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Background
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivation is highly challenged by faba bean black root rot disease (Fusarium solani) in high lands of Ethiopia. To ensure sustainable production of faba beans, searching for eco-friendly disease management options is necessary to curb the progress of the disease timely. The indigenous biocontrol agents that su...
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Citations
... Besides Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. putida, and P. aeruginosa in the Pseudomonas clade are important resources for developing biological control agents [15]. Over the following two decades, dozens of members of the P. aeruginosa species have been isolated and identified as biocontrol strains [16][17][18][19][20][21]; however, there have been no reports on the biocontrol application of P. aeruginosa against FCR. ...
... P. aeruginosa, a conditional pathogen, causes infections in both animals and humans [55]. However, a series of rhizospherederived P. aeruginosa strains with remarkable biocontrol efficacy have been isolated and identified in recent years [16][17][18][19][20][21]56]. These strains can produce various metabolites that antagonize plant pathogens. ...
Fusarium crown rot (FCR) in wheat is a prevalent soil-borne disease worldwide and poses a significant threat to the production of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in China, with F. pseudograminearum being the dominant pathogen. Currently, there is a shortage of biocontrol resources to control FCR induced by F. pseudograminearum, along with biocontrol mechanisms. In this study, we have identified 37 strains of biocontrol bacteria displaying antagonistic effects against F. pseudograminearum from over 8000 single colonies isolated from soil samples with a high incidence of FCR. Among them, QY43 exhibited remarkable efficacy in controlling FCR. Further analysis identified the isolate QY43 as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, based on its colony morphology and molecular biology. In vitro, QY43 significantly inhibited the growth, conidial germination, and the pathogenicity of F. pseudograminearum. In addition, QY43 exhibited a broad spectrum of antagonistic activities against several plant pathogens. The genomics analysis revealed that there are genes encoding potential biocontrol factors in the genome of QY43. The experimental results confirmed that QY43 secretes biocontrol factor siderophores and pyocyanin. In summary, QY43 exhibits a broad spectrum of antagonistic activities and the capacity to produce diverse biocontrol factors, thereby showing substantial potential for biocontrol applications to plant disease.
... In recent years, the intricate web of interactions among beneficial rhizobacteria, phytopathogenic fungi and plants has emerged as a focal point in phytopathological research (Dugassa et al., 2021;Shahbazi et al., 2023;Simonetti et al., 2018). Understanding these complex interactions is pivotal, not only for unravelling the underlying mechanisms governing disease management but also for harnessing the potential of beneficial microbes in promoting plant growth. ...
Fusarium crown rot (FCR) poses a significant threat to wheat crops, causing substantial grain loss and mycotoxin contamination. While chemical fungicides have been effective in controlling this disease, the need for environmentally friendly alternatives is paramount due to concerns about human health and fungicide resistance. This study delves into the efficacy of Pseudomonas plecoglossicida (NR_114226) as a plant growth‐promoting and biocontrol agent against Fusarium graminearum (ON685926) and Fusarium pseudograminearum (ON687723). Greenhouse experiments demonstrated a significant reduction in disease severity by 66.06% through seed treatment with this rhizobacterial strain in soil already infested with fungal pathogens. Moreover, significant growth enhancement occurred in F. pseudograminearum ‐infected seedlings treated with P. plecoglossicida (F4 + P57), increasing plant height from 13.8 to 33.1 cm and root length from 9.56 to 19.62 cm, with notable improvements in fresh and dry weights. The study further validated these findings through enzymatic assays and analysis of synthesized secondary metabolites, including chitinase, protease, hydrocyanic acid, indole acetic acid, phosphate solubilization and siderophore production. These results strongly suggest that P. plecoglossicida has the potential to serve as an effective biocontrol agent against soilborne cereal pathogens.
... According to Al-Ghafri et al. (2020) [21], out of seven strains isolated from compost, two isolates, both belonging to P. aeruginosa species, showed the highest efficacy in suppressing phytopathogens. This species was also effective against Fusarium solani [22]. Thus, P. aeruginosa was considered an important factor in obtaining bacterial-fungal composition in this study. ...
... It should be noted that recent studies have mentioned increased antagonistic activity when bacterial-fungal consortia are used. This is effective for Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera [3,[22][23][24][25][26]. However, there has been no research on Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Aspergillus used in conjunction to increase disease-suppressiveness of compost. ...
... In such communities, the dominant roles of Bacillus spp. and micromycetes are often noted [22][23][24][25][26]. For example, Kwok et al. (1987) [3] reported that Pseudomonas genus bacteria showed antagonistic activity only in combination with Trichoderma genus fungi, and Rajeswari (2019) [25] found that this combination inhibited pathogens best. ...
