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The steam distilled volatile oil obtained from dried Lippia multiflora Moldenke was examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major components were 1,8-cineole (60.5%), sabinene (16.9%), α-terpineol (14.1%) and α-pinene (4.4%). The oil displayed no antibacterial activity against either gram positive Bacillus cereus or Staphyloco...
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... essential oil was obtained as yellow oil (0.16% of the dried plant material). Analysis of the volatile constituents of the essential oil by GC-MS facilitated the identification of oil components, which are listed in Table 1. The oil of L. multiflora obtained from Nigeria in this work is characterized by its richness in 1,8-cineole (60.5%), sabinene (16.9%), α-terpineol (14.1%) and α- pinene (4.4%). ...
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... The higher value of eugenol in fraction C1 (90.20%) could be a result of the fractionation procedure, where some other components were removed, leaving behind a higher value of eugenol, while the lower quantity in fraction C2 also showed less eugenol during the fractionation procedure. According to Owolabi et al. (2009), the treatments given to the seeds after they were harvested or the place where the seeds were originally from may be a key factor for the variations in the essential oil components reported from different places. The fraction of the crude essential oil may account for the many components and the variation in the amount of each component. ...
Syzygium aromaticum has been used for over a century because it has biological qualities for several health-related problems, and the crude essential oils are known to contain several components that could be responsible for synergistic or antagonistic potentials in relation to their biological uses. The study was designed to compare the biological activities of the crude essential oil from the bud of Syzygium aromaticum and fractions obtained from column chromatography. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation, and two prominent fractions, C1 and C2, were obtained from the column chromatography separation of the crude essential oil. The quantitative phytochemical analysis was done by standard methods, the antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging assays. The antifungal activities were assessed by the agar diffusion method, while the anti-inflammatory activity was done using a lipoxygenase inhibitory assay. The major component observed in the crude and fractions was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis.
Results The phytochemical analysis showed that phenolic acid, tannin, saponin, flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and terpenoids were present in variable quantities in all of the fractions and crude essential oil. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for DPPH scavenging activity ranged from 226.1 to 301.2 μg/mL while that of ABTS scavenging activity ranged from 211.0 to 316.0 μg/mL. The lowest value of IC50 for both DPPH and ABTS was observed in fraction C1. The crude essential oil with a minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) value of 8.00 mg/mL was the most efficient against Candida albicans, Aspergillus penicillum, and Aspergillus niger. The anti-inflammatory assay showed C1 to have the lowest value of IC50 for the lipoxygenase assay. The major component observed
in the crude essential oil as well as fraction C1 was eugenol, while fraction C2 had β-caryophyllene as the major component.The result showed that all fractions as well as the crude essential oil exhibited antioxidant, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activities, and the crude essential oil was synergic only with respect to its antifungal activity, while fraction C1 was more efficient as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent.
... Owolabi and al. [54] have shown that the toxicological action of volatile molecules in plant extracts could be due to the poisoning of insects during food intake. Extracts of P. glandulosus may in part cause mortality of S. zeamais compared to C. maculatus by ingestion through the digestive tract when they puncture seeds for egg laying or foraging. ...
... Most studies carried out on L. multiflora related to the characterization of essential oils in flowers and leaves [23,24,25]. In addition, some authors have highlighted the presence of secondary metabolites including flavonoid compounds in extracts of this plant Flavonoids, by their properties as free radical scavengers, are involved in the prevention of oxidative damage caused by oxygen species activated on cellular molecules [27]. ...
The leaves of Lippia multiflora contain secondary metabolites including flavonoids which have an important antioxidant activity. This study aims to optimize the extraction conditions of total flavonoids and the antioxidant activity of these leaves. To achieve this, the Plackett-Burman design was used for the screening of the factors influencing the extraction, then the central composite design was implemented for the optimization itself. The effects of five factors, such as the plant-to-solvent ratio, the nature of the extraction solvent, the extraction time, the extraction method and the size of the L. multiflora leaves, on the extraction of total flavonoids and the antioxidant activity were studied. Results of Plackett-Burman design indicated that factors influencing both flavonoids extraction and antioxidant activity were the solid-liquid ratio and extraction time. The predicted optimal conditions for the highest flavonoids content from L. multiflora leaf with better antioxidant activity were found with aqueous decoction for 30 min with 3.5 g of cut leaves in 100 mL of distilled water. Using the predicted conditions, experimental responses were 87.18 ± 1.03 mg/g QE and 372.34 ± 4.04 µmol/g TE for total flavonoids and antioxidant capacity, respectively. Under the above-mentioned conditions, the experimental results are very close to predicted one. Thus, L. multiflora leaf can be considered as a natural source of flavonoids content with good antioxidant activity.
