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Dermatophytoses in animals are fungal diseases of the skin caused by dermatophyte fungi of the genus Microsporum or Trichophyton. Because the infection is generally follicular, the most common clinical sign is one or many circular areas of alopecia with variable erythema, scaling and crusting, and the primary differential diagnoses are follicular i...
Citations
... In veterinary dermatology, dermatophytosis is common and one of the most frequently involved fungal agents are Microsporum canis, M. gypseum and T. mentagrophytes considering all animal species [4,16]. Regarding bovine dermatophytosis, the main etiological agent is T. verrucosum. ...
Trichophyton verrucosum is the most commonly dermatophyte involved in cattle ringworm. This work reported a case of bovine dermatophytosis due to Trichophyton verrucosum detected from the clinical sample by SYBR-Green real-time PCR. The strategy was based on the DNA extraction directly from the infected hair followed by real‐time PCR and melting‐point analysis. A faster and differential diagnosis was observed when compared to the conventional mycological methodology for detection and identification of Trichophyton verrucosum.
... The most commonly isolated pathogen is Microsporum canis. Infection with Microsporum persicolor, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton species can also occur, though pathogens other than M. canis are rarely associated with outbreaks of dermatophytosis in multi-cat situations [1]. ...
We report a first case of Trichophyton benhamiae isolation from domestic cats in Russia. Genetically affiliated to European strains T. benhamiae were deposited in NCBI. T. benhamiae strains formed zonal cream-colored colonies, with reversum pigmentation ranging from intensive yellow to orange-brown in one and orange-brown to chocolate in the second strain. Mycelium is colorless, hyphae are septated, rapidly aging with the formation of arthrospores and microconidia. The formation of macroconidia was recorded after 48 hours. A favorable outcome of treatment was recorded after two weeks.
... They are known to be caused by three genera of fungi called dermatophytes, including the Microsporum sp., Trichophyton sp., and Epidermophyton sp. Recent studies have shown that the non-dermatophytes are also capable of causing these infections (Nwofor et al., 2021a;Didier, 2017). The increasing incidence of these infections among live stocks has led to many economic losses on farms due to skin destruction by these organisms. ...
Mitracarpus scaber is an annual plant found in different parts of the world with vast applications in ethnomedicine. The use of its ethanolic leaf extract as an antifungal agent has been widely reported. The identification of compounds in the leaf extract with the potential to inhibit fungi keratinase was carried out in silico. Chromatographic analysis of the ethanolic leaf extract of this plant showed that oxirane, 2,2'-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)]bis- (47.00%) and 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene (21.12%) were the most abundant compounds in the extract. Site-directed multiligand docking of the identified compounds was performed on keratinase KP2 molecular target using the synthetic cocrystallized ligand from the protein and fluconazole as controls. The binding affinity of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene (–8.1 kcal/mol) was significantly higher than the control compounds (– 6.7 kcal/mol and – 7.8 kcal/mol). The interactions of this molecule with the amino acids of the protein showed that the mechanism of its inhibitory action is similar to that of the cocrystallized ligand. The results from this study validated an earlier report that the ethanolic leaf extract from this plant showed excellent inhibitory activity against keratinophilic fungi isolated from cattle skin. It also identified 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene as the main compound responsible for the observed fungicidal action.
... Ключові слова : дерматомікоз, МІКОСТОП, клотримазол, тварини, собаки, коти. Вступ Найчастіше виявляють на поверхні шкіри у тварин-компаньйонів такі види збудників, як Microsporum canis, Microsporum gypseum и Tricophyton mentagrophytes, хоча існує понад 30 видів грибів -дерматофітів (Weitzman & Summerbell, 1995;Pin, 2017;Kisera et al., 2021). Дані збудники викликають поверхневу мікозну інфекцію шкіри. ...
