Cluster Analysis (UPGMA method) based on Sorensen's Index values to 18...

Ecological attributes of aquatic invertebrates in two water turbidity scenarios in a lake of the Pantanal, Brazil

Article

Full-text available

Dec 2023

The objective of this work was to determine the taxonomic structure and Functional Feeding Groups (FFGs) of benthic invertebrates and their roles in two different water turbidity scenarios in a floodplain lake in the Pantanal wetland (Sinhá Mariana Lake, Barão de Melgaço, state of Mato Grosso). We studied the benthic invertebrate fauna at 18 sampling sites in periods of high turbidity (HT) and low turbidity (LT) during high water (HW) and low water (LW). We hypothesize that the structure of Chironomidae assemblages (species and functional feeding groups) varies between sites in Sinhá Mariana Lake, and the density and diversity attributes of species in this family and their functional feeding groups are reduced under increased turbidity. Depth, water temperature, turbidity, pH, pCO₂, water color, and organic matter content of the sediment were analyzed in each sampling site. Chironomidae presented higher density and diversity in periods of high water (HW) in sites with low turbidity water (LT). The dominance increased in periods of low water (LW). The main FFGs were represented by collector-gatherers, while the smallest groups corresponded to shredder-herbivores (50% and 9% of the total abundance, respectively). Collector-gatherers (Aedokritus sp., Chironomus strenzkei, Goeldichironomus petiolicola, G. maculatus, Beardius phytophilus), predators (Ablabesmyia gr. annulata, Labrundinia sp. and Cryptochironomus brasiliensis) and shredder-herbivores (Asheum sp., Polypedilum sp., Polypedilum gr. fallax) predominated in high water (HW) periods. A change in the community structure from the HW to LW was evidenced, characterized by the substitution of collector-gatherers for collector-filterers. Notodiaptomus deitersi (Crustacea) was dominant in LW (dominance index = 10.9) and Aedokritus sp. (Insecta) in HW (dominance index = 5.4). Water turbidity and the hydrological cycle are important factors determining spatial and temporal patterns in communities, particularly changes in FFGs. Changes in turbidity in different sites and periods alter the structure of trophic communities and lead to questions about the main drivers of communities in Pantanal wetlands as areas of high ecological relevance for maintaining biodiversity. Resumo. Atributos ecológicos de invertebrados aquáticos em dois cenários de turbidez da água em um lago do Pantanal, Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a estrutura taxonômica e os Grupos Alimentares Funcionais (GAFs) dos invertebrados bentônicos e seu papel em dois cenários contrastantes de turbidez da água em uma lagoa do Pantanal (Lagoa de Sinhá Mariana, Barão de Melgaço, Mato Grosso). Estudamos a fauna de invertebrados bentônicos em 18 locais de amostragem em períodos de alta turbidez (HT) e baixa turbidez (LT), durante as águas altas (HW) e águas baixas (LW). Nossa hipótese é que a estrutura das assembleias de Chironomidae (espécies e grupos funcionais de alimentação) varia entre locais na Lagoa de Sinhá Mariana e os atributos de densidade e diversidade das espécies desta família e seus grupos funcionais de alimentação serão reduzidos sob condições de aumento da turbidez da água. Profundidade, temperatura da água, pH, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido, pCO₂, cor da água, clorofila, composição granulométrica e teor de matéria orgânica do sedimento foram analisados em cada local de amostragem. Nossos dados mostraram que os Chironomidae apresentaram maiores densidades, diversidade, riqueza e índices de dominância em períodos de águas altas (HW) em locais com águas de baixa turbidez (LT). Os principais GAFs foram representadas por coletores-coletores, enquanto os menores corresponderam a trituradores-herbívoros (50% e 9% da abundância total, respectivamente). Coletores-catadores (Aedokritus sp., Chironomus strenzkei, Goeldichironomus petiolicola, G. maculatus, Beardius phytophilus), predadores (Ablabesmyia gr. annulata, Labrundinia sp. e Cryptochironomus brasiliensis) e trituradores-herbívoros (Asheum sp., Polypedilum sp., Polypedilum gr. fallax) predominaram nos períodos de águas altas (HW). Evidenciou-se uma mudança na estrutura da comunidade de HW para LW, caracterizada pela substituição de coletores-catadores por coletores-filtradores. Notodiaptomus deitersi (Crustacea) foi dominante em LW (índice de dominância = 10,9) e Aedokritus sp. (Insecta) em HW (índice de dominância = 5,4). A turbidez da água e o ciclo hidrológico são factores importantes ARTICLE Arq. Zool., 54(5): 121-131, 2023 https://doi. que determinaram os padrões espaciais e temporais nas comunidades, particularmente as mudanças nos GFAs. As mudanças da turbidez em diferentes locais e períodos alteram a estruturação das comunidades tróficas e podem levar às questões sobre os principais direcionadores das comunidades nas áreas úmidas pantaneiras, como áreas de alta relevância ecológica para manutenção da biodiversidade.

