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Color pattern variation of Bactrocera depressa: (A–C) variation of scutal pattern; (D–F) variation of abdominal pattern in females. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
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The genus Bactrocera Macquart, currently comprising over 650 described species, is the most economically significant fruit fly genus with at least about 50 species considered to be pests of agricultural and quarantine importance. As a part of effort to investigate both agricultural and quarantine Bactrocera pests in Korea, the present study aims at...
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... spot anterior to transverse suture in front of lateral postsutural yellow vitta; dark area usually completely fills up between mid and lateral vittae; dark area behind postpronotal lobe with considerable variation in coverage ( Fig. 3A-C); postpronotal lobe yellow; scutellum yellow with both basal and apical setae; yellow mesopleural stripe reaching midway between anterior margin of notopleuron and anterior notopleural seta dorsally; legs largely yellow, but fore tibia often with dark postero-basal tinge and hind tibia often with dark basal and apical tinge; wing ...
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... Bactrocera depressa shows substantial color pattern varia- tion (see Fig. 3 based on Korean specimens). The lectotype male from Japan (description and illustration provided by Drew and Romig (2013) -erroneously indicated that it is from Taiwan, but the label description clearly says it is from "Kisofutussima, Nagano", Japan) seems to show the scutal pattern fairly similar to Fig. 3C, and the abdominal pattern ...
Context 3
... color pattern varia- tion (see Fig. 3 based on Korean specimens). The lectotype male from Japan (description and illustration provided by Drew and Romig (2013) -erroneously indicated that it is from Taiwan, but the label description clearly says it is from "Kisofutussima, Nagano", Japan) seems to show the scutal pattern fairly similar to Fig. 3C, and the abdominal pattern to Fig. ...
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... Fig. 3 based on Korean specimens). The lectotype male from Japan (description and illustration provided by Drew and Romig (2013) -erroneously indicated that it is from Taiwan, but the label description clearly says it is from "Kisofutussima, Nagano", Japan) seems to show the scutal pattern fairly similar to Fig. 3C, and the abdominal pattern to Fig. ...
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... suggest that Zeugodacus bezzianus Hering, is a new synonym of B. depressa, because its color pattern also falls within the conspecific variation range (similar to Fig. 3B, D vs. Fig. 280 of Drew and Romig, 2013; the photograph of the holotype in Natural History Museum Data Portal -http://data.nhm.ac.uk/ as of 21th of August 2017). In addition, they do share the distinct tri-lobed aculeus tip (Fig. 4H) as well as al- most identical DNA barcode sequences. Currently BOLD SYSTEMS (www.boldsystems.org; as of 12th August ...
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Citations
... The measurement of specimens and image processing was performed using scale ruler software (Lumenera INFINITY1 -3C, Canada). The classification of insect species was based on the morphological characteristics compared to the classification keys according to several previous studies [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12]. ...
Twenty-six species of insect pests belonging to thirteen families, eight orders were identified after the surveys in some gardens of the water apple (Syzygium samarangense) in Hoa An Commune of Caolanh city, Dongthap province, Southern Vietnam. Some species of the pests, e.g., Aleuroclava aucubae, Trialeurodes lauri, Trichopsocus clarus, are new recorded in Vietnam. The oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis is one of the major pest species devastating the water apple. Rainfall is a factor comprehensively influencing the population fluctuation of the oriental fruit fly. The pest population was exploded in the dry season, but reduced remarkably in the rainy season. The fruiting period from February to April was regarded as another major factor influencing the oriental fruit fly population in that area. The results provide scientific data for establishing practical management strategy for the fly under the particular geographical and climatic conditions, especially for the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis.
... The striped fruit fly Zeugodacus scutellatus (Hendel, 1912) (Diptera: Tephritidae), a herbivorous insect distributed in China, Korea, Taiwan, and Japan, but not in Hokkaido (White and Elson-Harris, 1992;Guang-qin et al., 1993;Yang et al., 1994;Han et al., 2017), is regarded as an agricultural pest in some areas. For instance, damage to pumpkins in Korea has been attributed to this fly (Kim et al., 2010). ...
... tau are ca. 6.1 mm (Jaleel et al., 2018), which almost overlaps those of Z. scutellatus (Han et al., 2017). We classified larvae with body size of ≤3.0 mm as second instar, and larger individuals as third instar. ...