This article presents a study of the effectiveness of the preparation MYCOSTOP (LLC “SPE “SUZIRYA”, Kharkov, Ukraine) in the treatment of dermatomycoses in animals with spontaneous infection. As a fungicidal drug used the preparation terbinafine in oral form (tablets), and for local treatment used the preparation MYCOSTOP (LLC “SPE “SUZIRYA”, Ukraine). Terbinafine was administered in a standard dosage of 20–30 mg/kg once daily (n = 5, 3 cats and 2 dogs). MYCOSTOP was used according to the scheme recommended by the manufacturer and applied to the affected areas of the skin once a day. The treatment regimen was identical in all animals. The criteria of clinical efficacy were the results of the examination with fixation of the dynamics of changes in skin lesions, reduction of pruritus (using a standard 10-point scale), erythema, peeling, the presence of hair growth and a negative mycological study using DERMAKIT. The size of the cells decreased to 0.50 ± 0.63 cm on average, while in 100 % of animals pathological changes (peeling, crusting, erythema, scabs, hyperpigmentation) were not detected at all by the 30th day of the study, and focal alopecia was in the overgrowth stage in 60 % of animals, and in 40 % the skin surface had no pathological changes. Improvements in the clinical condition of the animals were observed from the ninth to the 18th day of the trial (on average 11.2 ± 3.16 days); the overall therapeutic efficacy on the 30th day was 100 %. According to the DERMAKIT specialized medium, the circulation of dermatomycoses in dermatomycoses was determined using the DERMAKIT specialized medium: in dogs Microsporum canis (50 %) and Tricophyton mentagrophytes (50 %), in cats Microsporum canis (50 %), Microsporum gypseum (33 %) and Tricophyton mentagrophytes (17 %), Tricophyton mentagrophytes was detected in two ants. The test results showed the high effectiveness of the combined treatment regimen using as a local fungicide – the preparation MYCOSTOP in spontaneous infection of animals.
... Annular infectious dermatoses have distinct morphology which suggests centrifugal spread of pathogens and the reaction of host immunity. The annular configuration of skin infections, in the case of dermatophytosis, is not unique in human but also present in animals, 50,51 suggesting evolutionarily preserved pathogen-host interaction. ...
Annular configuration is conspicuous in the clinical manifestation of many skin diseases and can be helpful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Variations may include arciform, ring-form, annular, circinate, serpiginous, gyrated, polycyclic, targeted or figurate forms, in different colors, sizes and numbers, with various textures and surfaces. In infectious dermatoses, the annular reactions can be specific or nonspecific, while the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In the specific reactions caused by direct invasion of the pathogens, the contest between the centrifugal outspread of the infectious agents and the centripetal impedance of the host immune response is supposed to determine the final conformation. Examples include erythema infectiosum, orf, erythema multiforme and pityriasis rosea of viral origin. Bacterial infections that may display annular lesions include erythrasma, erythema (chronicum) migrans of Lyme borreliosis, secondary syphilis, cutaneous tuberculosis and leprosy. Superficial mycosis, such as dermatophytosis, candida intertrigo, tinea imbricata, and subcutaneous mycosis, such as chromoblastomycosis, and algae infection protothecosis, are characterized by annular progression of the skin lesions. The creeping serpiginous extension is an alarming sign for the diagnosis of cutaneous larva migrans. A better understanding of the virulence and pathogenicity of the pathogens and the way and type of immune response will help to clarify the pathogenesis.
... Cutaneous mycosis in cattle is a worldwide zoonotic infection which are usually responsible for economic losses in the farm [2]. It is a highly contagious skin infection all over the world especially in the tropics (Africa, India) [3] and it is known to be caused by a dermatophyte Trichophyton verrucossum [4,5,6]. ...
... [39] in their study, also agrees are opportunistic pathogens that are capable of causing cutaneous infections. In another study by [40] and [2], they also observed that most mold floras are known to cause superficial or cutaneous infections due to dermatophytic molds isolated from the cattles with lesion in both States, 10 of them were subjected to pathogenecity test and only Aspergillus Cladosporium tenuissinum and specie were able to elicit alopecia, nodule and discoloration on healthy albino mice skin respectively. These observations were tive of cutaneous mycoses. ...
