vieillot) (Abilhoa and Amorin 2017). On the other hand, mammals tend to be more susceptible to fragmentation, and while certain species can persist in fragmented areas, such as small rodents, N. nasua, Didelphis albiventris (Lund), Sapajus nigritus (Goldfuss), and Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (L.) (DeMattia et al. 2006;Almeida et al. 2008;Hendges et al. 2017;Rocha et al. 2022), others cannot. ...
Climate change impacts biodiversity through shifts in species distributions and changes in the composition of biological communities. However, the effects of these changes on the spatial association between species are poorly understood. In this study, we examined the effects of climate change on the distribution mismatch between Araucaria angustifolia (araucaria), a critically endangered keystone species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest hotspot, and its community of seed dispersers and predators. Ecological niche models were employed to compare the distribution of A. angustifolia with the projected distributions of its dispersers and predators under two different climate change scenarios. Our projections revealed species-specific responses to climate change, resulting in varying levels of spatial mismatch between A. angustifolia and its dispersers and predators. Notably, significant changes in the spatial mismatch compared to current conditions were projected for 70% of the seed dispersers and 83% of the seed predators. Interestingly, our projections demonstrated a discernable pattern in the changes in richness of dispersers and predators within the distribution range of A. angustifolia, indicating a potential risk of imbalance in seed dispersal and predation in certain regions. Using ecological niche modeling techniques, our study highlights that the climate-driven decoupling of geographical distributions may contribute to the disruption of biotic interactions, with potential implications for the conservation of A. angustifolia and the fauna dependent on its seeds as a food source. These findings emphasize the importance of considering the indirect effects on biotic interactions when assessing the impacts of climate change on biodiversity.
... With the results obtained, we understand that the landscape structures explain high values for the ADI, H and NDSI in more conserved areas (Abilhoa & Amorin, 2017;Blair, 1996;Filloy et al., 2019). We expected this result since areas with intense urbanization show a decrease in diversity and species richness compared with natural areas. ...
... According to our results, urban areas that have native areas or that are close to them tend to generate higher values for the indices ADI, H and NDSI. These results may be an indication that the closer to natural areas, the greater the species diversity (Fuller et al., 2015;Machado et al., 2017;Mammides et al., 2017), which is in line with the results of other studies in different parts of the globe, which have analysed how areas of greater and lesser vegetation cover influence bird richness, diversity and abundance (Abilhoa & Amorin, 2017;Blair, 1996;Clergeau et al., 1998;Joo et al., 2011). In a study in England, for instance, it was shown that urban areas with a large vegetation cover, including parks with native areas and private gardens, tend to have more bird species and the number of individuals (Mason, 2006). ...
... Both Donaldson et al. (2007) and Burton (2007) pointed out that some species prefer urbanized places because food or vegetation cover for refuge or nesting are more available. In this sense, most bird species in urban environments have developed greater ecological plasticity, which makes them more tolerant to environmental changes (Abilhoa and Amorin 2017). However, undeveloped areas in the lagoon may represent refuges and breeding niches for sensitive species, particularly during the migration and wintering period, given the location of the wetland (Berlanga et al. 2019). ...
... We observed that the richness of bird species decreased with the proximity to streets and the increase of urbanization adjacent to the sampling sites, which is consistent with what was reported by Abilhoa and Amorin (2017). In this study, site 11, located in the northwest area of the lagoon, was distinguished by a high percentage of urbanization (55.0%) and by the lowest number of species (11) and sightings (21). ...
En la laguna de las Ilusiones, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México, las especies de aves interactúan con elementos antrópicos del paisaje. Se realizaron avistamientos de aves acuáticas con el método de conteo por punto fijo durante la temporada de secas y de lluvias del año 2020 en 12 sitios de muestreo en la laguna. Se registraron variables urbanísticas, físicoquímicas del agua, de vegetación y de macrohábitats para evaluar su influencia en las aves acuáticas. Se registró un total de 1,134 individuos pertenecientes a 8 órdenes, 12 familias y 25 especies. Las especies más avistadas fueron Ardea alba, Egretta thula y Butorides virescens. La diversidad de especies (índice de Shannon) fue mayor en la temporada de secas (H = 2.40 bits) y menor en la temporada de lluvias (H = 1.89 bits). El análisis canónico demostró que la riqueza de especies disminuyó a medida que incrementó el porcentaje de urbanización en las inmediaciones de los sitios de muestreo.
