Fig 9 - uploaded by Eduardo Garzanti
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Clay minerals and isotopic ratios trace offshore transport of Taiwan orogenic sediment to the proximal deformed (Southern Longitudinal Trough) and distal undeformed (North Luzon Trough) Luzon forearc basin.
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... mud generated on Luzon Island ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr 0.705 ± 0.000, ε Nd + 7.0 ± 0.3). The same ε Nd value as Pearl River mud was obtained for western and southern Taiwan river muds (−11.9 ± 0.6), whereas slightly less negative ε Nd values (−9.5 ± 0.8) characterize muds carried by the Han and Min rivers of South China draining into the Taiwan Strait ( Fig. 1B; Shao et al., ...
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... and illite are abundant and chlorite subordinate north of Lutao Island. Illite dominates over chlorite and minor smectite in the deformed Luzon forearc basin adjacent to Taiwan (Southern Longitudinal Trough), whereas illite prevails only slightly over smectite and chlorite in the undeformed Luzon forearc basin to the south (North Luzon Trough; Fig. ...
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... ranges of eastern Taiwan and transported by the Hualian, Xiuguluan, and Beinan rivers is conveyed by turbidity currents along the Hualian, Chimei, and Taitung canyons to eventually reach the Ryukyu Trench ( Fig. 8; Hsieh et al., 2020). Dominant illite with chlorite in the northern part of the Luzon forearc basin (Southern Longitudinal Trough; Fig. 9) reveals that sediment overwhelmingly derived from short local rivers draining the Backbone Range is conveyed to the deep sea via numerous channels carved into the southeastern Taiwan continental slope. Smectite is much more abundant in the southern part of the Luzon forearc basin (North Luzon Trough; Fig. 9), indicating substantial ...
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... basin (Southern Longitudinal Trough; Fig. 9) reveals that sediment overwhelmingly derived from short local rivers draining the Backbone Range is conveyed to the deep sea via numerous channels carved into the southeastern Taiwan continental slope. Smectite is much more abundant in the southern part of the Luzon forearc basin (North Luzon Trough; Fig. 9), indicating substantial additional supply from the Luzon ...
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... On the contrary, the exposed rocks in Taiwan's rapidly eroding mountainous region mainly comprise slates, schists, sandstones/ metasandstones, and shales, mostly of recycling origins (Deng et al., 2019;Huang et al., 2012). This geological composition contributes to the production of recycled and heterogenous sediments with a lower degree of chemical weathering intensity in the river basins of Taiwan (Bi et al., 2015;Garzanti et al., 2023;Nayak et al., 2022;Selvaraj and Chen, 2006). As a result, these small rivers along the southeast coast of China serve as ideal laboratories for investigating the impacts of hydrodynamic sorting and sedimentary recycling on river geochemistry. ...
... On the other hand, the Liwuxi River in eastern Taiwan, spanning 55 km in length and with a drainage area of 616 km 2 , flows eastward and drains its headwaters in the Backbone Range slate, followed by the schist and marble of the Tailuko Belt, before emptying into the Philippine Sea (Deng et al., 2019) ( Fig. 1). Despite their relatively small sizes, these rivers transport disproportionately large amounts of sediments to the sea (Garzanti et al., 2023;Kao and Milliman, 2008;Nayak et al., 2022), with the Zhuoshuixi and Liwuxi rivers transporting 54 and 14 million tons per year, respectively (Dadson et al., 2003). ...
... We propose that the weathering-limited regimes observed in the Taiwan catchments can be attributed to a combination of factors including climate, tectonics-driven intense erosion, high susceptibility to landslides, and the presence of fragile and cation-depleted recycled meta-sedimentary source rocks (Dadson et al., 2003;Garzanti et al., 2023). The mean annual temperatures in the Zhuoshuixi and Liwuxi basins are slightly lower compared to those in the Mainland China catchments at higher latitudes, which can be attributed to the higher average elevations in the Taiwan river basins (Fig. 2b). ...