Given their numerous positive characteristics, composts are widely used agriculturally in sustainable development and resource-saving technologies. The management of phytopathogen-suppressive potential and the fertilizing capacity of composts are of great interest. This study examines the impact of introducing the autochthonous compost species Bacillus subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Aspergillus corrugatus, both individually and in combination, to composts containing dry matter comprising 36% solid compost and 7% compost suspensions to study their phytopathogen-suppressive and phytostimulation activity. The test phytopathogens were Clonostachys rosea, Penicillium solitum, and Alternaria alternata. This is the first report on compost’s potential to biologically control C. rosea and P. solitum. Classical microbiological and molecular biological methods were used to evaluate the survival rate of microorganisms in compost and validate these results. Test plant (Raphanus sativus) germination indexes were determined to evaluate the phytotoxic/phytostimulation effects of the substrates. To assess the effectiveness of biocontrol, mycelial growth inhibition was measured using in vitro tests. The introduction of composition increased the composts’ fertilizing properties by up to 35% and improved antagonistic activity by up to 91.7%. Autochthonous bacterial–fungal composition can promote resistance to fungal root and foliar phytopathogens and raise the fertilizing quality of compost.
... The length of microconida was from 5.96 to 10.3 μm ( Figure 1D). These morphological features were consistent with those described by Wanjiku et al. (2020) and Dugassa et al. (2021) for Fusarium solani. Molecular analysis revealed that the coding sequence for the internal transcribed spacer had a homology of 98.8% with that of sequence MN523174.1 of Fusarium solani reported by Rivedal et al. (2020). ...
... Los macroconidios midieron 20 a 40 μm de largo, fueron delgados, ligeramente curveados y cada macroconidio presentó tres septos (Figura 1C) Los microconidios midieron de 5.96 a 10.3 μm de largo (Figura 1D). Estas características morfológicas fueron consistentes con las descritas por Wanjiku et al. (2020) y Dugassa et al. (2021) para Fusarium solani. ...
Little is known on the use of biodegradable films for the control of diseases in crops of agricultural importance. Consequently, the objective of this work was to determine the efficacy of chitosan hybrid films impregnated with thyme essential oil on Hass avocado fruits previously infected with Fusarium solani isolated from the northeastern highlands of Puebla, Mexico. The native strain of F. solani was morphologically and molecularly identified and the fungistatic activity of three chitosan films supplemented with 0.7% (FT1), 1.0% (FT2) and 1.3% (FT3) of thyme essential oil
was evaluated in situ on the growth of F. solani in avocado fruits. Texture, transmittance and opacity of the films were obtained by scanning electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectrometry, respectively. Overall, it was recorded that films with a higher concentration of thyme essential oil (1-1.3% w/v) presented lower transmittance in the UV light range and higher opacity. Avocado fruits infected with F. solani simultaneously treated with FT2 and
FT3 reduced the appearance of symptoms while preserved firmness, as well as fiber, fat, reducing sugars, and protein content (p < 0.01). In the same context, these materials promoted the conservation of the content of the nutraceuticals linoleic acid,
oleic acid, palmitic acid and palmitoleic acid for 21 days. These results suggest that the hybrid films generated in the present study have the ability to control fusariosis caused by this fungus, prolonging the shelf life of Hass avocado fruit.
... The CgCG-2 isolate gave greater mycelial growth and lytic enzyme production than the MSB control. Synergism between metabolites of Pseudomonas with that of the lytic enzymes of Trichoderma in antifungal activity has been previously reported (Woo et al., 2002;Dugassa et al., 2021). Among the treatments, increased mycelial growth and lytic enzyme production were observed for MSB amended with heat-treated cells of both of the rhizobacteria. ...
Bioconsortia, based on Chaetomium globosum (isolate CgCG-2), Pseudomonas putida (PpTS-1), Bacillus subtilis (BsS2BC-1), and Trichoderma harzianum (ThS17TH), were designed to develop eco-friendly alternatives for biocontrol of vascular wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). In vitro compatibilities of microbes in these consortia were assessed for growth, antagonism, and biocontrol-related gene expression. In these bioassays, the biocontrol isolates had positive interactions for the tested parameters. In pot experiments, seed and soil applications of culture suspensions of five different isolate mixtures were assessed, in comparisons with individual isolates, for efficacy in vascular wilt control after challenge inoculations with Fol under polyhouse conditions. Compared to experimental controls, the biocontrol isolate mixtures reduced vascular wilt incidence and promoted plant growth. PpTS-1 + CgCG-2 + ThS17TH was the most effective microbial consortium, giving 71% reduction of Fusarium wilt incidence compared to non-treated controls. This reduced incidence increased plant growth by 135%. Upregulation of genes encoding for allene oxide cyclase, pathogenesis-related proteins 3, and 5, and β-1,3-glucanase in tomato plants indicated that the reduction in vascular wilt by the consortia could be partly plant-mediated. This study provides new insights into the development of microbial-based consortia for the biocontrol of vascular wilt in tomato.