... Historical records of birds identified 387 native species in the city, and another 30 were considered introduced, exotic, or accidental species (Straube et al., 2014). In Curitiba, there are more than 100 aquatic and terrestrial avian species, as well as migratory birds within the municipal perimeter (Abilhoa and Amorin, 2017). ...
... We used 1-9 to represent the different levels of resistance, with 1 being the lowest and 9 the highest (Table 1). To select parameters to be considered in the evaluation of resistance, literature was consulted concerning the relationship of avifauna with the urban environment (Aronson et al., 2014;Tietzer, 2018;Leveau et al., 2019;Puan et al., 2019;Wellmann et al., 2020;Bhakti et al., 2021), as well as urban riparian areas (Domínguez-López and Ortega-Álvarez, 2014;McClure et al., 2015;Barbosa et al., 2020;Keten et al., 2020;Machar et al., 2021), streets (Pena et al., 2017;Rashidi et al., 2019;Graviola et al., 2022), and urban green spaces (Callaghan et al., 2018;Marlès Magre et al., 2021), particularly in the context of Curitiba (Straube et al., 2014;Amorin, 2015;Abilhoa and Amorin, 2017;Lima, 2017). The values assigned to land use classes were based on studies that used the same or similar method to simulate greenways in urban centers (Teng et al., 2011;Locatelli, 2018;Rudolpho, 2020;Xiu et al., 2020). ...
... On the other hand, urban avoiders are usually migratory, insectivorus, and forest specialists in habitat selection (stenobionts). Urban exploiters are often ecologically flexible generalists (eurobionts) associated with 'open' habitats (Chace and Walsh, 2006;Marzluff, 2016;Abilhaa and Amorin, 2017;Lepczyk et al., 2017). ...
Structure of breeding bird assemblages in the city of Windhoek, Namibia. The line transect method was employed to count birds in four urbanized habitats in the city of Windhoek, Namibia. Most counts were conducted during July-October, in 2012-2014. Twelve transects with a total length of c. 86 km were located in places representing major urban habitats: residential areas (city centre, suburbs in lowland, suburbs in highland, and city periphery), sport fields, and a modern industry area. In total, 80 bird species (excluding Palearctic visitors) were recorded. For all species, I calculated linear population densities and dominance. Six species were classified as dominant: house sparrow, red-eyed bulbul, Southern masked weaver, laughing dove, wattled starling and white-backed mousebird. Their cumulative numerical abundance comprised 54.2 % of all the breeding species. The group of dominant species varied markedly among transects. Granivores were the most important feeding guild, comprising more than half of all birds in Windhoek. Frugivores (26 %) were more numerous than insectivores (19 %). Birds nesting in trees and/or in shrubs comprised two thirds of all birds. Surprisingly, few differences in the structure of feeding and nesting guilds were recorded among the four urban habitats. Windhoek avifauna is similar in dominance structure to avifauna in other southern African cities and towns, where sparrows, doves/pigeons, bulbuls and mousebirds dominate, and with granivores being the main feeding guild. Species richness declines and bird abundance increases along urban gradient (towards the city centre). Resumen Estructura de los conjuntos de aves reproductoras en la ciudad de Windhoek, Namibia. Se empleó el método del transecto lineal para contar aves en cuatro hábitats urbanizados de la ciudad de Windhoek (Namibia). La mayoría de los recuentos se realizaron entre julio y octubre, en el periodo 2012-2014. Se seleccionaron 12 transectos con una longitud total de 86 km aproximadamente en lugares que representaban los principales hábitats urbanos: zonas residenciales (centro