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Characteristics of Sustainable Agriculture
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Despite of the advancement in technology and excessive use of chemical fertilizers for agricultural production, about 870 million people around the globe are hunger stricken due to various resource scarcities. There is a need to boost the agricultural productivity in order to feed the population which is growing in sky rocketing way. Food insecurit...
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Citations
... The reforms and actions that give women equal access to financial and natural resources (Esquivel & Sweetman, 2016) contribute to improving the well-being of women and the nutrition of their children (Duflo, 2012). This goal is seen as a strategy to increase food security (Agarwal & Herring, 2013), reduce poverty (Jayachandran, 2015), and ensure sustainable development (Tiwari & Shingh, 2020). Nonetheless, most of our understanding of spatial distribution and the magnitude of gender inequality is derived from national statistics or from limited case studies, and the gender gap in terms of wages for full-time employees in the workplace still exists. ...
There are many challenges facing both men and women, but the most significant one is the inequality between their statuses in the workplace, whether it is obtaining a job, achieving promotions, or following policies that favor one sex over the other. A special study on gender inequality was needed, completely different from previous research. This paper, as a reference study, examines gender inequality in its concept as well as its various dimensions and how researchers view it. This study can be beneficial by adding new ideas to the subject matter and proposing different solutions to the problem. It aims to answer the following question: what are the factors causing gender inequality at workplace and what solutions are proposed? An analysis of the subject from a critical perspective with a new way of seeing it from several dimensionsand a way of discovering the research gap that existed within previous studies.
... The hope of equality between women and men continues to this day. Many types of research on gender have been carried out by experts in various sectors, such as the economy (Behrman & Zhang, 1995;Monteon, 2018), agriculture (Tiwari & Shingh, 2020), health (Kiely et al., 2019), military (Takamatsu, 2018), to education (Golob & Makarovič, 2019;Izzati et al., 2019;Mursidin et al., 2018;Paechter, 2021;Tran & Nguyen, 2020). Various solutions have been formulated to address gender issues (Balalaieva, 2019;Fitria, 2021;Kantola & Lombardo, 2018) but they persist. ...
The increasing awareness of researchers on the importance of gender equality in various fields influences the field of Indonesian literature. Folktales that have been considered as a source of noble values began to be re-evaluated. Various forms of depiction that allegedly contain gender injustice are questioned. However, attention to gender issues in Indonesian folktales and their significance to education has not received serious attention. Using the Google Scholar database regarding the publication of scientific journals of Indonesian researchers in 2015-2021, this paper identifies patterns and trends of Indonesian researchers in analyzing gender issues in Indonesian folktales. Furthermore, a discussion of the implications of these findings for education is presented. This paper argues that the study of gender issues in folktales is still primarily focused on textual analysis. Applied research is needed that focuses on efforts to reconstruct stories from a gender perspective and use them in students’ reading texts, especially in primary education. In Indonesia, at the primary education level, folktales are often used as children’s reading material. Through these studies, an understanding of gender equality can be taught from an early age.
... Agriculture is the major source of income for the people in Nepal [3]. Around 83% of the population are engaged in agriculture [19] [20]. Growth rate of agriculture sector during this period was 4.7% and that of population was 1.35% [21] [22] which shows a promising performance of this sector. ...
... Sustainable agriculture simply means sustainable production system based on natural processes in which maximal but sustainable use of local resources is focused [20]. The main goal of sustainable Agriculture has focused on the principle that one must meet the needs of the present without hampering the ability of future generations to meet their own resource needs. ...
Agriculture is the backbone of Nepalese economy but higher poverty, constant trade deficit and erratic inflation rate has led to the shrinkage of agriculture share in the national GDP from 27.59% in last fiscal year to 26.98% in this fiscal year. Agriculture production rate is increasing at an average rate of 2.7% but is expected to grow at 5.1% this year due to the better monsoon. Nepal shares 0.66%, 0.27%,0.22% and 0.4% in global production of rice, wheat, maize and pulses respectively in the year 2018-19. The production of oilseeds has increased to 9.89% in 2018-19 from 4.68% in 2014-15. The minimal increment to 0.36% in 2018-19 from 0.3% in 2008-09 is noticed in case of production of vegetables. The share of Nepal in global production of fruit is only 0.16% in 2018-19 after increment from 0.1% in 2008-09. The share of Nepal in global milk production is very low i.e.0.247% though dairy sector is in prosperous state in Nepal. After adopting different suggestive measures better growth can be attained in the agriculture sector. The agriculture sector is in booming stage with the help of different government policies. An integrated sustainable approach is necessary to increase the income of people involved in agriculture sector.
... A large share in agricultural Gross Domestic Product comes from the Nepalese dairy sector. The co-operatives play an important role in agriculture and livestock sector, whose share in agricultural GDP of country has been 28 percent (NRB, 2018; Tiwari and Shingh, 2020). Dairy co-operatives help in establishing strong network and linkages in millions of rural households scattered across the country. ...
Dairy sector has been a vector in providing dairy products to the urban population and pull the urban capital into the rural areas. Dairy industries have been successful in creating a strong network between the dairy farmers and the consumers and have been established as a bridge between the urban and rural trade across the country. The entire dairy chain is dependent upon milk production. At present, Nepal contributes approximately 0.247% of the world's total milk production. Nepal's milk output is estimated to be 2.05 million metric tons. The per capita availability of milk in Nepal is around 158.9 grams per day, which is far below than the value recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). The current milk production growth rate should be raised to 4 percent per annum so as to meet the WHO recommended minimum value of 250 gm per day per-capita milk consumption by the year 2025.The dairy sector in Nepal is the most important sub sector in Nepalese livestock production. Almost 28% of the national GDP comes from the agriculture and livestock sector. However, the share of dairy sector in agricultural GDP of Nepal is 8% of the national GDP. Beside contributing to the GDP, the agriculture sector also provides employment to the two-thirds of the country's population. The cooperative sector in Nepal has been in the emerging state and is playing an important role in socioeconomic development of millions of rural families.
