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The energy efficiency concept incorporates energy conservation and durability components involved in the operation of buildings and cost considerations pertaining to the manufacturing and installation of materials. Ceramic brickwork offers the highest reliability and durability category, is not combustible and in terms of these parameters has advan...
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The work is devoted to the study of technology that can be used to obtain lithium-containing ceramics of the Li2+4xZr4−xO3 type using the method of solid-phase synthesis combined with thermal annealing at a temperature of 1500 °C. A distinctive feature of this work is the preparation of pure Li2ZrO3 ceramics with a high structural ordering degree (...
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... The expansion of the range of ceramic wall products and the increase in their production are associated with increased demands on enclosing structures in terms of architectural expressiveness, thermal and operational properties of properties [1][2][3]. It is also necessary to take into account the state of production typical of this segment of the construction industry, market characteristics and the relationship between supply and demand. ...
... In laboratory conditions, with limited use of raw materials, the most acceptable device is a device operating on the principle of a piston extruder (Fig. 2). Sample preparation procedure: The clay mass (4) with the required moisture content and the calculated volume is placed in a metal housing with a rectangular cross-section, moistened with machine oil (2). Install the stop (5). ...
The current production status of building ceramics is based on the following realities. First, due to market conditions, the number of ceramics factories in operation has decreased significantly. Second, from 2019, taking into account the pace of housing construction related to the transition to new financing mechanisms, the production of ceramic bricks increased by 2-3% from 2019. Growth opportunities are associated with an increase in the thermal efficiency of ceramic products and masonry based on them. The aim of the research described in the article was the development of compositions for wall heat-efficient ceramics on the basis of loess-like low-quality clay using rice straw as a burnout additive and in particular to determine the optimal consumption of processed rice straw. The scientific novelty of the research consisted in the development of methods for selecting the composition of ceramic mixtures, optimizing their composition and demonstrating the influence of rice straw and rice straw ash on the properties of ceramic mixtures and the properties of products. Rice straw. 5–15% by weight of lint rice straw, which is incorporated into clay masses at the stage of their production and burns at a temperature of 200–300 ° C, burns out the mass and makes it porous, prevents shrinkage phenomena and ash contains up to 20% amorphous silica. Carbonates contained in clay dissociate during firing, interacting with amorphous silicon dioxide and forming various calcium silicates that strengthen the structure of the chip industry.
... The expansion of the wall ceramic products range and an increase in production thereof are the result of raising the bar for enclosing structures in terms of architectural expressiveness, thermal and performance properties [1][2][3]. It is also necessary to take into account the state of production, market characteristics and the supply and demand ratio, typical for this segment of the construction industry. ...
The current state of the building ceramics production is based on the following facts. Firstly, as a result of market conditions, the number of operating ceramics factories has significantly decreased. Secondly, considering the increase in the house construction rate due to the shift to new financing mechanisms, there has been an increase in the ceramic brick production by 2-3% since 2019. Growth opportunities are associated with higher thermal efficiency of ceramic products and masonry based thereon.
The research objective in this article was the development of compositions for wall heat-efficient ceramics based on loess low-grade loams with the use of rice straw as a burnout additive and, in particular, the determination of the optimal processed rice straw consumption. The scientific novelty of the research consisted in the development of a method for selecting the ceramic mixtures composition, optimizing the composition and substantiating the rice straw and rice straw ash influence on the ceramic mixtures and products properties.
Rice straw is introduced into clay masses at the preparation stage in an amount of 5-15% (by mass) of fluff rice straw, which burns out with burning temperature of 200-300°C and makes the mass porous, preventing shrinkage and forming ash containing up to 20% of amorphous silica. Carbonates in clay dissociate during firing, interacting with amorphous silica and forming various calcium silicates that strengthen the shard structure.
The purpose of the conducted research was to optimize the foam fiber concrete technology and develop a methodology for selecting its composition based on the methods of mathematical planning of the experiment and analytical processing of its results. Processing and optimization of experimental data made it possible to establish the influence of variable factors on the properties of foam fiber concrete samples. It has been established that the fiber consumption has a significant effect on the strength and density of concrete, and the length of the basalt fiber affects only the strength of the samples. The graphical interpretation of the data obtained makes it possible to determine the consumption of basalt fiber depending on the required strength of the products and the consumption of Portland cement. The specific strength of foam fiber concrete is adopted as an optimization parameter. The research results can be used in the development of methods for selecting the composition of foam concrete reinforced with basalt fiber.KeywordsFoam fiber concreteSpecific strengthBasalt fiberModelingDensityCompression strength
The practice of digital technologies in the analysis of technological processes makes it possible to solve such problems effectively and successfully as ensuring the selection of
the composition of these materials, the selection and optimization of parameters characterizing the processes of manufacturing materials, modelling technologies. The basis is the methods of mathematical planning and processing of the test results and the subsequent analytical optimization of the dependencies obtained. The purpose of the research presented in the article was the implementation of digital technologies as part of the implementation of optimization solutions for selecting the composition of fine concrete, which is the mineral component of the concrete wall. The investigation of the properties of fine-grained modified dispersion concrete was carried out according to standard methods and using experimental design, mathematical processing of its results and analytical optimization. The Concrete Canvas is a flexible fabric material impregnated with concrete, which, in the process of interaction with water, hardens and creates a strong, thin layer of concrete that is resistant to fire and water. The average density of the material is1400–1440 kg/m3, compressive strength of less than 40 MPa, puncture strength of at least 3 kN. The thickness of the web is 5–20 mm. Concrete canvas is used in the construction of hydraulic structures, strengthening the slopes of roads laid in mountainous areas, in the construction of prefabricated buildings. The obtained mathematical dependencies, optimization solutions, models and their graphical interpretation can be used when choosing the composition of the fine-grained, dispersed rein-forced concrete, which is the basis of the concrete canvas.The calculated data obtained are necessarily verified by conducting control batches with the determination of the properties of the samples obtained by standard methods.
Keywords: digital technologies, experiment planning, analytical optimization, concrete canvas, textile-concrete.