... We classified larvae with body size of ≤3.0 mm as second instar, and larger individuals as third instar. After eclosion, we identified species according to their external morphology described by Han et al. (2017). ...
Abstract: The main host parts of the striped fruit fly Zeugodacus scutellatus (Diptera: Tephritidae) are buds of male flowers on wild cucurbit plants. However, host use of Z. scutellatus on female flowers has been reported only on cultivated cucurbits. This note describes that Z. scutellatus eggs and larvae were found on female flowers of wild cucurbit Trichosanthes kirilowii var. japonica. We conducted field collection of T. kirilowii var. japonica in Shiga Prefecture and investigated whether they contained eggs or larvae of Z. scutellatus. At all study sites, Z. scutellatus was found on collected female flowers of T. kirilowii var. japonica. The density of Z. scutellatus on female flowers was found to be comparable to that for male flowers. These findings indicate that female flowers of T. kirilowii var. japonica are also host parts. The distribution patterns of Z. scutellatus was different depending on developmental stages of flies. Eggs were laid on female bud petals. Larvae move from petals toward ovaries as they grow, and third instar larvae fed on ovaries. The frequency of female flowers contained multiple Z. scutellatus individuals in blooming flowers was lower than in buds, only 1%. This rarity suggests that interference competition among larvae observed in male flowers also exists in female flowers.
Zeugodacus scutellatus の主な寄主は野生のウリ科植物の雄花であるが， 栽培植物においてはウリ科植物の雌花も利用することが ある。本研究では，野生のウリ科植物の雌花に対するミス ジミバエの寄主利用について調べた． 滋賀県内で採集した キカラスウリ Trichosanthes kirilowii var. japonica の雌花か ら， 雄花の場合と同程度の密度のミスジミバエが見つかっ たことから， キカラスウリの雌花はミスジミバエの寄生部 位の一つであることが示された．また、ミスジミバエが見 つかる場所はその発育ステージによって変わり， 卵はつぼ みの花弁でのみ見つかり， 孵化後 3 齢まで発育した幼虫は 子房を摂食していた．さらに，開花した雌花から複数の個 体が見つかることはほぼなく， 雄花で観察されている幼虫 間闘争が雌花においても発生している可能性が示唆され た．
... It is necessary to control the fruit fly population and maintain the balance of the ecosystem so that the quality and quantity of plant production remain good. To control the pests, the use of yellow traps with methyl eugenol as bait can be applied because it does not leave harmful residues (Han et al., 2017;Kumbara et al., 2018;Hodiyah et al., 2019). ...
This research aims to get information about the species of host plants and fruit flies, composition and structure of community, distribution pattern, and impact of environmental factors to fruit flies in Campus C, Airlangga University. Research was conducted from August to November 2019. A modification of Steiner trap with methyl eugenol 1.5 ml bait was installed in nine sites. Each Steiner trap was placed on a mango tree 1-2 meters above ground level. Trapped fruit fly specimens were collected after one week. Four replications were made, with intervals between two periods of installation. As many as 682 host plants of the fruit flies were found at the study site consisting of 25 species from 15 families. Results showed that 1121 individuals of Bactrocera fruit flies were found, consisting of 6 species, namely B. carambolae, B. dorsalis, B. minuscula, B. papayae, B. occipitalis, and B. musae. The most abundant species was B. carambolae (62.8%), followed by B. dorsalis (22.8%), B. minuscula (8.4%), B. papayae (4.5%), B. occipitalis (1%), and the lowest was B. musae (0.5%). B. occipitalis has an even distribution pattern, while five other species have aggregated distribution patterns. The diversity index at nine locations ranged from 0.855 (low) to 1.328 (moderate). B. carambolae and B. dorsalis were the dominant species. The presence of fruit flies was influenced by environmental (humidity, temperature, sunlight intensity, wind) and host plant factors.
... ,Han et al. (2017),Srinivasa et al. (2017),Alam et al. (2018) and Pham Van Lam (2013). ...
Insect pests that damage Dai Loan mango trees were preliminarily surveyed in some regions in Cao Lanh city, Dong Thap Province, Vietnam. The results of the survey recorded twenty-nine species of insect pests belonging to sixteen families, and five orders. Bactrocera dorsalis (fruit fly), Idioscopus nitidulus (leafhopper) and Deanolis albizonalis (fruit borer) were very abundant, while Alcidodes frenatus had the lowest numbers in all surveyed sites. A number of insect pest species that were observed attacking mango in other places in Vietnam were not found in our surveys. However, fifteen species of insect pests were noted in this study, but they have not been found in other places. The results reported here highlight some insect pests attacking Dai Loan mango that have not been recorded before.