... D'un autre côté, Plusieurs champignons saprophytes exercent une bioprotection contre les agents phytopathogènes, ou d'autres parasites animaux intervenant ainsi dans la lutte biologique tels que Trichoderma sp. (Bouanaka et al., 2021 ;Dugassa et al., 2021). (Nelson et al., 1983 ;Leslie et Summerll, 2008). ...
... Un test de compatibilité a été réalisé entre les souches microbiennes les plus performants in vitro en utilisant un essai de double culture mentionné par Dugassa et al. (2021 l'inoculum bactérien a été ajusté à la concentration finale de 10 8 cellules/ml (Minchev et al., 2021). Dans le cas de l'inoculum fongique, la souche de Trichoderma gamsii a été inoculée sur un milieu PDA. ...
... After a week of incubation at 28 °C. Percentage (%) of radial mycelial growth inhibition was calculated according to the following formula (Dugassa et al. 2021), ...
... and Colletotrichum spp. (Tian et al., 2016(Tian et al., , 2018Saravanakumar et al., 2017;Debbi et al., 2018;Li et al., 2018;Bubici et al., 2019;Filizola et al., 2019;Herrera-Téllez et al., 2019;Álvarez-García et al., 2020;Andrade-Hoyos et al., 2020;Carro-Huerga et al., 2020;Damodaran et al., 2020;Zhang et al., 2020Zhang et al., , 2021Al-Askar et al., 2021;Chen et al., 2021;Degani and Dor, 2021;Dugassa et al., 2021;Intana et al., 2021;Zhang C. et al., 2022;. Trichoderma has been widely used for the biological control of cotton verticillium wilt, crop gray mold, tomato gray mold, melon wilt, potato dry rot, tobacco root rot, and other plant diseases (Rashmi et al., 2016;Andrade-Hoyos et al., 2020;Alfiky and Weisskopf, 2021;Lazazzara et al., 2021;Leal et al., 2021;Manganiello et al., 2021;Degani et al., 2021a;Pollard-Flamand et al., 2022;Rees et al., 2022;Risoli et al., 2022). ...
... Risoli et al. (2022) found that the growth rate of T. harzianum was 2.0 to 4.2 times faster than that of B. cinerea. Trichoderma mycelium competed with Fusarium graminearum by clinging, twining, inter-penetration, and other mechanisms, which caused the mycelium of F. graminearum to deform and eventually disappear (Dugassa et al., 2021). Trichoderma can capture water and nutrients, occupy space, and consume oxygen, etc. through rapid growth and reproduction, to weaken and exclude the gray mold pathogen in the same habitat (Herrera-Téllez et al., 2019). ...
Trichoderma is mainly used to control soil-borne diseases as well as some leaf and panicle diseases of various plants. Trichoderma can not only prevent diseases but also promotes plant growth, improves nutrient utilization efficiency, enhances plant resistance, and improves agrochemical pollution environment. Trichoderma spp. also behaves as a safe, low-cost, effective, eco-friendly biocontrol agent for different crop species. In this study, we introduced the biological control mechanism of Trichoderma in plant fungal and nematode disease, including competition, antibiosis, antagonism, and mycoparasitism, as well as the mechanism of promoting plant growth and inducing plant systemic resistance between Trichoderma and plants, and expounded on the application and control effects of Trichoderma in the control of various plant fungal and nematode diseases. From an applicative point of view, establishing a diversified application technology for Trichoderma is an important development direction for its role in the sustainable development of agriculture.
... After a week of incubation at 28 °C. Percentage (%) of radial mycelial growth inhibition was calculated according to the following formula (Dugassa et al. 2021), ...
... Compatibility test was performed between the two microbial strains (P58 and T2) using dual culture essay according to Dugassa et al. (2021). ...
