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... dendrogram resulting from UPGMA based on 16 variables is represented in Fig. 4. The figure shows that all investigated taxa fall into 2 clusters at 98.5% dissimilarity levels. The first cluster, labeled as "a", consists of O. discedens and O. roussaei linked at 36.5% dissimilarity level. The second cluster labeled as "b", divided into two subclusters including all the remaining four taxa, linked at 65% ...
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... & Chalk (1979) pointed out that the number and size of the cystolith-like bodies varies at different times of the year and according to the amount of calcareous material in the soil for the members of Boraginaceae. According to the UPGMA cluster analyses, the studied Onosma species are divided into two major groups at 98.5% dissimilarity levels (Fig. 4). The first, labeled "a", comprises of O. discedens and O. roussaei, the second, labeled "b", contains all remaining taxa. Riedl (1978) indicated that O. discedens and O. tenuiflora were closely related taxa in terms of indumentum type of leaves, but anatomical results presented in this study do not support this view. As seen in Fig. 4, ...
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... levels (Fig. 4). The first, labeled "a", comprises of O. discedens and O. roussaei, the second, labeled "b", contains all remaining taxa. Riedl (1978) indicated that O. discedens and O. tenuiflora were closely related taxa in terms of indumentum type of leaves, but anatomical results presented in this study do not support this view. As seen in Fig. 4, these 2 taxa differ from each other mainly by the average row number of collenchyma, the rate between phloem and xylem on stem, mesophyll structure and stoma index. This means that anatomical traits can be useful to distinguish these two ...
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... subgroup labeled "c" consists of only O. tenuiflora, the second subgroup labeled "d" includes the rest of the examined taxa. Türkmen (2006) reported that O. tenuiflora was separated from the other species in group "b" in terms of morphological and palynological properties. This view is correlated with our results obtained from UPGMA. As seen in Fig. 4, O. aucheriana, O. roussaei and O. rigida, which are phenetically related taxa (Riedl 1978), take place in the different group based on the anatomical traits. These three taxa are easily separated by means of the rate of cortex/stem and spongy tissue/mesophyll, stoma index and average row number of the palisade parenchyma beneath the ...
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Citations
... Leaf epidermal characters are generally considered to depend mostly on environmental conditions and less on taxonomic values (Darók et al. 2000;Yentür 2003). However, recent studies demonstrated that leaf surface features (presence, distribution and type of stomata, stomatal density, and stomatal index) have been used as diagnostic characters for systematic studies in many plant genera (Makbul et al. 2011(Makbul et al. , 2016Güven et al. 2013;Güven 2017). Keating (1982) reported that the stomata were located on both surfaces (amphistomatic) in the Chamaenerion and Epilobium members. ...
In the present study, the anatomical features of stem, leaf, and fruit of 22 Epilobium L. and 4 Chamaenerion Séguier taxa were studied using light microscopy with the aim to find out taxonomically significant characters for the examined taxa. Principal component analysis indicated that the row number of collenchyma, presence of periderma and phloem fibers in the stem, the shape of midrib and idioblast, leaf type, and the shape of fruit in cross section are the most valuable anatomical traits delimiting the investigated taxa at generic and partly specific level. Additionally, the dendrograms resulted from unweighted pair-group method supported to describe members of Chamaenerion with circular or cordate midrib, equifacial leaf, cylindrical idioblast, and pericarp composed of T-form lobes and circular or rectangular central column and Epilobium with semicircular midrib, bifacial leaf, circular idioblast, and pericarp composed of m-form lobes and rectangular central column.
... Güven et al. [39] investigated the anatomical characteristics of the six Onosma L. taxa in Turkey (Boraginaceae). They reported the phloem / xylem ratio in the stem, the area covered of the cortex, the number of layers of collenchyma, the number of palisade and spongy parenchyma layers in the leaves and stoma index as useful characters in the separation of Onosma taxa. ...