Ecological attributes of aquatic invertebrates in two water turbidity scenarios in a lake of the Pantanal, Brazil

Article

Full-text available

Dec 2023

The objective of this work was to determine the taxonomic structure and Functional Feeding Groups (FFGs) of benthic invertebrates and their roles in two different water turbidity scenarios in a floodplain lake in the Pantanal wetland (Sinhá Mariana Lake, Barão de Melgaço, state of Mato Grosso). We studied the benthic invertebrate fauna at 18 sampling sites in periods of high turbidity (HT) and low turbidity (LT) during high water (HW) and low water (LW). We hypothesize that the structure of Chironomidae assemblages (species and functional feeding groups) varies between sites in Sinhá Mariana Lake, and the density and diversity attributes of species in this family and their functional feeding groups are reduced under increased turbidity. Depth, water temperature, turbidity, pH, pCO₂, water color, and organic matter content of the sediment were analyzed in each sampling site. Chironomidae presented higher density and diversity in periods of high water (HW) in sites with low turbidity water (LT). The dominance increased in periods of low water (LW). The main FFGs were represented by collector-gatherers, while the smallest groups corresponded to shredder-herbivores (50% and 9% of the total abundance, respectively). Collector-gatherers (Aedokritus sp., Chironomus strenzkei, Goeldichironomus petiolicola, G. maculatus, Beardius phytophilus), predators (Ablabesmyia gr. annulata, Labrundinia sp. and Cryptochironomus brasiliensis) and shredder-herbivores (Asheum sp., Polypedilum sp., Polypedilum gr. fallax) predominated in high water (HW) periods. A change in the community structure from the HW to LW was evidenced, characterized by the substitution of collector-gatherers for collector-filterers. Notodiaptomus deitersi (Crustacea) was dominant in LW (dominance index = 10.9) and Aedokritus sp. (Insecta) in HW (dominance index = 5.4). Water turbidity and the hydrological cycle are important factors determining spatial and temporal patterns in communities, particularly changes in FFGs. Changes in turbidity in different sites and periods alter the structure of trophic communities and lead to questions about the main drivers of communities in Pantanal wetlands as areas of high ecological relevance for maintaining biodiversity.

Impact of altitude on spring macroinvertebrates and water quality in South West region of Cameroon

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Full-text available

Oct 2023

We evaluated the impact of altitude on the biodiversity and water quality of 13 springs located from 82 to 1,189 m a.s.l. on Mount Cameroon. The springs were of good chemical and ecological quality whatever the altitude. The analysis of the physicochemical variables showed low temperature levels (19.50 ± 2.09 °C), high turbidity (13.0 ± 7.17 FTU), and an acceptable mineralization level (324.95 ± 260.0 μS/cm), with high amounts of phosphate nutrients (0.83 ± 0.47 mg/L). We observed a strong seasonal effect, with a decrease in temperature and nutrient content during the dry season whereas pH and dissolved oxygen increased. A total of 10,265 organisms, distributed into 56 families, were collected. They mostly included insects (47.8%), closely followed by Arachnida (34.8%). Only two stygobite taxa were recorded, namely Darwinulidae and Stenasellidae. Total diversity slightly decreased with altitude, especially during the dry season. Despite lower temperature and more oxygen at higher altitudes, diversity, including EPT did not increase. Therefore, African fauna are less sensitive to rising temperature than the faunas of other areas of the world. This result may be explained either by the fact that African species are better adapted to warm, low-oxygen waters than species from other parts of the world, or by the absence of refuges in Mount Cameroon that are home to temperature-sensitive species. Consequently, the impact of climate change on aquatic macroinvertebrates in tropical Africa could be reduced.