Fusarium crown rot is the major soil-borne disease of wheat and occurs throughout cereal producing areas of the world including Algeria. This study evaluated 10 bacterial and fungal strains, originating from Algeria as potential biological control agents against three soil-borne phytopathogens responsible for Fusarium crown rot of wheat (Fusarium pseudograminearum ON687723, F. graminearum ON685926 and F. equisti MK361175). All benificial microbial strains tested inhibited the pathogens mycelial growth in vitro. Isolate P58 (Pseudomonas azotoformans NR_113600) was the most effective antagonist against all the test pathogens in direct confrontation assay, and exhibited average of 70% growth inhibition of Fusarium spp. Isolate T2 (Trichoderma gamsii MK361138) proved suppression efficacy in the range of 61.87 to 71.64% toward plant pathogens. Under greenhouse conditions, wheat seeds treated with isolate P58 and T2 separately reduced the severity of crown rot disease significantly and improved the growth parameters of wheat seedlings as compared to control. The combined use of Pseudomonas azotoformans and Trichoderma gamsii increased the effectiveness of the antagonists and promoted wheat growth. Thus, it can be concluded that these strains can be utilized as a biocontrol agent for management of soilborne cereal pathogens.
... Microbial active products can be used as ideal alternatives to chemically synthesized antifungal agents to improve the quality of agricultural products (Abdalla, 2016). Several major bacteria, including Bacillus , Pseudomonas (Dugassa et al., 2021), Trichoderma (Hasan et al., 2021), Lactobacillus (Muhialdin et al., 2020) and Streptomyces (Passari et al., 2016(Passari et al., , 2020, have been demonstrated to be effective in controlling pathogenic fungi and decreasing the incidence and severity of diseases. Bacillus has received extensive attention as an agricultural biological control agent because of its ability to simultaneously fight plant pathogens and promote plant growth (Shafi et al., 2017). ...
... Biological control is an effective measure to address root rot. Dugassa has indicated that Trichoderma and Pseudomonas strains can be used against bean black root rot disease caused by Fusarium solani (Dugassa et al., 2021). Treating soybeans with a strains of B. subtilis HSY21, screened from rhizosphere soil, have been found to inhibit soybean root rot caused by F. oxysporum by 63.83 and 57.07% in greenhouse and field conditions, respectively (Han C. Y. et al., 2021). ...
Fusarium root rot (FRR) caused by Fusarium graminearum poses a threat to global food security. Biological control is a promising control strategy for FRR. In this study, antagonistic bacteria were obtained using an in-vitro dual culture bioassay with F. graminearum. Molecular identification of the bacteria based on the 16S rDNA gene and whole genome revealed that the species belonged to the genus Bacillus. We evaluated the strain BS45 for its mechanism against phytopathogenic fungi and its biocontrol potential against FRR caused by F. graminearum. A methanol extract of BS45 caused swelling of the hyphal cells and the inhibition of conidial germination. The cell membrane was damaged and the macromolecular material leaked out of cells. In addition, the mycelial reactive oxygen species level increased, mitochondrial membrane potential decreased, oxidative stress-related gene expression level increased and oxygen-scavenging enzyme activity changed. In conclusion, the methanol extract of BS45 induced hyphal cell death through oxidative damage. A transcriptome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in ribosome function and various amino acid transport pathways, and the protein contents in cells were affected by the methanol extract of BS45, indicating that it interfered with mycelial protein synthesis. In terms of biocontrol capacity, the biomass of wheat seedlings treated with the bacteria increased, and the BS45 strain significantly inhibited the incidence of FRR disease in greenhouse tests. Therefore, strain BS45 and its metabolites are promising candidates for the biological control of F. graminearum and its related root rot diseases.
... One concern about the use of BCA in the field is precisely the introduction of species in the environment, which is why some studies are focusing on using local BCA strains [231]. Nonetheless, another option to avoid the use of whole microorganisms is the use of elicitor agents. ...
Biocontrol agents (BCA) have been an important tool in agriculture to prevent crop losses due to plant pathogens infections and to increase plant food production globally, diminishing the necessity for chemical pesticides and fertilizers and offering a more sustainable and environmentally friendly option. Fungi from the genus Trichoderma are among the most used and studied microorganisms as BCA due to the variety of biocontrol traits, such as parasitism, antibiosis, secondary metabolites (SM) production, and plant defense system induction. Several Trichoderma species are well-known mycoparasites. However, some of those species can antagonize other organisms such as nematodes and plant pests, making this fungus a very versatile BCA. Trichoderma has been used in agriculture as part of innovative bioformulations, either just Trichoderma species or in combination with other plant-beneficial microbes, such as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Here, we review the most recent literature regarding the biocontrol studies about six of the most used Trichoderma species, T. atroviride, T. harzianum, T. asperellum, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, and T. viride, highlighting their biocontrol traits and the use of these fungal genera in Trichoderma-based formulations to control or prevent plant diseases, and their importance as a substitute for chemical pesticides and fertilizers.
