TABLE 1 - uploaded by Pierre Lozouet
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-Characters states of7 genera of Planaxidae used to generate the tree in fig. 6 ; 1-3 ~ present; a = absent; ? ~ dubious state : Pla tPlanaxisï, Fis i Fissilabia), Lei tLeioplanaxis), Mir (Fissi/abia mirabilis), Sup i Supplanaxis), Hin i Hinea), Cab (Cabania). Hol (Ha/castama) , Diat (Diastoma ~
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La famille des Planaxidae est signalée pour la première fois à l'Oligocène et au Miocène. Cinq genres (Supplanaxis, Eocène moyen; Hinea, Eocène à Miocène ; Fissilabia, Oligocène supérieur à Miocène inférieur; Cabania, Miocène inférieur; Leioplanaxis, Eocène moyen) et huit espèces sont reconnues. Le genre Leioplanaxis est créé pour « Orthochilus » d...
Citations
... Lesport and A. Cluzaud). A few molluscan species from the Maïnot area have been published (e.g., LOZOUET & MAESTRATI, 1994, DOLIN & LOZOUET, 2004. These deposits are part of a wide fossiliferous zone to the east of the commune of Saint-Paul-lès-Dax (Landes), several outcrops of which are known for their famous faunas (Castet-crabe, Maïnot, Cabanes, Mandillot). ...
... comm. 5/11/2010 Dolicholatirus UM I, A Vokes, 1977b; Vermeij & Snyder, 2006 Eunaticina EM I, P Ficus Pl I, A, P Landau et al., 2004b Fissilabia EM I Lozouet & Maestrati, 1994 Galeropsis EM I, A, P Lozouet & Le Renard, 1998 Gemmuloborsonia UM I Sysoev & Bouchet, 1996 Globularia-Cernina EM I Lozouet et al., 2001 Gourmya EM I, Px Lozouet et al., 2001 Hinea brasiliana group EM I Lozouet & Maestrati, 1994 Ilynerita UM I Vermeij et al., 2009 Irravadia UO I Lozouet, 2003 Jenneria EM Ax, P Lozouet et al., 2001 Lampanella EM A Ozawa et al., 2009 Leptoconchus UM I, Ax Lozouet & Le Renard, 1998 Lindapterys UM I, A Lozouet et al., 1994; Vokes, 1996 ...
Aim Since the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, many tropical taxa from the Indo‐West Pacific (IWP) realm have entered the Mediterranean Sea, which is experiencing rising temperatures. My aims are: (1) to compare biogeographically this tropical transformation of the Mediterranean biota with the tropical faunas of the Mediterranean and adjacent southern European and West African seas during the Late Oligocene to Pliocene interval; (2) to infer the relative contributions of the tropical eastern Atlantic and IWP to the tropical component of the marine biota in southern Europe; and (3) to understand why West Africa is not now a major source of warm‐water species.
Location Southern Europe, including the Mediterranean Sea, and the coast of tropical West Africa.
Methods I surveyed the literature on fossil and living shell‐bearing molluscs to infer the sources and fates of tropical subgenus‐level taxa living in southern Europe and West Africa during the Late Oligocene to Pliocene interval.
Results Ninety‐four taxa disappeared from the tropical eastern Atlantic (including the Mediterranean) but persisted elsewhere in the tropics, mainly in the IWP (81 taxa, 86%) and to a lesser extent in tropical America (36 taxa, 38%). Nine taxa inferred to have arrived in the tropical eastern Atlantic from the west after the Pliocene did not enter the Mediterranean. The modern West African fauna is today isolated from that of other parts of the marine tropics.
Main conclusions Taxa now entering the Mediterranean through the Suez Canal are re‐establishing a link with the IWP that last existed 16 million years ago. This IWP element, which evolved under oligotrophic conditions and under a regime of intense anti‐predatory selection, will continue to expand in the increasingly warm and increasingly oligotrophic Mediterranean. The IWP source fauna contrasts with the tropical West African biota, which evolved under productive conditions and in a regime of less anti‐predatory specialization. Until now, the post‐Pliocene West African source area has been isolated from the Mediterranean by cold upwelling. If further warming should reduce this barrier, as occurred during the productive and warm Early Pliocene, the Mediterranean could become a meeting place for two tropical faunas of contrasting source conditions.
