(Color online) 2D evolution of the magnetic moments calculated by OOMMF for SmCo(10 nm)/Fe(20 nm)/SmCo (10 nm), where the six states corresponds to the six marked points in the hysteresis loops shown in Fig. 2. The demonstrated moments locate at the middle plane of the soft layer, which respond to the applied field fast. (a) H = 14 kOe, the magnetizations orient roughly at the applied field direction before the nucleation; (b) H = −1 kOe, the magnetizations at the corners deviate more than 30º away from the previous saturation state at the nucleation point; (c) H = −3 kOe, the magnetization deviations at the top and bottom edges enhance after the nucleation; (d) H = −6 kOe, where the change of the magnetizations at the edges lag behind (e) H = −8.6 kOe, right at the coercive point; (f) H = −13 kOe, magnetic reversal completed. The adopted ratio is 1:5 for presentation, i.e., one displayed magnetic moment at the figure stands for 5 × 5 calculated moments.

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... in the Film Plane Fig. 4 shows the 2D evolution of the magnetizations with the applied field for a SmCo(10 nm)/Fe(20 nm)/ SmCo(10 nm) trilayer. These in-plane magnetic distribu- tions calculated by the 3D OOMMF, are located at the middle of the soft layer (z = 0), which response to the applied field fast. At H = 14 kOe, the magnetizations at the corners of the ...

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... field for a SmCo(10 nm)/Fe(20 nm)/ SmCo(10 nm) trilayer. These in-plane magnetic distribu- tions calculated by the 3D OOMMF, are located at the middle of the soft layer (z = 0), which response to the applied field fast. At H = 14 kOe, the magnetizations at the corners of the film deviates slightly from the applied field direction as shown in Fig. 4(a). However, most magnetizations still orient roughly at the applied field direction, demonstrating a state before the nucleation. The Fig. 2. The demon- strated moments locate at the middle plane of the soft layer, which respond to the applied field fast. (a) H = 14 kOe, the magnetizations orient roughly at the applied field direction ...

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... average magnetization of the system is 113 emu/cc, which is roughly the saturation magnetization of the system, as shown in Fig. 2. When the field decreases to 1 kOe (Fig. 4(b)), the magnetizations at the corners deviate more than 30º away from the previous saturation direction, whereas those at the center still orient at the saturation direction. This field corresponds to the nucleation field of the system. Such deviations will enhance and spread nearby through the exchange interaction upon the further ...

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... center still orient at the saturation direction. This field corresponds to the nucleation field of the system. Such deviations will enhance and spread nearby through the exchange interaction upon the further decrease of the applied field. As the field decreases to −3 kOe, obvious deviation can be observed at the top and bottom edges as shown in Fig. 4(c). In particular, the magnetizations at the corners deviate roughly 50º away from the the previous saturation direction already, whereas those at the center still orient at the previous saturation direction. As a result, the corresponding macroscopic magnetization is 107 emu/cc. Further decrease of the applied field will lead to the ...

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... deviate roughly 50º away from the the previous saturation direction already, whereas those at the center still orient at the previous saturation direction. As a result, the corresponding macroscopic magnetization is 107 emu/cc. Further decrease of the applied field will lead to the rotation of the magneti- zations at the center. At H = −6 kOe ( Fig. 4(d)), almost all magnetizations within this film plane are perpendicular to the previous saturation direction Note that at this point, the response of the magnetizations at the edges with the applied field lag behind those at the centers, which have a deviation of roughly 60º only. This state is still some distance away from the coercivity ...

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... centers, which have a deviation of roughly 60º only. This state is still some distance away from the coercivity of the system, as the magnetizations in the hard layer are still at the previous saturation state. The corresponding average magnetization is 512 emu/cc, as displayed in Fig. 2. The system will reach the coercive point at H = −8.6 kOe (Fig. 4(e)), where all the magnetizations in the middle plane of the soft layer orient at 120º away from the previous saturation direction. Further decrease of the applied field will lead to the saturation of the system. At Fig. 4(f), the trilayer saturates at H = −13 ...

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... average magnetization is 512 emu/cc, as displayed in Fig. 2. The system will reach the coercive point at H = −8.6 kOe (Fig. 4(e)), where all the magnetizations in the middle plane of the soft layer orient at 120º away from the previous saturation direction. Further decrease of the applied field will lead to the saturation of the system. At Fig. 4(f), the trilayer saturates at H = −13 ...