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Background
Herbal medicines and their preparations have been mostly used since from thousands of years in all developing and developed countries in the primary health care of society and community. Flavonoids are the class of polyphenolic compounds, which are mainly distributed throughout the plant kingdom. Quercetin is a flavonoid which shows majo...
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Context 1
... anti-oxidant effects. Quercetin possesses antioxidant activity and reduces low density lipoproteins oxidation level. Quercetin and rutin are the some important flavonoids known for its, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antithrombic, anti-spasmodic anti-cancer, and hepatoprotective properties [4]. Main flavonoid constituents like quercetin ( Fig. 1) quercetin is a flavonoid chemically known as 5.7,3′-4′ tetra hydroxy flavanol, which shows a major pharmacological activity like hepatoprotective activity, anti-spasmodic, anti-inflammatory, etc. And mainly belongs to polyphenolic derivatives ...
Citations
... Establishing comprehensive dosing guidelines requires extensive clinical trials across diverse populations, a process that is both time-consuming and costly. Without standardized dosing, the efficacy and safety of quercetin supplementation remain variable, complicating its clinical application [185]. ...
Quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential health benefits and versatile applications. This book chapter explores the chemistry of quercetin, shedding light on its molecular structure, biosynthesis, and extraction methods. The chapter delves into the extensive research on the health effects of quercetin, highlighting its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective properties. Moreover, the potential risks and toxicity associated with quercetin consumption are thoroughly examined, emphasizing the importance of proper dosage and potential drug interactions. The chapter concludes by providing an overview of recent advances in quercetin development, including nanoformulations, targeted delivery systems, and combination therapies, that hold promise for enhancing its therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability. This comprehensive exploration of quercetin aims to provide researchers, scientists, and healthcare professionals with valuable insights into its multifaceted nature and potential applications in human health.
... The spectroscopic and chromatographic methods, in particular, play an important role in the quality control and analytical validation of herbal preparations. 10 Spectrophotometry remains a preferred approach among the different methods available due to its simplicity, specificity, and low cost. 11 From the literature review, it is observed that very few spectroscopic methods for estimation of piperine have been reported. ...
... Several high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) methods were previously reported for the detection and quantification of quercetin compounds, and different linearity range, limits of detection (LOD), and limits of quantification (LOQ) using different mobile phases (solvents and ratios). [13] However, these methods have the disadvantage of a narrow linearity range with low sensitivity. Despite the fact that earlier research has reported that quercetin was assessed and measured using analytical techniques such as HPLC and HPTLC. ...
Background: Leptadenia reticulata (Wight & Arn.) has made important contributions to both traditional and
modern medicine. Aims and Objectives: The study aims to develop and validate an high-performance thinlayer
chromatography (HPTLC) method for the determination of quercetin content in L. reticulata collected from
various parts of the country and to assess its anti-inflammatory activity using the bovine serum albumin (BSA)
inhibition method. Materials and Methods: Five samples were obtained from different geographical locations
in India, and no significant variation was found in the morpho-anatomical study. HPTLC method developed
using a toluene: chloroform: ethyl acetate: formic acid (2.5: 2: 4.5: 1) mobile phase at a wavelength of 300 nm.
Second, anti-inflammatory activity of L. reticulata extract was assessed using the BSA inhibition approach.
Results: For the standard and sample, Rf value of quercetin (0.49) was observed. Concentration range of quercetin
(60–160 ng/spot) was determined to be linear for the linearity approach, with a regression coefficient for quercetin
of 0.999 and an optimal recovery of 101.70%. The limits of detection and limits of quantification were found to
be 0.78 and 2.36 ng, respectively. Study revealed quercetin content differed among L. reticulata collected from
different geographical regions. The highest and lowest quercetin contents in L. reticulata were detected in LR-103
and LR-099, respectively. From the results obtained, sample LR-103 showed effective anti-inflammatory activity
compared to LR-099 at certain concentrations. Conclusion: The developed method is suitable for the detection
and quantification of the lowest content of quercetin in L. reticulata. The obtained data indicate that geographic
origin and climatic conditions may be major factors in determining the phytocompounds and biological activities
of L. reticulata plant species.
... Currently many countries are engaged in the manufacture and production of phyto medicines, but are lacking effective laboratories and equipments for the quality control standardization of herbal formulations. 2 Quality control for any formulation to be marketed plays an important role as quality of product indicates the safety and S773 Surve, et al.: Marker Based Standardization of Quercetin by Novel Spectroscopic Methods effectiveness of medicines. Quality control is compulsorily applied for both raw materials, excipients and finished produce. ...