... As a model species of tephritid fruit flies for this study, we used Z. scutellatus, which is distributed throughout Japan, but not in Hokkaido, China, Korea or Taiwan (Guang-qin, Hancock, Wei, & Fan, 1993;Han, Choi, & Ro, 2017;White & Elson-Harris, 1992;Yang, Carey, & Dowell, 1994). The main hosts are cucurbit male flower buds (Han et al., 2017) and stem galls of wild gourds (Miyatake, Kuba, & Yukawa, 2000) produced by a gall midge species (Lasioptera sp., Cecidomyiidae). ...
... As a model species of tephritid fruit flies for this study, we used Z. scutellatus, which is distributed throughout Japan, but not in Hokkaido, China, Korea or Taiwan (Guang-qin, Hancock, Wei, & Fan, 1993;Han, Choi, & Ro, 2017;White & Elson-Harris, 1992;Yang, Carey, & Dowell, 1994). The main hosts are cucurbit male flower buds (Han et al., 2017) and stem galls of wild gourds (Miyatake, Kuba, & Yukawa, 2000) produced by a gall midge species (Lasioptera sp., Cecidomyiidae). Zeugodacus scutellatus had been classified as a member of the genus Bactrocera (Vargas, Piñero, & Leblanc, 2015). ...
Tephritid fruit flies are important pests of fruits and vegetables worldwide, but few studies have examined their ecology and life history in their native range because non‐adult individuals of closely related species are morphologically indistinguishable. To identify non‐adult individuals collected from host plants, flies examined in earlier studies were painstakingly reared to adulthood. Using Zeugodacus scutellatus Hendel as a model species, this study established a simple DNA extraction and purification method based on loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction for on‐site molecular identification of non‐adult fruit flies. The non‐adult individual body fluids were sampled using a sterilized toothpick and then diluted in TE buffer and heated for a short time. Alternatively, eggs were crushed in TE buffer using a sterilized toothpick and then heated. After heated buffer was added to the LAMP reaction mixture as template DNA and the mixture was heated for incubation of polymerase, the LAMP reaction detected the amplified DNA of Z. scutellatus. This purification method, characterized by heating after dilution with TE buffer, is simple and rapid. Our purification method, which obviates large centrifuges, thermal cyclers, and other apparatus, provides lower‐cost and better on‐site molecular identification of non‐adult fruit flies than methods described in earlier reports. The LAMP‐based molecular identification technique and our purification method are particularly useful for studying quarantined pest organisms that cannot be removed from their native areas.
... The distributional overlap of Dacini species with neighbouring countries shows that the diversity of fruit flies in Taiwan is a composite of influences from surrounding areas and some species that likely evolved on the island (Merckx et al. 2015, Vargas et al. 2015. With 30 species, it is relatively rich in Dacini, for example compared to South Korea, which has only three species (Han et al., 2017). There is also a high rate of endemism, with at least six species that are found only on Taiwan, 20% of the diversity. ...
Taiwan is at the northeastern limits of the Asian center of diversity for fruit flies in the tribe Dacini, and the country has several endemic species. Between 2013 and 2015, we surveyed the diversity of dacine fruit flies in Taiwan using kairomone baited traps and found 15 species. We report four species for the first time in Taiwan and figure them: Bactrocera nigrifacia (Zhang, Ji, & Chen 2011), B.rubigina (Wang & Zhao 1989), B. dorsaloides (Hardy & Adachi 1954) and B. bhutaniae (Drew & Romig 2013). For the species that are classified as pests, we explored how their spatial distribution correlates with elevation. The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel 1912), is the most abundant pest on the island, but decreases sharply in abundance at higher elevations. Other pest species occur in much smaller numbers and respond differently to elevation and latitude. We also re-evaluated all records of previously recorded species and add our records to provide a checklist with 30 species of Dacini that occur in Taiwan. All species are regarded as native, six are endemic, and seven are agricultural pests. Historical records were georeferenced and plotted on maps along with records from the 2013-2015 survey to collate all known distribution data. We briefly discuss the state of knowledge of the fruit flies in Taiwan and how the distribution and host usage of Dacini may change in the future. Finally, considering the economic importance of the group, our understanding of their diversity and distributions is surprisingly poor.