In this study, anatomical, ecological and trichome morphology features of Symphytum bornmuelleri and Symphytum aintabicum were compared and identified their valuable features taxonomically. These species are endemic Euxine and East Mediterranean element of Turkey and have limited distribution. Anatomical investigations of taxa were made using light and stereo-microscopes. In anatomical investigaions, the cross-sections were taken from root, stem and leaves of species, and the surface-sections were taken from upper and lower surfaces of leaves. S. bornmuelleri and S. aintabicum have bifacial leaves in terms of mesophyll structure. Stomata were observed on both upper and lower surfaces of the leaves. Stomata are anomocytic type in S. bornmuelleri, while stomata were anomocytic and anisocytic types in S. aintabicum. Straight and hooked eglandular trichomes in different sizes and capitate glandular trichomes with different number of stalk cells and head part, were seen on vegetative and generative organs. The number of layers of collenchyma and parenchyma in the stem cortex, the number of layer of sclerenchyma between the vascular bundles, the status of the vascular bundles, the arrangement of collenchyma and paranchyma layers in stem cortex, the density of micropapilla and papillae in the cuticle and epiderma, stoma index, stoma types, the margin structure of epiderma cells and number of stalk cell and head structure of capitate trichomes were detected very valuable as distinguishing anatomical characters. Soil samples were taken during flowering periods of these species and the physical and chemical properties of soil samples were determined. The species depict a distribution on the soil containing clayey-loamy, loamy, saltless, slightly alkaline, medium degree calcareous, rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
... Foliar anatomy of Heliotropium was also the subject of study by Abbasi et al. (2011), Ahmed and Kordofani (2012), and Alwahibi and Bukhary (2013). Similarly, foliar anatomy was studied by Akc¸in and Baki (2007) in three Symphytum species, by Akc¸in et al. (2012) in four Cynoglossum species, and by Gu¨ven et al. (2013) in six Onosma species. Stomatal profile in the foliar epidermis was studied by Dasti et al. (2003) in 31 species belonging to 15 genera, while foliar trichomes were extensively surveyed by Al-Nowaihi et al. (1987), Selvi and Bigazzi (2001), Diane et al. (2003), Taia (2006), Ventrella and Marinho (2008), Perveen (2009), and Mehrabian et al. (2014). ...
Manually-constructed keys to many groups of the Egyptian flora are in urgent need of improvement and updating. To construct a conventional substitute of the key to representatives of the Boraginaceae, a data matrix was compiled to accommodate 54 characters recorded comparatively for the 49 species belonging to 14 genera which represent this family in the flora of Egypt. The 54 characters were accurately and lucidly defined to cover as much of the easily observable aspects of vegetative and floral variation in the plants as possible. The data matrix was analyzed using the key-generating package of programs DELTA. The analysis produced a conventional key with a detailed description of every species in terms of the 54 characters. The key is decidedly a marked improvement over its predecessors in that it is strictly comparative and leads directly to the full scientific name of any taxon, instead of having to use a key to the genera followed by a second key to the infra-generic taxa.
In this study, endemic Onosma mollis DC. it is aimed to examine the anatomical and ecological features of (Boraginaceae) plant in detail and to be compared with the other studies. According to the cross-sections, the root is secondary. Primary pith rays that 2-3 layered are observed. Epidermis is single-layered in stem transverse section. Eglandular hairs in the epidermis are simple, with one and two cells. Glandular hairs are capitate, digitate and with two cells. Just under the epidermis, 2-3 rows of collenchyma cells are formed. Both the upper and the lower surface of leaf is covered with numerous eglandular hairs. Eglandular hairs are 2-3 branched. Glandular hairs are of capitate, digitate and peltate type. The habitat of the O. mollis plant is mountain slopes, meadows, and prairies. The soil in which the species grows is clay and loamy. It is also classified as slightly alkaline, salty, calcareous, low phosphorus and high in potassium. According to its organic matter content, it is in the group of good humus soils.