... UVvisible spectroscopic and High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) has become a vital tool for the qualitative and quantitative phytochemical investigation of herbal medications and formulations over the past 20 years. [14][15]. Hence, we developed a quick qualitative and quantitative standardized technique for its quality control by using HPTLC and UV-visible spectroscopic methods for its improved therapeutic efficacy since this plant is a significant component of several traditional herbal formulations. ...
Background: The Malvaceae family of plants comprises the genus Abutilon, which include the ethnomedicinal plant Abutilon theophrasti.. It is important ingredient of several traditional herbal formulations. Rutin, also known as rutoside, has been investigated for a variety of pharmacological effects among them. Rutin is one of the active ingredients in numerous things, including tea leaves, apples, and many more. Materials and Methods: Hence, we intended to develop a method for its quality control quickly and validate it using UV-visible spectroscopic and HPTLC methods for better therapeutic efficacy. Results and Discussion: The determination was carried out in the ultraviolet (UV) region using the UV-visible spectroscopic absorbance mode at 203 nm and As the stationary phase, 20 cm × 10 cm HPTLC silica gel G60F254 plates with a fluorescent indicator were utilized. Ethyl acetate, formic acid, acetic acid, and water (13.4:1.4:1.4:3.6 v/v/v/v) made up the mobile phase. and the migration distance was 70 mm for the plate and chamber saturation. Rf value of rutin was determined to be 0.32, and a correlation coefficient of 0.9993 has been used to determine linearity in the concentration range of 200 to 1000 ng/spot.It was observed that the LOD and LOQ were 2.145 and 6.5, respectively. The method's accuracy, precision, and robustness also were validated. Conclusion: The results of the provided approach are highly reliable and repeatable. The method can be frequently used to concurrently identify rutin in Abutilon theophrasti extract. The recommended UV-visible spectroscopic and HPTLC method offers a quicker and more efficient quantitative control.
... It has been demonstrated that curcumin liposomal formulations are the most effective method for boosting curcumin bioavailability in cells [97], and products that are based on liposomal formulations are currently in the process of being commercialised. The size, surface area, charge, and hydrophobic nature of the nanocurcumin particles contribute to its efficacy, making it superior to native curcumin [98] and regarded as an acceptable target for employment as a medication in comparison to normal curcumin. This characteristic is particularly important in the battle against infectious diseases that are brought on by intracellular infections [99]. ...
Neuroinflammation is a characteristic sign of a wide variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, amongst others. Microglia, which are native immune cells found in the brain, become activated very quickly in response to a brain infection or injury. When microglia become overactivated, their production of pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic chemicals can become unregulated and uncontrolled, which is the primary cause of neuroinflammation. Microglia are principally responsible for neuroinflammation. As a result, the investigation of novel approaches to reduce neuroinflammatory reactions is an essential component of neurodegenerative disease treatment. In the research of brain inflammation, bacterial lipopolysaccharide is frequently used. This compound is responsible for the initiation of a number of significant cellular processes that significantly contribute to the pathophysiology of neuroinflammation.
... Various analytical techniques have been developed for the estimation of these compounds, either individually or in combination, from different sources. For instance, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UFLC methods have been established for the estimation of Quercetin [16][17][18][19][20][21][22], whereas HPLC and HPTLC techniques have been used for the estimation of Berberine [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], alone or in combination. Similarly, HPLC methods have been utilized for the quantification of Phytosterols [35][36][37][38][39]. ...
The objective of this study was to create a liquid chromatographic method that could accurately and simultaneously quantify the amount of Quercetin, Berberine, and Phytosterol present in lyophilized liposome used to treat metabolic syndrome. To achieve this goal, the team utilized a Shim‐pack GIST C8 column with a gradient elution of 0.1% (V/V) triethylamine buffer: acetonitrile at 30°C. They analyzed the phytoconstituents using an eluent flow rate of 1 mL/min and ultraviolet detection at 205 nm. The method was linear within a range of 25–77 μg/mL, which had excellent correlation coefficients ( R ² ) of 0.9998, 0.9998, and 0.9996 for Quercetin, Berberine, and Phytosterol, respectively. The %RSD for precision and robustness of the method were also less than 2%, and the recovery values for Quercetin, Berberine, and Phytosterol were 99.5%, 100.5%, and 99.8%, respectively. The assay values of were found to be 100.2%, 101.6%, and 100.5% for Quercetin, Berberine, and Phytosterol, loaded lyophilized liposomes, respectively. As a result, this specific, accurate, and precise method can be employed for the routine analysis of Quercetin, Berberine, and Phytosterols in QC laboratories.
