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In order to enhance consumers’ experience of online shopping and to reduce their unnecessary car trips for offline shopping, a new mode, namely, establishing the virtual-shopping-experience store, is proposed in this paper. A bi-level programming model is then built with the aim of optimizing the location of the virtual-shopping-experience stores....
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... denotes the number of chromosomes in the population). For each chromosome, the coding method is shown in Figure 3. The sub-steps for generating a chromosome are as follows. ...