Aims: To study the prevalence and identification of non-dermatophytic molds associated with cattle in Abia and Imo States, Nigeria. Study Design: The systematic random sampling method was adopted. Place and Duration of Study: A total of 2255 cattle was encountered, out of which 451 skin samples from both infected and asymptomatic animals were sampled from six cattle markets in Abia and Imo States, Nigeria between January and August, 2018. Methodology: The 451 samples were analysed for their colonial and microscopic morphology and molecular analysis. Polymerase chain reaction of the 16SrRNA internal transcriber spacer (ITS) sequence techniques were carried out on the isolates. Pathogenicity of the isolates were determined. Results: A total of 16 non-dermatophytic molds were obtained from 451samples analysed at different frequency of occurrences from the cattle skins in both states and these include Aspergillusfumigatus (3.6%), Aspergillus terreus (2.7%), Aspergillus wewitschiae (13.5%), Aspergillus flavus (10.0%), Aspergillus aculeatus (9.0%), Aspergillus sydowii (5.0%), Fusarium solani (3.2%), Fusarium lichenicola (17.9%), Fusarium succisae (12.0%), Fusarium oxysporum (2.0%), Penicillium citrinum (3.0%), Curvularia kusanol (0.6%), Cladosporium tenuissimum (4.9%), Pestalotiopsis microspora (0.1%), Talaromyces kendrickii (0.1%) and Absidia specie (12.9%). Conclusion: The study revealed that non-dermatophytic molds were highly prevalent and are possible causative agent of cutaneous mycoses in cattle. Pathogenicity evaluation carried out in this study revealed that Aspergillus welwitschiae, Cladosporium tenuissimum and Absidia sp. were highly virulent.
... Asymptomatic animal carriers of Microsporum canis are considered to be important factors in epidemiology. This is because 50% of people in direct contact with infected dogs or cats or arthroconidia found in the environment can contract the disease (Pin, 2017). ...
Background: Dermatophytosis is one of the most common skin diseases that affects cats and dogs. Geographic factors play an important role in determining prevalence, showing high rates of prevalence in warm and humid environments. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the macroscopic and microscopic identification of different types of dermatophytes present on stray dogs. Methods: The design of this study was laboratory-based research. Each sample was collected from an infection site (nail, hair, or skin) that was identified by conducting a physical examination of a stray dog that was infected with fungi. The skin scraping, nail clipping, and fur cutting samples were collected from infected dogs and then cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). The cultures were incubated at 26°C for five weeks. The isolates of fungi were then examined macroscopically and microscopically. The Lactophenol Cotton Blue (LPCB) staining technique was used for fungi morphology identification. Results: Overall, the most common type of dermatophytes that affected the dogs were Trichophyton spp. (64.70%), Aspergillus spp. (10.10%), Microsporum spp. (7.20%), and Curvularia spp. (5.60%). Conclusion: This study revealed the most common dermatophyte infections found on stray dogs in Selangor, Malaysia. This study can assist investigators in understanding the prevalence of the dermatophyte burden in stray dogs and help prevent further complication, such as the spread of illness, especially zoonotic infection.
... Dermatophytosis can occur in human and animals [12][13][14]. In-vitro test of any new drug is always considered the first step to evaluate its therapeutic activity, followed by choosing a suitable animal model in vivo to determine the therapeutical nature of such a new drug [15,16]. Dermatophytosis to be cured usually requires at least 2 weeks to a month in all dermatophyte infection approximately; however, it requires about 6 months in cases of tinea onychomycosis [17]. ...
... Dermatophytosis can be developed in both humans and animals with some differences in clinical features [12][13][14]65]. The zoophilic group of dermatophytes is the most causative agents of dermatophytosis in humans and animals. ...
... Dermatophytosis can occur in human and animals [12][13][14]. In-vitro test of any new drug is always considered the first step to evaluate its therapeutic activity, followed by choosing a suitable animal model in vivo to determine the therapeutical nature of such a new drug [15,16]. Dermatophytosis to be cured usually requires at least 2 weeks to a month in all dermatophyte infection approximately; however, it requires about 6 months in cases of tinea onychomycosis [17]. ...
... Dermatophytosis can be developed in both humans and animals with some differences in clinical features [12][13][14]65]. The zoophilic group of dermatophytes is the most causative agents of dermatophytosis in humans and animals. ...
... Dermatophytosis can occur in human and animals [12][13][14]. In-vitro test of any new drug is always considered the first step to evaluate its therapeutic activity, followed by choosing a suitable animal model in vivo to determine the therapeutical nature of such a new drug [15,16]. Dermatophytosis to be cured usually requires at least 2 weeks to a month in all dermatophyte infection approximately; however, it requires about 6 months in cases of tinea onychomycosis [17]. ...
... Dermatophytosis can be developed in both humans and animals with some differences in clinical features [12][13][14]65]. The zoophilic group of dermatophytes is the most causative agents of dermatophytosis in humans and animals. ...