... The molluscan assemblage from Le Quoniam (Pacaud 2003) indisputably represents an accumulation of organisms coming from different environments. In the pebble-bearing sandy strata, the littorinids Echinolittorina Habe, 1956, Littoraria Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834, Melarhaphe Menke, 1828and Peasiella Nevill, 1884, the planaxids Leioplanaxis Lozouet & Maestrati, 1994 and Hinea Gray, 1847 as well as numerous other genera that are very abundant at Le Quoniam, indicate a mediolittoral community living on hard substrates (Lozouet & Maestrati 1994;Dolin & Pacaud 2000). Some terrestrial and lagoonal species have also been transported to the area. ...
... The molluscan assemblage from Le Quoniam (Pacaud 2003) indisputably represents an accumulation of organisms coming from different environments. In the pebble-bearing sandy strata, the littorinids Echinolittorina Habe, 1956, Littoraria Griffith & Pidgeon, 1834, Melarhaphe Menke, 1828and Peasiella Nevill, 1884, the planaxids Leioplanaxis Lozouet & Maestrati, 1994 and Hinea Gray, 1847 as well as numerous other genera that are very abundant at Le Quoniam, indicate a mediolittoral community living on hard substrates (Lozouet & Maestrati 1994;Dolin & Pacaud 2000). Some terrestrial and lagoonal species have also been transported to the area. ...
Five gastropod taxa of the family Neritidae in the Ypresian and Bartonian (Eocene) of the Paris and Basse-Loire Basins, are introduced: Cuisenerita gen. nov., Tomostoma angusta sp. nov., Nerita gouetensis sp. nov., Clithon barbei sp. nov., Neritodryas guillioui sp. nov. and Cuisenerita tuberosa sp. nov. New combinations introduced are: Neritodryas dutemplei (Deshayes, 1864) and Neritodryas globosa (J. de C. Sowerby, 1823). This is the earliest record of Neritodryas and the first record for this genus from Europe.
... Most litiopid and planaxid species have rather small adult shells. Some taxa like the lower Miocene Dalliella brusinai Cossmann, 1895 from France, the type species of Dalliella Cossmann, 1895 (see Lozouet & Maestrati, 1994,fig. 1D), NEW NEOGENE CAENOGASTROPOD FROM CHILE have a thin shell and a similar shell outline, but the specimen figured by Lozouet & Maestrati (1994) is only about 7 mm high while Ipunina reaches more than 30 mm. ...
... Some taxa like the lower Miocene Dalliella brusinai Cossmann, 1895 from France, the type species of Dalliella Cossmann, 1895 (see Lozouet & Maestrati, 1994,fig. 1D), NEW NEOGENE CAENOGASTROPOD FROM CHILE have a thin shell and a similar shell outline, but the specimen figured by Lozouet & Maestrati (1994) is only about 7 mm high while Ipunina reaches more than 30 mm. Dalliella has previously been classified within Planaxidae but Lozouet & Maestrati (1994) placed it provisionally in Litiopidae, mainly because its thin shell and siphonal canal resemble rather Litiopidae than Planaxidae. ...
... 1D), NEW NEOGENE CAENOGASTROPOD FROM CHILE have a thin shell and a similar shell outline, but the specimen figured by Lozouet & Maestrati (1994) is only about 7 mm high while Ipunina reaches more than 30 mm. Dalliella has previously been classified within Planaxidae but Lozouet & Maestrati (1994) placed it provisionally in Litiopidae, mainly because its thin shell and siphonal canal resemble rather Litiopidae than Planaxidae. No protoconch is known for Dalliella. ...
A new genus and species of lower caenogastropod, Ipunina vladimiri, is described from Neogene sediments of the islands Chiloé and Ipún, southern Chile. Ipunina has a protoconch with strong axial ribs on the upper side and a pattern of boxes on the periphery of the whorls, and a thin-shelled
bucciniform teleoconch with strong spiral cords. Neither larval nor adult shell-morphology completely resolves the systematic
placement. Affinities with Litiopidae, Planaxidae and Provannidae are discussed and placement in Litiopidae is favoured based
on protoconch sculpture. This is the first record of Litiopidae from the Neogene of south-western South America.
... The nonsiphonate, sedentary, miniaturized Fossaridae (Miocene to Recent [Bandel and Kowalke 1997b]) are close to and likely derived from weakly siphonate Planaxidae (Warén and Bouchet 1988;Houbrick 1990a;Bandel and Kowalke 1997b). The latter family is known from the Eocene onward (Lozouet and Maestrati 1994).Three or four independent lineages of marine cerithioideans invaded brackish and fresh water beginning no later than the Late Jurassic (Bandel 1991a), and secondarily lost the siphonal indentation in each case. These groups are centered on Thiaridae, Pachychilidae, Paludomidae, and Melanopsidae-Pleuroceridae (Houbrick 1988;Bandel 1991bBandel , 1992Glaubrecht 1999;Simone 2001;Lydeard et al. 2002;Kö hler et al. 2004). ...