Differential distribution of macroinvertebrate associated with water quality

Article

Jan 2023

Streams and rivers are the major source of drinking water and irrigation in many developing countries. Stream health is a major criterion and regulator of the health of its dependents (invertebrates, aquatic flora, fishes, animals, and humans). For the sustenance of a balanced ecosystem, a mutual existence between flora and fauna along with other abiotic factors is a prerequisite. Benthic fauna lying on the riverbed serves as a food source for fish, larger insects, birds, etc. Nowadays, most freshwater bodies are getting polluted through various anthropogenic activities like mining, land‐use practices (fertilizers and insecticides), industrial effluent, and sewage inlet. Due to the water contamination, there have been observed changes in the physicochemical parameters of the water. The macroinvertebrate species being sensitive to these changes play an important role not only in determining the health of the water body but also in regulating the ecosystem. After review, it was observed that order like Diptera dominated in various locations, comprising of family Ceratopogonidae and Chironomidae, followed by order Trichoptera and Coleoptera. Species belonging to family Baetidae and Chironomidae possess pollution tolerance capabilities; additionally, these species can survive at a wide range of temperatures. Species from families such as Simuliidae showed their existence at varying water velocities. Families like Limnephilidae, Simuliidae, and Glossosomatidae exhibited their survival in fast moving water whereas Notonectidae, Hydrophilidae Gomphidae, Coenagrionidae, Libellulidae, Aeshnidae, and Dryopidae indicated species of low waterflow. Species of the family Tipulidae have been related to areas of high conductivity, whereas Gomphidae, Dryopidae, and Glossomatidae as species of low conductivity. Hydrophilidae and Notonectidae dominated high temperature areas. The present study will put forth before the government, current scenario of macroinvertebrate structure depending on the different characteristics of the water. This will help in regulating and controlling water pollution. 摘要溪流与河流是许多发展中国家饮用水和灌溉的主要来源。溪流健康是其依附者 (无脊椎动物、水生植物、鱼类、动物和人类)健康的主要标准和调节器。为了维持平衡的生态系统, 动植物之间的相互依存和其他非生物因素是必要的。河床上的底栖动物群是鱼类、大型昆虫、鸟类等的食物来源。如今, 大多数淡水水体都受到各种人类活动的污染, 如采矿、土地利用 (施放化肥和杀虫剂)、工业废水、以及污水入口。由于水污染, 已经观察到水的物理化学参数发生变化。对这些变化敏感的大型无脊椎动物物种在决定水体健康和调节生态系统方面发挥着重要作用。调查发现, 双翅目在不同地点占主导地位, 包括蠓科和摇蚊科, 其次是毛翅目和鞘翅目。四节蜉科和摇蚊科物种具有耐污染能力, 此外还可以在很广的温度范围内生存。在不同的水流速度下发现了蚋科类物种。沼石蛾科、蚋科和舌石蛾科等科在快速流动的水中表现出生存能力, 而仰泳蝽科、水龟虫科、春蜓科、细蟌科、蜻蜓科、晏蜓科和泥虫科则表明它们是低水流物种。大蚊科的物种与高电导率区域有关, 而春蜓科、泥虫科和舌石蛾科与低电导率区域有关。水龟虫科和仰泳蝽科在高温区占主导地位。本研究将向政府提出“根据水的不同特征发现大型无脊椎动物结构的当前情景”。这将有助于调节和控制水污染。 Los arroyos y ríos son la principal fuente de agua potable y riego en muchos países en desarrollo. La salud de los arroyos es un criterio importante y un regulador de la salud de sus dependientes (invertebrados, flora acuática, peces, animales y humanos). Para el sustento de un ecosistema equilibrado, la existencia mutua entre la flora y la fauna junto con otros factores abióticos es un requisito previo. La fauna bentónica que se encuentra en el lecho del río sirve como fuente de alimento para peces, insectos más grandes, pájaros, etc. y entrada de aguas residuales. Debido a la contaminación del agua, se han observado cambios en los parámetros fisicoquímicos del agua. Las especies de macroinvertebrados que son sensibles a estos cambios juegan un papel importante no solo en la determinación de la salud del cuerpo de agua sino también en la regulación del ecosistema. Después de la revisión, se observó que el orden Diptera dominaba en varios lugares, que comprende la familia Ceratopogonidae y Chironomidae, seguido por el orden Trichoptera y Coleoptera. Las especies pertenecientes a la familia Baetidae y Chironomidae poseen capacidades de tolerancia a la contaminación, además pueden sobrevivir en un amplio rango de temperaturas. Mientras que especies de familias como Simuliidae mostraron su existencia a diferentes velocidades del agua. Familias como Limnephilidae, Simuliidae y Glossosomatidae exhibieron su supervivencia en aguas de rápido movimiento mientras que Notonectidae, Hydrophilidae Gomphidae, Coenagrionidae, Libellulidae, Aeshnidae y Dryopidae indicaron especies de bajo flujo de agua. Las especies de la familia Tipulidae se han relacionado con áreas de alta conductividad, mientras que Gomphidae, Dryopidae y Glossomatidae como especies de baja conductividad. Hydrophilidae y Notonectidae dominaron las áreas de alta temperatura. El presente estudio expondrá ante el gobierno el escenario actual de la estructura de los macroinvertebrados en función de las diferentes características del agua. Esto ayudará en la regulación y control de la contaminación del agua.