de la ciudad, suburbios en tierras bajas, suburbios en tierras altas y periferia de la ciudad), campos de deporte y una moderna zona industrial. En total se registraron 80 especies de aves (excluidos los visitantes paleárticos). Se calcularon las densidades de población lineales y la dominancia de todas las especies. Seis especies se clasificaron como dominantes: gorrión común, bulbul de ojos rojos, tejedor enmascarado 20 Arxius de Miscel·lània Zoològica, 21 (2023): 19-38 Kopij meridional, paloma reidora, estornino pinto y pájaro ratón dorsiblanco. Su abundancia numérica acumulada comprende el 54,2 % de todas las especies reproductoras. El grupo de especies dominantes varió notablemente entre los distintos transectos. Los granívoros fueron el gremio alimentario más importante, con más de la mitad de todas las aves de Windhoek. Los frugívoros (26 %) resultaron más numerosos que los insectívoros (19 %). Las aves que anidan en árboles y/o arbustos representaron dos terceras partes del total de aves. Sorprendentemente, se registraron pocas diferencias en la estructura de los gremios de alimentación y nidificación entre los cuatro hábitats urbanos. La avifauna de Windhoek presenta una estructura de dominancia similar a la de otras ciudades y pueblos del sur de África, donde dominan los gorriones, las palomas, los bulbules y los pájaros ratones, siendo los granívoros el principal gremio de alimentación. A lo largo del gradiente urbano, la rique-za de especies disminuye y la abundancia de aves aumenta hacia el centro de la ciudad. Palabras clave: Ecología urbana, Densidades de población, Comunidades de aves Resum Estructura dels conjunts d'ocells reproductors a la ciutat de Windhoek, Namíbia. Es va utilitzar el mètode del transsecte lineal per comptar ocells en quatre hàbitats urbanitzats de la ciutat de Windhoek (Namíbia). La majoria dels recomptes es van fer entre juliol i octubre, en el període 2012-2014. Es van seleccionar 12 transsectes amb una longitud total de 86 km aproximadament en llocs que representaven els principals hàbitats urbans: zones residen-cials (centre de la ciutat, suburbis en terres baixes, suburbis en terres altes i perifèria de la ciutat), camps d'esport i una moderna zona industrial. En total es van registrar 80 espècies d'ocells (excloent-ne els visitants paleàrtics). Es van calcular les densitats de població lineals i la dominància de totes les espècies. Sis espècies es van classificar com a dominants: pardal comú, bulbul d'ulls vermells, teixidor emmascarat meridional, colom rialler, estornell comú i ocell ratolí dorsiblanc. L'abundància numérica acumulada d'aquestes espècies com-prèn el 54,2 % de totes les espècies reproductores. El grup d'espècies dominants va variar notablement entre els diferents transsectes. Els granívors van ser el gremi alimentari més important, amb més de la meitat de tots els ocells de Windhoek. Els frugívors (26 %) van ser més nombrosos que els insectívors (19 %). Els ocells que nien en arbres i/o arbustos van representar dues terceres parts del total d'ocells. Sorprenentment, es van registrar poques diferències en l'estructura dels gremis d'alimentació i nidificació entre els quatre hàbitats urbans. L'avifauna de Windhoek presenta una estructura de dominància similar a la d'altres ciutats i pobles del sud d'Àfrica, on dominen els pardals, els coloms, els bulbuls i els ocells ratolins. Els granívors són el principal gremi d'alimentació. Al llarg del gradient urbà, la riquesa d'espècies disminueix i l'abundància d'ocells augmenta cap al centre de la ciutat.
... Although some authors (e.g. Silva, 1995;Abilhoa & Amorin, 2017) consider the species as not tolerant to urbanization (i.e. highly dependent on forest habitats), we found the nest in a highly urbanized area at the UFJF campus. ...
