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The electrical properties of many materials are closely related to their composition and to their moisture content in particular. For sensor development, characterising the response of a particular volume of material over a broad frequency range is desirable, since separate measurements could generate errors due to spatial variability. A coaxial pr...
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... of a teflon dielectric creates difficulties in obtaining a sufficiently flat face at the tip of the probe [7]. The design of the probe is shown in Figure 1 where the inner and recommendations of [8] and [9] so that it was a sufficiently accurate approximation to an infinite ground plane. An insulating collar made from cross-linked polystyrene was used to locate the centre conductor, and provide a measurement plane between the conductors. ...
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Citations
The extraction, separation and purification of actinides (uranium and plutonium) from various matrices are an important step in nuclear fuel cycle. One of the separation process adopted in an industrial scale is the liquid-liquid extraction or solvent extraction. Liquid-liquid extraction uses a specific ligand/extractant in conjunction with suitable diluent. Solvent extraction or liquid-liquid extraction, involves the partitioning of the solute between two immiscible phases. In most cases, one of the phases is aqueous, and the other one is an organic solvent. The solvent used in solvent extraction should be selective for the metal of interest, it should have optimum distribution ratio, and the loaded metal from the organic phase should be easily stripped under suitable experimental conditions. Some of the important physical properties which are important for the solvent are density, viscosity, phase separation time, interfacial surface tension and the polarity of the extractant.
The aim of this paper is to provide a panoramic view of recent advancements for the micromachined biosensors. In terms of different sensing principles, three categories of biosensors that have attracted much attention in recent decade are reviewed, which are electrochemical biosensors, microcantilever biosensors, and dielectric spectroscopic biosensors. Each type of biosensors has certain advantages and weaknesses, for example electrochemical biosensors can be easily integrated with readout circuits as they directly output electronic signals; microcantilever based biosensors are a label free sensing technique; dielectric spectroscopic biosensors provide a truly non-invasive sensing technique. All of above sensing techniques are compared in this paper based on previous published literatures. This paper will serve as a useful resource to help biosensor designers choose the most appropriate technology to meet their requirements.