Diversity and Composition of Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) along an Elevation Gradient in Southeastern Mexico

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Jan 2023
Diversity

We analyzed the alpha and beta components of male Trichoptera diversity along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 136 to 2432 m a.s.l. by studying five assemblages of adult male caddisflies in five streams of the Sierra de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico. Samples were collected with light traps in the “nortes” (February) and rainy (October) seasons of 2016, recording air temperature and relative humidity. The assemblages showed an abundance pattern clearly associated with the rainy season, and a high dissimilarity in their species composition. Species richness and abundance were significantly higher at lower altitudinal levels. The highest alpha diversity was recorded in the Flor de Azahar stream; beta diversity increased with altitude and made an important contribution to gamma diversity. These results suggest that temporal and altitudinal variations affect environmental variables, which influence the structure of Trichoptera assemblages. Temperature was the primary factor determining spatial and temporal distribution patterns of caddisfly assemblages in the study area. However, in the rainy season, this factor explained a smaller proportion of the observed changes. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate other environmental variables and explore other ecosystems to provide additional evidence on the factors affecting the diversity patterns of the Trichoptera in the Sierra de Juárez.

Macroinvertebrados acuáticos del Alto Madre de Dios

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Dec 2021

Distribución altitudinal de macroinvertebrados acuáticos y su relación con las variables ambientales en un sistema fluvial amazónico (Perú)

