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The Stratiomyidae (Diptera) of Paraguay is cataloged and illustrated, and information is given on distributions, name-bearing types, synonyms, and pertinent literature. Previously to this study, the fauna of soldier flies in the country comprised 18 genera and 29 species, which has been raised up to 35 genera and 63 species, of which only nine are...
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Context 1
... first species reported to occur in the country, although the specific locality (e.g., department, city) was not given, was Artemita hieroglyphica (Wiedemann, 1830) by Kertész (1914). After this, another four species, from 1916 to 1922, were either described exclusively from or simply reported for the country (Kertész 1916;Enderlein 1921;Bezzi 1922; see Table 1). Lindner (1928a) is very likely the only study exclusively based on Paraguayan material, in which he described two new species and reported other 11 species for the first time from the country. ...Context 2
... in the World catalog of the family, eight years after the last species reported to Paraguay (Lagrange 1993), counted 27 species in 16 genera. Since then, only two other authors (Pimentel & Pujol-Luz 2001; included three species and a synonym for the country, which gave a total of 29 species and 18 genera (see Table 1 for a detailed chronological list of species from Paraguay). Indeed, besides the works that have occasionally described species only based on material from the country or reported the occurrence of species known from other localities within the context of regional lists or inventories of species, redescriptions of taxa, or more comprehensive taxonomic works (e.g., Enderlein 1921, James 1943a, Lagrange 1993, only Lindner (1928a) treated particularly the Paraguayan fauna. ...Citations
Se presenta un listado ilustrado actualizado de las 87 especies de Stratiomyidae (Diptera) reportadas de Nicaragua: 5 Beridinae, 17 Pachygastrinae, 18 Clitellariinae, 3 Chrysochlorinae, 5 Hermetiinae, 26 Sarginae, 1 Raphiocerinae, 11 Stratiomyinae y 1 Nemotelinae. Veinte y ocho especies constituyen nuevos registros para la fauna de Nicaragua.
Stratiomyidae is one of the most species-rich and morphologically diversified Diptera families of the orthorraphous Brachycera. Despite the large species diversity and prevalence in various environments, soldier flies are rare in the fossil records, especially in amber deposits. Here we present the first two Prosopochrysini fossils from Miocene amber. The fossils are assigned to a new genus—Cenorhaphiocerina gen. nov.— included in the extant tribe Prosopochrysini, with the description of two species, C. dominicana sp. nov. from amber mines in the Dominican Republic and C. kraemerae sp. nov. from amber areas in Simojovel, Chiapas, Mexico. The new genus and species are compared with other extant genera of Prosopochrysini. We postulate that Cenorhaphiocerina gen. nov. likely forms a group with the extant genera Acanthasargus White, 1914, Hoplistopsis James, 1950, Rhaphiocerina Lindner, 1936 and the species Prosopochrysa azurea (Lindner, 1951), that should be placed in a separate genus, based on the presence
of four medial wing veins, upper and lower frons in the head contrasting in colour, and of some level of dichoptic eyes configuration in males.
The puparia of Merosargus cingulatus Schiner, 1868 and Ptecticus lanei James, 1941, two Neotropical species of Sarginae (Stratiomyidae), are described and illustrated based on 19 and 17 immatures of each species, respectively. The specimens were collected in rotting vegetal material in Carambeí, state of Paraná, Brazil. Images of reared adults of both species are provided, allowing future identifications of specimens. New distributional records include the first occurrences of M. cingulatus in the Brazilian states of Ceará, Maranhão, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rio de Janeiro. With these two new descriptions, immature stages (6th instar and/or puparium) of 29 species of Sarginae are now known, with only eight species known from the Neotropical Region.
Although the species richness of Stratiomyidae (Diptera) in Brazil (~340 species) is one of the highest for the family worldwide, we still do not know the actual number of species, the extent of their distribution, or the species seasonal dynamics for a single area in the Neotropics. The soldier fly fauna in the semideciduous seasonal forests, which cover a major area of the countryside of the state of São Paulo, is poorly known compared to the best-known areas in the Atlantic Forest for stratiomyids, such as the ombrophilous forests on the southeast coast. With the constant habitat fragmentation of the remnants of the semideciduous forests in the state for crops and pastures for cattle, we are losing valuable data about biodiversity. This study details the stratiomyids for a single area in the Neotropical Region, using a standardized collecting methodology with Malaise traps, from May 2010 to December 2011. Here, we provide a list of 41 stratiomyid species and 25 genera in eight subfamilies from a total of 1,533 specimens collected in the Reserva Biológica e Ecológica Augusto Ruschi, Sertãozinho, Brazil. The current number of species/morphospecies reported for the state of São Paulo is raised to 113, with Merosargus golbachi James, 1971 in James and McFadden, 1971 and M. tripartitus James, 1971 in James and McFadden, 1971 reported for the first time to Brazil. Our analyses estimate even higher richness in the studied area, probably between 48 to 114 species, indicating that further collection efforts are needed.
Keywords:
Brachycera; Endemism; Faunistic composition; Neotropical region; Taxonomy