... Capparidacus is known only from Capparaceae and Zeugodacus only from Cucurbitaceae flowers (primarily male buds), with occasional records of B. scutellata also from cecidomyiid galls on cucurbit stems (Han et al. 2017). Javadacus is known primarily from fruit of Cucurbitaceae, with a few species recorded only from fruit of Celastraceae, Loganiaceae or Euphorbiaceae. ...
... With the exception of B. cucurbitae from Phaseolus and Vigna (Fabaceae) and B. zahadi from Adenia (Passifloraceae), non-cucurbitaceous records, plus those of B. (Z.) scutellata from fruit (see Han et al. 2017), are minor or unusual and at least some are likely to be either secondary infestations of fruit already infested by other species or sampling errors. Records of single specimens of B. trilineata from pumpkin flowers (Tsuruta et al. 1997) and B. ...
... Although the Zeugodacus group is evidently monophyletic, its current recognition as a genus is based solely on two now falsified assumptionsa sister-group relationship with Dacus and shared Cucurbitaceae host plants (see above). No suitable morphological synapomorphy has been found to define the Zeugodacus group and subgeneric status (as also retained by Jiang et al. 2016 andHan et al. 2017) remains the best option. At present, it is definable morphologically solely on plesiomorphic or homoplasious characters (primarily the long posterior surstylus lobe, also seen in Ichneumonopsis and some Dacus species); these are suitable for use at the subgeneric level but are not sufficient for generic status. ...
The Bactrocera Macquart subgenus Zeugodacus Hendel is reviewed using morphological, biological, biogeographical and molecular data. As a result, three subgenera are recognised. Zeugodacus s.s. [= Pacifodacus Drew, Papuodacus Drew and Niuginidacus Drew, syns n., plus Hemigymnodacus Hardy] contains 60 species that are known or suspected to breed in the flowers of Cucurbitaceae. Javadacus Hardy is redefined to contain 85 species known or suspected to breed primarily in the fruit of Cucurbitaceae and includes the major pest species B. cucurbitae (Coquillett), B. tau (Walker) and B. depressa (Shiraki). Capparidacus subgen. n. is proposed for six species (B. fereuncinata Drew & Romig, B. gavisa (Munro) [type-species], B. isolata (Hardy), B. juxtuncinata Drew & Romig, B. ujungpandangiae Drew & Romig and B. uncinata Drew & Romig) known or suspected to breed in the fruit of Capparaceae. Bactrocera (Sinodacus) quasiinfesta Drew & Romig is transferred from subgenus Zeugodacus and a revised definition of Sinodacus Zia is provided. Keys to subgenera of the Zeugodacus group and species of Capparidacus and Sinodacus are included. An evolutionary scenario is discussed. © 2018, Entomological Society of Queensland. All rights reserved.
... The striped fruit fly, B. scutellata (Diptera: Tephritidae), infests the flower buds of pumpkin, squash, and other cucurbitaceae plants in Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan (Han, Choi, & Ro, 2017;Jeon et al., 2012;Y. P. Kim et al., 2010;Miyatake, Kuba, & Yukawa, 2000;Mun, Bohonak, & Roderick, 2003;Ovtshinnikova, 2012). ...
Here, we report that the olfactory attraction of the striped fruit fly, Bactrocera scutellata (Hendel; Diptera: Tephritidae), a serious pest of pumpkin and other cucurbitaceae plants, to cue lure and raspberry ketone is mediated by the maxillary palps. The antennae, bearing three morphological types (basiconic, trichoid, and coeloconic) of olfactory sensilla, in male and female B. scutellata exhibited significant electroantennogram (EAG) responses to a plant volatile compound, 3‐octanone, and methyl eugenol, whereas cue lure, raspberry ketone, and zingerone that are known to attract several other species of Bactrocera fruit flies elicited no significant EAG responses from both sexes. In contrast, maxillary palps, housing one morphological type of basiconic sensilla, displayed the largest electropalpogram (EPG) responses to cue lure followed by raspberry ketone among the five compounds tested in male and female B. scutellata, with only minor EPG responses to 3‐octanone, which indicates that the maxillary palps are responsible for detecting cue lure and raspberry ketone in this species. In field trapping experiments, significant number of male B. scutellata were captured in the traps baited with cue lure or raspberry ketone, in which the attractiveness of cue lure was significantly higher than that of raspberry ketone. Methyl eugenol and zingerone were not behaviorally attractive to B. scutellata although they elicited significant EPG responses. Our study indicates that the behavioral attraction of B. scutellata to cue lure and raspberry ketone is mediated by the olfactory sensory neurons present in the maxillary palps.