Although birds are a well-studied group, the breeding biology of many species is still poorly known, especially in the Neotropical region. This lack of knowledge implies the absence of subsidies for conservation, lack of more reliable data for phylogenetic reconstruction, and for studying the effects of environmental change on these species. In view of this scenario we collected information on the reproduction of 15 bird species in 16 Brazilian locations from February 2003 to December 2021. This article presents new data on the nests, eggs, juveniles/nestlings and/or breeding behavior of Veniliornis spilogaster (Picidae), Philydor atricapillus (Furnariidae), Myiobius barbatus (Onychorhynchidae), Tityra semifasciata (Tityridae), Phylloscartes paulista (Rhynchocyclidae), Phylloscartes oustaleti (Rhynchocyclidae), Elaenia obscura sordida (Tyrannidae), Tyrannus albogularis (Tyrannidae), Cnemotriccus fuscatus (Tyrannidae), Icterus pyrrhopterus (Icteridae), Nemosia pileata caerulea (Thraupidae), Trichothraupis melanops (Thraupidae), Thlypopsis sordida (Thraupidae), Cyanophonia cyanocephala (Fringillidae) and Chlorophonia cyanea roraimae (Fringillidae). We include new data on parental care for six species, descriptions of nests for eight species, and new information on nest building behavior for five species. This data is of special interest for the management of these species and their habitats and for the reconstruction of their phylogenetic relationships.
... The advantage of this selective assessment might be that it is more sensitive to detect processes of biotic homogenization that can be covered by parallel processes of community change and that it allows us to identify underlying causes of UBH, particularly when used in combination with overall quantification of homogenization, as in Lososova et al. (2012). Other approaches use, for example, the proportional change or relative abundance of these indicator species (Abilhoa & Amorin, 2017;Bigirimana et al., 2011). ...
Urbanization is restructuring ecosystems at an unprecedented pace, with complex and profound consequences for life on Earth. One of the hypothesized trajectories of urban ecosystems and species communities is biotic homogenization, possibly leading to very similar species assemblages in cities across the globe. Urbanization can, however, also have the opposite effect: biotic diversification, with cities, at least at the local scale, becoming biologically more diverse, mainly as a consequence of high species introduction rates and habitat diversification. Applying the hierarchy‐of‐hypotheses approach, we systematically map and structure the comprehensive body of literature on the urban biotic homogenization (UBH) hypothesis, comprising 225 individual studies (i.e., tests of the hypothesis) retrieved from 145 publications. The UBH hypothesis is studied at multiple levels with a multitude of approaches and underlying assumptions. We show that UBH is generally used with two very different connotations: about half of the studies investigated a potential increase in community similarity across cities, whereas the other half investigated biotic homogenization within cities, the latter being supported more frequently. We also found strong research biases: (1) a taxonomic bias towards birds and plants, (2) a bias towards small and medium distances (<5000 km) in comparisons across cities, (3) a dominance of studies substituting space for time versus true temporal studies, (4) a strong focus on terrestrial versus aquatic systems, (5) more extraurban (including periurban) areas than natural or rural ecosystems for comparison to urban systems, (6) a bias towards taxonomic versus functional, phylogenetic, and temporal homogenization, and (7) more studies undertaken in Europe and North America than in other continents. The overall level of empirical support for the UBH hypothesis was mixed, with 55% of the studies reporting supporting evidence. Results significantly differed when a natural/nature reserve, an extraurban, or rural/agricultural area served as reference to infer biotic homogenization, with homogenization being detected least frequently when urban systems were compared to agricultural, i.e., other anthropogenically influenced, study sites. We provide an evidence map and a bibliographic network and identify key references on UBH with the goal to enhance accessibility and orientation for future research on this topic.
... Although the dynamic of JaneLives compromised the application of a sampling design able to detect richness differences without compromising the robustness of statistical analysis, our results suggest that, in general, urban bird feeders in Brazil are used by fewer species than feeders located in non-urban landscapes. This result meets expectations for urban areas, where bird richness is less than in non-urban areas (Abilhoa and Amorin 2017;Leveau et al. 2017;MacGregor-Fors and Garcia Arroyo 2017). However, we believe that many other factors not monitored in our study may influence the occurrence of species at Brazilian feeders (e.g., other landscape features, the quality of provisioned food, urbanization level, distance from natural ecosystems, and latitude), which would better explain the variations of species' occurrences at feeders around the country. ...
