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The southern hilly mountains are rich in natural resources and are one of the important ecological security barrier zones in China. However, the disturbance of the ecosystem caused by human activities has led to a differentiated character of spatial ecosystem services. Such spatially differentiated characteristics have not been well studied, and th...
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... this study, the Hot Spot Analysis tool of ArcGIS was used to calculate and identify hot spot and cold spot with statistically significant ESV in Ruijin City from 2000 to 2020, see Figure 6. The high and low values in the figure are not simply scores according to the high or low level of a particular attribute of the data, but the spatial clustering of high and low values is calculated. ...
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The extent to which landscape spatial patterns can impact the dynamics and distribution of biodiversity is a key geography and ecology issue. However, few previous studies have quantitatively analyzed the spatial relationship between the landscape pattern and habitat quality from a simulation perspective. In this study, the landscape pattern in 203...
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... To date, a large number of studies have explored the horizontal and regional differentiation characteristics of urbanization's impact on ecosystem services through data description and quantitative analyses [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and have proven that altitude factors may have potential impacts on urbanization and ecosystem services [25][26][27][28][29], but the specific law of urbanization's impact on ecosystem services under altitude gradient is still unclear. However, studies have shown that mountains account for up to 33% of the world's land area and are home to 26% of the world's population, 27% of which is urban [5]. ...
... The relatively high costs of land development and utilization in shallow and deep mountain areas have further expanded the negative impacts of urbanization, and deep mountain areas with low urbanization levels are more affected by this process. This is consistent with the results obtained by Xie et al. [28] by assessing the spatio-temporal changes in the value of ecosystem services in mountain areas, finding that mountainous areas with higher ecological environmental quality are more likely to be affected by construction activities. To date, a large number of studies, taking Beijing as a research area, have obtained the same views from the perspectives of the social-ecosystem vulnerability relationship in mountain areas and the ecological vulnerability of mountain forests [54][55][56][57]. ...
Rapid urbanization has made mountain development an important means to alleviate the shortages of construction land on plains, which has significantly affected regional ecosystem services. In-depth research on the impact of urbanization on ecosystem services under altitude gradients is of great significance to clarify the relationship between the two. Based on data from 2000, 2010 and 2020, the urbanization level and ecosystem services of the study area were evaluated. The spatial correlation of ecosystem services was analyzed by Moran’s I. A spatial Durbin model (SDM) was selected to fit the regression. The results show that (1) from 2000 to 2020, the ecosystem services in the study area displayed obvious regional characteristics and aggregation characteristics; (2) in plain areas, the indirect effects of economic, population and land urbanization have a greater negative impact, and compared with shallow mountain areas, deep mountain areas are more negatively affected by economic urbanization and land urbanization; and (3) the significant difference in regression results reflects the rationality of using the spatial Durbin model, as in this paper, and proves the scientific nature of regional coordinated development. The research results provide a reference for the future coordinated development of regional economies and environments.
... Since equivalent factors for ecosystem services vary across regions, we established an equivalent factor table, which was done by comparing the grain yield per unit area in the research area to the national grain yield per unit area [41]. To account for price fluctuations over the years, we used the average grain yield per unit area from 2011 to 2021 and the average grain price in 2021 to estimate the economic value of grain yield per unit area during the research period [42]. The correction coefficient and value calculation are presented in Equations (3)-(5), where β represents the correction coefficient over the years, k denotes the grain yield per unit area in the BTH region (kg/ha), and K represents the grain yield per unit area nationwide (ha/kg). ...
Territory space is an ecological resource carrier and place for human development. Human activities and ecological systems are the basis of ecological product supply. Promoting territory spatial protection and governance by improving the ecological products supply is very important. In this study, we established an ecological products supply capacity evaluation index system involving three types of ecological products, i.e., ecological environmental products, ecological material products, and ecological cultural products. For the case of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, we comprehensively used principal component analysis, equivalent factor method, and entropy method to evaluate the supply capacity of the ecological products from 2011 to 2021. Then, we analyzed the spatio-temporal pattern combining the natural breakpoint and quantile classification methods and analyzed the obstacle factors using the obstacle degree model of ecological supply. The results show that the supply capacity of different ecological product in each city are closely related to ecological resource endowment. The supply capacity of ecological products exhibited an upward trend, with the highest ecological environmental products supply, relatively smaller ecological material product supply, and the largest growth rate for ecological cultural product supply. The supply capacity of different ecological products varied across cities over time and displayed noticeable spatial differentiation. The main obstacle factors included eco-land, eco-tourism, eco-leisure, park green space, and fishery products, although there were variations among cities. Finally, based on the level, spatial-temporal pattern, and obstacle factors of ecological product supply, we proposed strategies for territory spatial protection and governance from the perspectives of integrated protection of elements, structural regulation, and systematic governance. The results reflected the ecological functional heterogeneity of territory space, which can provide spatial planning guidance for sustainable development.
The abandonment of cultivated land in southern China was gradually obvious. This research aims to provide a reference for solving the abandonment of cultivated land in hilly regions and promote rural development in China. We examined Longnan county located in the hilly regions of southern China as an example, where abandoned cultivated land is very common. We analyzed its land use data with a field survey to identify the abandoned cultivated land and geospatial characteristics. From the two aspects of social and natural factors, we analyzed the factors driving cultivated land abandonment with the help of Geodetector. The results showed that in 2019, the total area of the abandoned cultivated land in Longnan county was 4,962.35 hm2, covering 39.51% of this region. Among the topographic factors, the abandonment rate is positively correlated with elevation and slope gradient, but not with slope direction. Among the land parcel conditions, the abandonment rate is positively correlated with the access to road network and cultivation distance from settlement. At the county level, the abandonment of cultivated land in study area was affected by multiple factors, among which, the direct factor was the reduction in the labor force, such as the decrease of farming laborers and the increase of female population, which made farming unsustainable. Changes in production factors also promoted transformations in farmers’ motivation to engage in production, such as the decrease of grain crops and the increase of cash crops, which was the indirect factor affecting cultivated land abandonment. The development of the rural nonagricultural industry affected farmers’ enthusiasm, such as the decrease of farming households, which was the fundamental factor leading to cultivated land abandonment in this area.