... Aromatic plants such as Lippia multiflora are considered to be a safe way of controlling pests (Boulogne et al. 2012). Scientifically, the essential oil from this plant has been reported to have insecticidal (Tia et al. 2013(Tia et al. , 2020 and pesticidal properties against body lice as well as significant antimicrobial activity (Baba et al. 1997;Owolabi et al. 2009;Bassolé et al. 2010). Oladimeji et al. (2000) reported pediculocidal and scabicidal properties of the essential oil of L. multiflora. ...
The present study investigated the potential use of the nano-emulsion of Lippia multiflora Mold. essential oil in managing the cabbage pest (Brassica oleracea L.) in two Ivorian areas (Yamoussoukro and Korhogo) during the wet seasons (April-September 2018). The nano-emulsion was tested against cabbage diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), aphid (Brevicoryne brassicae), webworm (Hellula undalis), cutworm (Spodoptera exigua) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) under field conditions. The efficacy of essential oil emulsion was compared with the synthetic pesticide Karate 5 EC (Lambda cyhalothrin 52 g ? l-1). The results indicated that the nano-emulsion of essential oil gave better control of the cabbage insect pest than the untreated plots. For all the insects studied, the nano-emulsion was very effective towards the species B. brassicae and P. xylostella for which the reduction of the mean population was respectively, 28.48 } 0.2 and 0.6 } 0.02 in Yamoussoukro and 0.0 and 7.11 } 0.16 in Korhogo, compared to 45.32 } 0.43 and 15.89 } 0.23, respectively, for untreated plots. The yields of cabbage heads obtained in both areas Yamoussoukro and Korhogo were 4.7 and 15, respectively. The head damage percentages were 23.3% in Yamoussoukro and 26.7% in Korhogo when the fields were sprayed with nano-emulsion and were 13.3% and 28.3%, respectively, when the cabbages were treated with the synthetic pesticide. The formulation obtained here might be an interesting alternative for integrated pest management of cabbage.
... However, phenology and genetic or developmental stage of plant organs should also be considered [80,81] According to previous studies, a high chemical polymorphism has also been observed at the level of African Lippia species. In contrast to the Angolan species, high concentrations of 1,8-cineole and Sabinene were found in oils from Nigeria [82], Togo [83], Ivory Coast [29], Benin [84] and Ghana [18]. A Geraniol, Geranial/Neral, Thymol, Linalool, Tagetone/Ipsenol, Epoxy-myrcene, p-cymene/Thymol/Ethyl acetate, Myrtenol/Linalool/1,8cineole, and Nerolidol chemotypes were also described [29,37,82,83,85]. ...
... In contrast to the Angolan species, high concentrations of 1,8-cineole and Sabinene were found in oils from Nigeria [82], Togo [83], Ivory Coast [29], Benin [84] and Ghana [18]. A Geraniol, Geranial/Neral, Thymol, Linalool, Tagetone/Ipsenol, Epoxy-myrcene, p-cymene/Thymol/Ethyl acetate, Myrtenol/Linalool/1,8cineole, and Nerolidol chemotypes were also described [29,37,82,83,85]. These studies thus demonstrate that the Angolan species is atypical in its chemical composition compared to its neighbours. ...
... The Ivory Coast plant gave better antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa with MIC = MBC = 0.9 mg/mL [32,114]. Moreover, MIC values range from 3 to 96 × 10 −3 mL −1 for Lippia from Gabon and no antibacterial activity was observed for Nigerian plant against S. aureus or E. coli [82,116]. The antimicrobial activity of any essential oil is not attributable to just one mechanism but to several ones widely described in the literature [89]. ...
The purpose of the study was to determine the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Lippia multiflora Moldenke essential oils (EOs) collected in different regions of Angola. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar wells technique and vapour phase test. Analysis of the oils by GC/MS identified thirty-five components representing 67.5 to 100% of the total oils. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were the most prevalent compounds, followed by oxygenated monoterpenes. The content of the compounds varied according to the samples. The main components were Limonene, Piperitenone, Neral, Citral, Elemol, p-cymene, Transtagetone, and Artemisia ketone. Only one of the eleven samples contained Verbenone as the majority compound. In the vapour phase test, a single oil was the most effective against all the pathogens studied. The principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of components of the selected EOs and inhibition zone diameter values of agar wells technique allowed us to identify a variability between the plants from the two provinces, but also intraspecific variability between sub-groups within a population. Each group of essential oils constituted a chemotype responsible for their bacterial inhibition capacity. The results presented here suggest that Angolan Lippia multiflora Moldenke has antibacterial properties and could be a potential source of antimicrobial agents for the pharmaceutical and food industry.