Many studies have shown the positive and negative impacts of feeding wild birds using feeders; however, none of them
considered case studies in Brazil. In 2020, social isolation measures imposed by COVID-19 boosted Brazilians’ interest in
bird feeders, encouraging a group of birders to create an event (called JaneLives) to broadcast simultaneous live images of
feeders across the country. Using the structure of JaneLives and relying on volunteers, we investigated which species visit
Brazilian bird feeders, and discussed the effectiveness of our opportune citizen science initiative implemented during this
event. Forty-eight feeders (19 urban and 29 non-urban) included in six biomes were sampled during nine JaneLives sessions
(May–November 2020). The audience watched 133 species, 104 of which were visiting feeders. Non-urban feeders (n = 94)
had higher richness than urban feeders (n = 68), but there were shared and unique species in both strata. Thraupidae, Turdidae,
small, and medium birds (< 90 g) were the most common at the feeders. Owners of 23 feeders did data sampling at least
once, while the other 25 feeders were sampled by 25 online birders (94.8% of their bird records were reliable). The narration
that accompanied each JaneLives session enabled the audience to learn about Brazilian birds and increased environmental
awareness. Audience numbers declined over the events, but the number of online birders was not affected. Ecolodges and
parks that broadcasted their feeders received new clients afterwards. The events generated social interaction and pragmatic
discussions about the usage of feeders, indicating that our citizen science initiative has potential for future research
... In South America, studies about the impact of urbanization on bird assemblages are concentrated in the Pampas region and Northeastern region of Argentina (Leveau and Leveau 2004;Germain 2008;Garaffa et al. 2009;Filloy et al. 2015;Bellocq et al. 2017), in the Rainfall-Valdivian Forest of Chile (Silva et al. 2015(Silva et al. , 2016, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil (Brummelhaus et al. 2012;Abilhoa and Amorin 2017), and in the Puna of Bolivia (Villegas and Garitano-Zavala 2010). All of these studies reported a significant loss of bird species richness with increased urbanization. ...
Most studies about the impact of urbanization on bird assemblages are from the Northern Hemisphere and most previous research has reported that cities reduced bird species richness and favored the settlement of exotic bird species. However, most of these studies took place in large cities and few of them were focused on riparian environments. The aim of our study was to investigate how richness and abundance of riparian birds change along the urban-rural gradient of Esquel, a small city in Patagonia. We established two rural riparian sites upstream, two urban riparian sites and two rural riparian sites downstream, and set up six point counts in each site. We counted birds twice (once in November 2013 and January 2014) and sampled vegetation coverage at each point count location. We used GLMMs to analyze data. Bird species richness decreased from rural to urban sites while bird abundance increased. Omnivores thrived in the city whereas insectivores and insectivore-frugivores were abundant in rural sites. Birds species richness was associated with plant species richness, while abundances of insectivores and insectivore-frugivores birds were related to shrub coverage and foliage height diversity. Our study highlighted that small cities can modify bird communities in the same way as large cities, thus policies for conservation of birds should be created to coincide with urbanizations. We recommend planting native species in all urban green spaces and informing citizens about the benefits of this action. If everybody collaborates, conservation of native birds in developing areas of Andean Patagonia will be possible.
... So, the spatial heterogeneity in a city may also shape patterns of bird richness (Abilhoa & Amorin, 2017;Silva, García, Estay, & Barbosa, 2015). Under this reasoning, our main hypothesis is that the amount of impervious surface would be the main driver of species richness, having negative effects on the richness of all bird functional groups, except for omnivore's species. ...
... Impervious surface is one of the main drivers shaping bird communities in cities, reducing species abundance and richness through direct changes in resources and habitat (Bellocq et al., 2017;Lepczyk et al., 2017b). In our study, impervious surface was responsible for negatively affecting overall bird richness and richness of all functional groups, a result that agrees with previous studies and our hypothesis (Abilhoa & Amorin, 2017;Sacco et al., 2015). We found that impervious surfaces in urban landscapes creates an inhospitable environment for most birds that depend on forest-specific resources, such as trees for woodcreepers (Dendrocolaptidae), and nesting sites for species that depend on cavities in deadwood (Picidae, Ramphastidae, Psittacidae). ...