Most evolutionary innovations—power-enhancing phenotypes previously absent in a lineage—have arisen multiple times within major clades. This repetition permits a comparative approach to ask how, where, when, in which clades, and under which circumstances adaptive innovations are acquired and secondarily lost. I use new and literature-based data on the phylogeny, functional morphology, and fossil record of gastropods to explore the acquisition and loss of the siphonal canal and its variations in gastropods. The siphonal indentation, canal, notch, or tube at the front end of the shell is associated in living gastropods with organs that detect chemical signals directionally and at a distance in an anteriorly restricted inhalant stream of water.
Conservative estimates indicate that the siphonate condition arose 23 times and was secondarily lost 17 times. Four siphonate clades have undergone prodigious diversification. All siphonate gastropods have a shell whose axis of coiling lies at a low angle above the plane of the aperture (retroaxial condition). In early gastropods, the siphonal canal was short and more or less confined to the apertural plane. Later (mainly Cretaceous and Cenozoic) variations include a dorsally deflected canal, a long canal, and a closed canal. The closed siphonal canal, in which the edges join to form a tube, arose 15 times, all in the adult stages of caenogastropods with determinate growth.
Gastropods in which the siphonate condition arose were mobile, bottom-dwelling, microphagous animals. Active predaceous habits became associated with the siphonate condition in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Purpurinidae-Latrogastropoda clade. Loss of the siphonate condition is associated with nonmarine habits, miniaturization, and especially with a sedentary or slow-moving mode of life.
The siphonate condition arose seven times each during the early to middle Paleozoic, the late Paleozoic, and the early to middle Mesozoic, and only once each during the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. Well-adapted incumbents prevented most post-Jurassic clades from evolving a siphonal indentation and its associated organs. Dorsally deflected, long, and closed canals are known only from Cretaceous and Cenozoic marine gastropods, and represent improvements in sensation and passive armor.
In a discussion of contrasting ecologies of clades that gained and lost the siphonate condition, I argue that macroevolutionary trends in the comings and goings of innovations and clades must incorporate ecological and functional data. Acquisitions of energy-intensive, complex innovations that yield greater power have a greater effect on ecosystems, communities, and their resident clades than do reversals, which generally reflect energy savings.
... The nonsiphonate, sedentary, miniaturized Fossaridae (Miocene to Recent [Bandel and Kowalke 1997b]) are close to and likely derived from weakly siphonate Planaxidae (Warén and Bouchet 1988;Houbrick 1990a;Bandel and Kowalke 1997b). The latter family is known from the Eocene onward (Lozouet and Maestrati 1994).Three or four independent lineages of marine cerithioideans invaded brackish and fresh water beginning no later than the Late Jurassic (Bandel 1991a), and secondarily lost the siphonal indentation in each case. These groups are centered on Thiaridae, Pachychilidae, Paludomidae, and Melanopsidae-Pleuroceridae (Houbrick 1988;Bandel 1991bBandel , 1992Glaubrecht 1999;Simone 2001;Lydeard et al. 2002;Kö hler et al. 2004). ...
Most evolutionary innovations—power-enhancing phenotypes previously absent in a lineage—have arisen multiple times within major clades. This repetition permits a comparative approach to ask how, where, when, in which clades, and under which circumstances adaptive innovations are acquired and secondarily lost. I use new and literature-based data on the phylogeny, functional morphology, and fossil record of gastropods to explore the acquisition and loss of the siphonal canal and its variations in gastropods. The siphonal indentation, canal, notch, or tube at the front end of the shell is associated in living gastropods with organs that detect chemical signals directionally and at a distance in an anteriorly restricted inhalant stream of water.
Conservative estimates indicate that the siphonate condition arose 23 times and was secondarily lost 17 times. Four siphonate clades have undergone prodigious diversification. All siphonate gastropods have a shell whose axis of coiling lies at a low angle above the plane of the aperture (retroaxial condition). In early gastropods, the siphonal canal was short and more or less confined to the apertural plane. Later (mainly Cretaceous and Cenozoic) variations include a dorsally deflected canal, a long canal, and a closed canal. The closed siphonal canal, in which the edges join to form a tube, arose 15 times, all in the adult stages of caenogastropods with determinate growth.
