Ciliary flow and ciliary alignment in the external gills of Hynobius nebulosus (Kasumi salamander) larvae. a Low-power view of a larva from the dorsal side. b Schematic illustration depicting the countercurrent ciliary (blue) and bloodstream (red) flow directions in front of the rachis (see Smovie 6). c Bright field image of three left rachises in a H. nebulosus larva. d Fluorescence image of the same larva showing the ciliary alignment on the gill surface after immunostaining of acetylated alpha-tubulin. e–f Magnified view of a rachis (e) and fimbriae (f) of H. nebulosus. Cilia tend to align in an annular manner, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of gill rachises and fimbriae (arrowheads)

Source publication

Normal development of external gills in Pleurodeles waltl larvae....

Schematic illustrations depicting the implications of our findings on...

Position-dependent proximal-to-distal orientation of ciliary beating...

Global directionality of ciliary flow generated by the external gill in...

Highly regulated distribution of cilia on the surface of the external...

Finely tuned ciliary alignment and coordinated beating generate continuous water flow across the external gills in Pleurodeles waltl larvae

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2020

Urodelan amphibian larvae develop three pairs of branching external gills on both sides of the pharyngeal region, and this study focuses on motile cilia on the gill surface. High-speed camera was used to observe ciliary strokes on the surface of the external gills of Pleurodeles waltl larvae. We found that the directionality of ciliary beating is p...