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Nov 2021

Hay pocos estudios ecológicos sobre los patrones de diversidad de los macroinvertebrados acuáticos en la Amazonía peruana, a pesar de ser esenciales para la gestión y manejo de estos ecosistemas fluviales. En este contexto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar su composición taxonómica y su relación con las variables ambientales a lo largo de un gradiente altitudinal del río Alto Madre de Dios, cuenca en donde podrían registrarse nuevas especies. Se establecieron 22 estaciones en un rango altitudinal de 398 a 2.411 m s.n.m., cuantificando las características fisicoquímicas del agua y del hábitat fluvial: pH, temperatura del agua (T, °C), conductividad eléctrica (CE, μS.cm-1), ancho del río (A, m), profundidad (P, cm), sombra y velocidad del flujo de la corriente (m·s-1). Para los muestreos de macroinvertebrados se utilizó una red “de patada” de 200 μm de tamaño de malla. Se identificaron 56 taxones distribuidos en los órdenes Acari, Ephemeroptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Megaloptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Trichoptera y Decapoda. Los análisis multivariados de clasificación y agrupamiento permitieron establecer cuatro grupos de estaciones estadísticamente diferenciadas (p<0,05), principalmente por la velocidad y el tipo de sustrato dominante, lo que explica la abundancia y amplia distribución de Chironomidae, Baetodes, Thraulodes y Anacroneuria. Los taxones de macroinvertebrados cambiaron notablemente a lo largo del gradiente, reportándose una mayor diversidad en zonas con altitudes medias y una relación con las variables ambientales.

2021 - Stefani-Santos et al 2021 Odonata (Insecta) communities along an elevational gradient in the Atlantic forest of southeastern Brazil

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Nov 2021

Odonata (Insecta) communities along an elevational gradient in the Atlantic forest of southeastern Brazil, with the description of the female of Heteragrion mantiqueirae Machado, 2006

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Nov 2021

Despite the important role of the order Odonata in ecosystems, there is a lack of information about dragonﬂy communities in several regions, high elevation sites, and environmentally protected areas in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Our objective was to assess the abundance and richness of dragonﬂy and damselﬂy communities along an elevational gradient in the Atlantic Forest, southeastern Brazil. This study was conducted in the Fernão Dias Environmental Protection Area, Mantiqueira Mountain region, Gonçalves, Minas Gerais State, in sites covered by Seasonal Semideciduous and mixed forests. This is the frst study of Odonata communities in the region. Samplings were carried out on 17 days from October 2019 to March 2020 at three elevation ranges (low, mid, and high). A total of 293 specimens, distributed in 39 species and 9 families, were sampled. Elevation did not inﬂuence the richness or abundance of dragonﬂies but altered community composition. Some species were found to be exclusive to high-elevation sites, such as Heteragrion mantiqueirae Machado, 2006, which was recorded for the frst time in Minas Gerais and we provide a description and diagnosis of the single female collected in tandem. A novel species of the genus Brechmorhoga was found to occur at mid and high elevations. The composition of dragonﬂy communities depends on the degree of preservation and extension of forest areas. Therefore, conservation of forests in Gonçalves is crucial for preserving Odonata diversity in Minas Gerais State.

Efeito da altitude sobre riqueza de vespas sociais (Vespidae, Polistinae)

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Jun 2021

O conhecimento da ordenação das espécies ao longo de um gradiente altitudinal é importante para se conhecer sua distribuição, sobretudo em biomas ameaçados como a mata atlântica. O presente estudo foi realizado na reserva particular do patrimônio natural (RPPN) Alto Montana, localizada no município de Itamonte, na Serra da Mantiqueira, Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil. Analisou-se a influência do gradiente altitudinal na riqueza e na composição de espécies de vespas sociais. O método de amostragem foi busca ativa com rede entomológica e armadilhas atrativas, em nove pontos amostrais, distando 100 m um do outro. O gradiente estudado variou do ponto fixado a 1.335 até 2.135 m de altitude. Foram amostradas 11 espécies de vespas sociais, distribuídas em sete gêneros. Como esperado, houve correlação negativa significativa entre a altitude e a riqueza de espécies. Polybia punctata e Polybia fastidiosuscula foram as únicas espécies registradas nos pontos de maior altitude, estando também presentes em 78 e 66% dos pontos amostrais, respectivamente. Agelaia multipicta também se destacou por estar presente em 66% dos pontos. Para corroborar os resultados aqui obtidos, é necessário realizar mais estudos de longo prazo na área.

Cluster Analysis (UPGMA method) based on Sorensen's Index values to 18 streams in Mambucaba River basin, Serra da Bocaina National Park, SP-RJ (Cophenetic correlation coefficient = 0.852; A, B, b1, b2, b21 and b22 = are groups formed).

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