Gastropods in which the siphonate condition arose were mobile, bottom-dwelling, microphagous animals. Active predaceous habits became associated with the siphonate condition in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Purpurinidae-Latrogastropoda clade. Loss of the siphonate condition is associated with nonmarine habits, miniaturization, and especially with a sedentary or slow-moving mode of life.
The siphonate condition arose seven times each during the early to middle Paleozoic, the late Paleozoic, and the early to middle Mesozoic, and only once each during the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. Well-adapted incumbents prevented most post-Jurassic clades from evolving a siphonal indentation and its associated organs. Dorsally deflected, long, and closed canals are known only from Cretaceous and Cenozoic marine gastropods, and represent improvements in sensation and passive armor.
In a discussion of contrasting ecologies of clades that gained and lost the siphonate condition, I argue that macroevolutionary trends in the comings and goings of innovations and clades must incorporate ecological and functional data. Acquisitions of energy-intensive, complex innovations that yield greater power have a greater effect on ecosystems, communities, and their resident clades than do reversals, which generally reflect energy savings.
... Additionally, as discussed by Vermeij and Collins (1988), fossilization of intertidal hard bottom communities is poor and consequently the lack of data is more significant. Thus the intertidal family Planaxidae, which is rare in the fossil record, was only recently recognized in Eocene strata of Nigeria (Adegoke, 1977) and in Oligocene and Miocene deposits of Europe (Lozouet and Maestrati, 1994). Moreover, these spatial and temporal disjunctions point out the problem of trans-Atlantic interchanges in the Cenozoic. ...
THE WEST Indian Top-shell, Cittarium pica (Linnaeus, 1758), is a very classic and common species of the Caribbean faunal province. Until now the only known fossil occurrence of Cittarium pica, and of the genus Cittarium, is from Pleistocene deposits restricted to the Caribbean province (Clench and Abbott, 1943).
Despite the turbiniform shell, the monotypic genus Cittarium belongs to the family Trochidae and was assigned to the tribe Gibbilini Stoliczka, 1868 by Hickman and McLean (1990). This paper
reports a new species of Cittarium and the only record outside the Caribbean province. More than twenty million years separate the single modern species of Cittarium and the new fossil species.
All material collected is deposited in Museéum national d’Histoire
Naturelle, Paris (MNHN).
Evolutionary transitions from water to land are infrequent. The physical contrasts between these media are amplified by biological differences in the patterns of selection. A new compilation, based on published phylogenetic and fossil evidence, identifies 30 separate instances of terrestrial colonization by gastropods, at least 12 from the sea and 14 from freshwater. Pre-Cenozoic transitions, mainly from freshwater and all tropical, resulted in high terrestrial diversity. Most Cenozoic colonizations were local, especially on oceanic islands, and yielded few terrestrial species. An increasingly predator-rich terrestrial environment after the Cretaceous made colonization on land unlikely except in cryptic habitats and on islands. Colonization from the sea became possible only in the Cenozoic, when marine lineages became specialized for life on the upper seashore. The results are compared with terrestrial colonizations by other groups of plants and animals.
The West Indian Top-shell, Cittarium pica (Linnaeus, 1758), is a very classic and common species of the Caribbean faunal province. Until now the only known fossil occurrence of Cittarium pica, and of the genus Cittarium, is from Pleistocene deposits restricted to the Caribbean province (Clench and Abbott, 1943). Despite the turbiniform shell, the monotypic genus Cittarium belongs to the family Trochidae and was assigned to the tribe Gibbilini Stoliczka, 1868 by Hickman and McLean (1990). This paper reports a new species of Cittarium and the only record outside the Caribbean province. More than twenty million years separate the single modern species of Cittarium and the new fossil species. All material collected is deposited in Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN).
The genus Pseudocypraea Schilder, 1927 (Gastropoda, Cypraeoidea, Ovulidae) was previously known by the living type species Pseudocypraea adamsonii (Sowerby, 1832) from Indo-Pacific Province, Galapagos and Coco islands and by the deep-water species Pseudocypraea exquisita Petuch, 1979 from the Philippines and South Africa. Pseudocypraea dolini n. sp. is described here from the Bartonian (Marinesian, middle Eocene) of Le Quoniam (Haravilliers, Val d’Oise, France). Pseudocypraea eratoformis (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880) n. comb. is also proposed for Cypraea (Cypraeovulva) eratoformis Hoernes & Auinger, 1880 from the Langhian (early Badenian, middle
Miocene) of Lapugiu de Sus (“Lapugy”, Rumania). These two fossils confirm
the diagnostic characters of Pseudocypraea, hitherto only based on the two
extant species. The total number of species is now raised to four and the
geographical distribution of the genus enlarged