... These results are contradictory to the findings of Tia et al. (2011) and Soro et al. (2015), those who reported predominance of oxygenated terpenes such as linalol, (E)-Nerolidol and thymol in the essential oil of L. multiflora from Yamoussoukro and Bondoukou respectively. Also, 1.8 cineole at a rate of 60.5% was previously detected by Owolabi et al. (2009). In addition, in this study, citral and 1.8 cineole, with respective proportions of 41.5% and 11.4% were the main molecules of L. multiflora oil. ...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of Lippia multiflor and Melaleuca leucadendron essential oils against three phytopathogenic fungi (Rhizopus sp., Fusarim sp., and Aspergillus sp.) associated with Ipomea batatas tuberous. Essential oils had been extracted by steam distillation method from leaves of selected plants and their chemical composition was characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Essential oil composition characterization was followed by the estimation of percentage mycelial growth inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration of the isolated essential oils against the tested pathogens by the Sabouraud dilution medium method. Antifungal activity of different concentrations of isolated essential oils was evaluated by using the microdilution method. The most abundant compounds identified in the M. leucadendron essential oil are 1,8-cineole (38.2%), viridiflorol (13.4%), α-Pinene (12.5%), α-terpineol(9.2%), and geranial (22.8%) while L. multiflora essential oil have neral (18.7%), 1,8-Cineole (11.4%), α-Phellandrene (6.8%), sabinene (3.5%) as active ingredients. The concentration of essential oils which completely inhibited the mycelial growth and spore germination of all the tested pathogen varies and it was reported 0.33µL/mL and 0.66µL/mL for L. multiflora respectively while it was reported 24 µL/mL for M. leucadendron, for both effect, seven days of incubation. The minimum concentration of fungicidal essential oil against Aspergillus sp. was 0.33µL/mL for L. multiflora. The findings of the current study confirm the fungicidal properties of the tested essential oils and their potential use in the management of economically important fungal pathogens of Ipomea batatas. Further, these essential oils can be used as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides.
... L. multiflora Moldenke is a shrubby aromatic plant, growing up to 1.2 m with whitish flowers on conelike heads in a terminal panicle, and nearly 12 mm long. 24 It is widely distributed in west and Central Tropical Africa. 25 ...
... The variability is thought to be as a result of variation in chemical component due to geographical cultivation and other environmental and genetic factors. 24 Oladimeji et al. 19 and Juliani et al. 14 reported a widely varied yield for the oil. In a study of the seasonal variability of the oil yield from the plant in the authors' laboratory, it was revealed that the plant exhibits seasonal variability in its oil content between January and June with the highest yield of 1.57% in June. ...
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), medicinal plants represent the main product for both urban and rural populations for their health care needs due to the high costs of conventional medicine. These plant species contain bioactive compounds also called phytochemicals that are capable of modulating metabolic processes and resulting in the promotion of better health. In the present paper, the aims were to give updated information on the physical properties, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of L. multiflora, medicinal plant in Republic Democratic of the Congo (DR. Congo). A literature search of this specie was conducted to obtain information about the nutritional value, phytochemistry and biological activities from various electronic databases (PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, Google scholar and Sci-hub). The chemical structures of L. multiflora naturally occurring compounds were drawn using ChemBioDraw Ultra 12.0 software package. In this study, the bibliographic references were using bibliographic software Mendeley. L. multiflora Moldenke is a tropical to subtropical herbaceous aromatic plant widely distributed in West and Central Tropical Africa. It has been traditionally used in ethnomedecine against various disorders. It has been reported that the essential oil composition of L. multiflora from some locations were characterized by high terpenoids content, in particular: 1,8-cineole, linalool, geranial and neral, ipsdienone and (Z)- and (E)-ocimenone, thymol and thymyl acetate, p-cymene, sabinene, α-terpineol, α-phellandrene, myrcene and epoxymyrcene, myrtenol, limonene, (E)- and (Z)-tagetone and ipsenone, nerolidol, geraniol, γ-terpinene, (E)-caryophyllene, and β-farnesene). Many study reported that the plant possess various biological properties like anti-hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-analgesic, anti-pyretic, anti-malaria, anti-oxydant, anti-microbial activities. The present review can therefore help inform future scientific research towards the development of novel drugs of relevance from L. multiflora for the improvement of human health and wellbeing.