... Background Previous studies were concluded that the about ayurvedic and unani medicines have lot of benefits and information regarding herbal remedies The Charaka Samhita (1000 B.C.), one of the first texts on Indian medicine, discusses the usage of more than 2000 plants for medical purposes [1,2]. One of the most versatile medicinal herbs, Oxalis corniculata Linn (Fig. 1). ...
Background
Oxalis corniculata is a well-known medicinal plant used in folk medicine for the management of many diseases. The aim is to determine the physico-chemical properties, microscopic study, phytochemical properties, in-silico, in-vitro antioxidant and anticancer activity on human Hepatocarcinoma (Hep-G2) cell line of O. corniculata plant extract.
Results
Microscopical study reaveals that presence of pericyclic fibres, starch gains, trichomes etc, and phytochemical screening is carried to find out secondary metabolites. The molecular docking study concluded that some of the phytocompounds showed inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase domain (PDB ID: 1M17) inhibitor. Furthermore, ADMET and drug likeness study hints some of phytocompounds may act as lead for anticancer drug discovery and development. Among selected phytocompounds, compound apigenin possesses − 7.90 kcal/mol as compared to standard drug doxorubicin possesses − 7.63 kcal/mol against the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. The plant extract shown antioxidant activities based on the different tests were performed. The hydroalcoholic plant extracts were found to be selectively cytotoxic in vitro to human Hepatocarcinoma (Hep-G2) cell line with IC 50 values 34.494 ± 0.42 µg/ml and EAF showed at IC 50 value 30.245 ± 0.58 µg/ml of the cells were inhibited at the concentration of 50 µg/ml as compared with standard doxorubicin at IC 50 value 24.8939 ± 0.25 µg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion
The present study concluded that O. corniculata possesses potential antioxidant and cytotoxic properties based upon the computer aided drug design models and in-vitro activity.
... The major goal of developing and validating analytical methods is to demonstrate that they are accurate, specific, precise, and robust for the particular drug (Doltade and Saudagar 2019;Kagawad et al. 2021). ...
Background
Heart Study has been operating for more than 40 years, and throughout that time it has found a number of risk variables that interact negatively to have an overall negative effect on cardiovascular disease (CVD) with an estimated 17.9 million deaths per year, CVD is the world's leading cause of death.
Main body
In the current study, we present spectrophotometric, chromatographic analysis and bioanalysis methods for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of 15 drugs, including small and large molecules, that the U.S. FDA approved between 2015 and June 2020 to treat CVD’s and in the current review work, they were presented.
Short conclusion
The review's conclusion is that spectroscopic, chromatographic and bioanalysis methods play important role in quality control and standardization of recently approved drugs from 2015 to 2020 for treating CVD’s in its bulk, pharmaceutical dosage form, synthetic mixture or human/rat plasma.
... Commonly identified problems include failure to verify that a finished batch meets product specifications for identity, purity, strength, and composition (Kapoor and Sharfstein, 2016). Quality control is one of the very important and essential steps in the manufacturing of dietary supplements as quality of products affect their safety and efficacy (Kagawad et al., 2021). Hence, the determination of the active ingredients in the finished products is required to check the compliance with the product specifications and to prove they contain the ingredients listed on the label in the declared potency and amount. ...
Quercetin is a natural flavonoid found abundantly in vegetables and fruits. It shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic, antiallergic, antidiabetic and antiviral activity. Increasingly popular dietary supplements containing quercetin require critical examination of their quality. The aim of this study was to develop a simple and accurate HPLC method for quercetin determination in dietary supplements. Chromatographic separation was achieved by isocratic method, using a Purospher STAR ® RP-18 reverse-phase column (150 x 4.6 mm i.d., particle size 5 μm), a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and water (acidified to pH 3.0), in a ratio of 30:70 (V/V), run at a flow rate of 1.1 mL/min. The column temperature was kept at 30 °C. The DAD detector was set at 257 nm and 375 nm. The injection volume was 20 μL. Isopropanol was used as a solvent. The method was validated by determining system suitability, specificity, linearity, range, limit of detection and quantification, accuracy, precision, and robustness. It is characterized by simple preparation, good precision (RSD ˂ 2%) and good analytical yield (100.09% and 100.29% at 257 nm and 375 nm, respectively). The limit of detection and quantification were 0.00071 μg/mL and 0.00215 μg/mL at 257 nm, and 0.00078 μg/mL and 0.00236 μg/mL at 375 nm, respectively. The system suitability test showed that method performance is similar at both wavelengths. This method can be recommended for routine analysis of dietary supplements containing quercetin in food quality control laboratories. doi: Original scientific paper