... Tephritid larvae are mostly phytophagous including some of the most significant pests of agricultural and quarantine importance (White and Elson-Harris, 1992). As a result of an extensive survey of the family Tephritidae in South Korea, we have recognized 101 species and 55 genera up to date (Han, 2016;Han et al., 2017). ...
... Even though, in Korea, there are a good number species of the plant tribe Cardueae and small scale cultivation of safflower plants for medicinal purpose, A. helianthi appears extremely rare. Our extensive collecting effort for the fly family Tephritidae has doubled the number of recognizes species over last 20 years (currently 101 species and 55 genera in Korean fauna; Han, 2016;Han et al., 2017), but only a single A. helianthi female was collected so far. We therefore believe that any possibility of A. helianthi obtaining pest status in Korea is minimal. ...
Acanthiophilus helianthi (Rossi) (safflower fly) is known to host a wide range of plant species belonging to the tribe Cardueae (Asteraceae). It is also known as a serious pest of safflower in the dry regions and marginal areas of the world where safflower is an important oilseed crop. Due to its possible introduction to Korean peninsula, it is listed as a managed quarantine pest by the Korean Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency. We here report a natural occurrence of A. helianthi for the first time in Korea, based on a single female specimen collected from northern part of South Korea. Since the discovery of A. helianthi is of agricultural and quarantine importance in this part of world, we here provide its detailed morphological redescription, diagnosis, and color photographs including genitalic structures for accurate identification. We also provide a brief account of its biology and pest status summarized from previous literature. In order to make sure the correct identification of the newly discovered Korean specimen of A. helianthi as well as to investigate systematic position of the genus Acanthiophilus, we conducted a DNA barcoding analysis. Finally, we here suggest that A. helianthi should be removed from the Korean quarantine pest list, since its natural occurrence in Korea is confirmed by the present study.
... The source data is, for a large part, comprised of regional treatments , with additions and revisions from more recent studies , Yu et al. 2012, Hancock and Drew 2015, Hendrichs et al. 2015, Schutze et al. 2015b, David et al. 2016, Freidberg et al. 2017, Han et al. 2017. Species included in the list are ordered alphabetically by genus. ...
The correct application of the scientific names of species is neither easy nor trivial. Mistakes can lead to the wrong interpretation of research results or, when pest species are involved, inappropriate regulations and limits on trade, and possibly quarantine failures that permit the invasion of new pest species. Names are particularly challenging to manage when groups of organisms encompass a large number of species, when different workers employ different philosophical views, or when species are in a state of taxonomic flux. The fruit fly tribe Dacini is a species-rich taxon within Tephritidae and contains around a fifth of all known species in the family. About 10% of the 932 currently recognized species are pests of commercial fruits and vegetables, precipitating quarantines and trade embargos. Authoritative species lists consist largely of scattered regional treatments and outdated online resources. The checklist presented here is the first global overview of valid species names for the Dacini in almost two decades, and includes new lure records. By publishing this list both in paper and digitally, we aim to provide a resource for those studying fruit flies as well as researchers studying components of their impact on agriculture. The list is largely a consolidation of previous works, but following the results from recent phylogenetic work, we transfer one subgenus and eight species to different genera: members of the Bactrocera subgenus Javadacus Hardy, considered to belong to the Zeugodacus group of subgenera, are transferred to genus Zeugodacus; Bactrocera pseudocucurbitae White, 1999, stat. rev., is transferred back to Bactrocera from Zeugodacus; Zeugodacus arisanicus Shiraki, 1933, stat. rev., is transferred back to Zeugodacus from Bactrocera; and Z. brevipunctatus (David & Hancock, 2017), comb. n.; Z. javanensis (Perkins, 1938), comb. n.; Z. montanus (Hardy, 1983), comb. n.; Z. papuaensis (Malloch, 1939), comb. n.; Z. scutellarius (Bezzi, 1916), comb. n.; Z. semisurstyli (Drew & Romig, 2013), comb. n.; and Z. trilineatus (Hardy, 1955), comb. n. are transferred from Bactrocera to Zeugodacus.