... Le genre Lippia (Verbanacée) compte 200 espèces (Pascual et al., 2001), recensées et distribuées dans les pays d'Amérique centrale, du sud et dans les territoires d'Afrique tropicale (Etou Ossibi et al., 2005 ;Owolabi et al., 2009 ;Gouollaly et al., 2010 ;Etou Ossibi et al., 2016 ;Abena et al., 2017). Les feuilles à arôme plaisant et caractéristique sont consommées sous forme de thé d'où l'appellation commune de thé de Gambie ou de savane (Gouollaly et al., 2010 ;N'guessan and Yao-kouame, 2010). ...
... La composition chimique des huiles essentielles, de différentes origines a déjà été déterminée et les constituants majeurs ont été identifiés (Bassolé et al., 2003 ;Kunle et al., 2003 ;Oladimeji et al., 2004 ;Agnaniet et al., 2005 ;Avlessi et al., 2005 ;Juliani et al., 2006 ;Owolabi et al., 2009 ;Gouollaly et al., 2010 ;Kuamaglo et al., 2011 (Owolabi et al., 2009 ;Gouollaly, 2010). La composition chimique en protéines, sucres, lipides et éléments minéraux de l'espèce ivoirienne de diverses localités a été déjà rapportée dans la littérature Fatty acids and unsaponifiable from extracts obtained from the flowering tops and leaves of the domesticated species Lippia Multiflora Moldenke (Ekissi et al., 2013 ;Ekissi et al., 2017). ...
... La composition chimique des huiles essentielles, de différentes origines a déjà été déterminée et les constituants majeurs ont été identifiés (Bassolé et al., 2003 ;Kunle et al., 2003 ;Oladimeji et al., 2004 ;Agnaniet et al., 2005 ;Avlessi et al., 2005 ;Juliani et al., 2006 ;Owolabi et al., 2009 ;Gouollaly et al., 2010 ;Kuamaglo et al., 2011 (Owolabi et al., 2009 ;Gouollaly, 2010). La composition chimique en protéines, sucres, lipides et éléments minéraux de l'espèce ivoirienne de diverses localités a été déjà rapportée dans la littérature Fatty acids and unsaponifiable from extracts obtained from the flowering tops and leaves of the domesticated species Lippia Multiflora Moldenke (Ekissi et al., 2013 ;Ekissi et al., 2017). ...
... These variations may be due to the factors mentioned earlier in Section 2.4. [28,91,94] ...
Most species of the genus Laggera are often used in traditional and folk medicines for the treatment of jaundice, inflammation, leukemia, removing phlegm, bronchitis and bacterial diseases. The essential oils obtained from Laggera plants are rich sources of oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Among oxygenated monoterpenes, aromatic ether 2,5‐dimethoxy‐p‐cymene is the most abundant and dominant compound of many essential oils of the Laggera species. Till today, to the best of our knowledge, chemical compounds of the essential oils and/or extracts of only eight Laggera species were reported from different countries. Thus, this review presents the chemical compositions and biological activities of the essential oils of these plants studied in thirteen countries. In addition, it discusses the reported ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological information as well as biological activities of the extracts and some of the isolated compounds of Laggera plants species.
... Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), and cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) EOs also reduced the initial total bacterial count, psychrophilic bacteria, and total mold and yeast as well as prolonged the shelf life of fillets of carp (Cyprinus carpio) during cold storage at 4 °C (Hasan et al. 2017). These oils have common components (cineole, α-pinene, α-terpineol, sabinene and limonene) with proven antimicrobial effects (Abdelwahab et al. 2017;Chegini and Abbasipour 2017;Takayama et al. 2016;Owolabi et al. 2009;García-Jiménez et al. 2000). Our results for tambaqui are probably related to the presence of 1.8-cineole (24.1%) and 4-terpineol (20.2%) as major components in AEO, which likely mediated the lower bacterial count at day 7 in the treatment with highest EO level. ...
We investigated the effect of Alpinia zerumbet essential oil on the quality and shelf life of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fillets stored under refrigeration (10.0 ± 0.5 °C) for 14 days. The treatments were A. zerumbet essential oil at 0.75% v v-1 (AEO 0.75%), A. zerumbet essential oil at 1.5% v v-1 (AEO 1.5%) and a control (no essential oil). The sample quality and shelf life were determined by the total psychrotrophic count (TPC) and chemical parameters (pH, total volatile basic nitrogen, centesimal composition and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS) at zero, seven and 14 days of storage time. The TPC decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with an A. zerumbetessential oil level of 1.5% until seven days of storage. The concentration of A. zerumbet essential oil at 0.75% resulted in lower pH, TBARS, and TVBN values in comparison with the other treatment and the control. Thus, A. zerumbet essential oil was efficient in extending the shelf life of refrigerated tambaqui fillets up to approximately seven days.
