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Two new species of Centaurea L. (Asteraceae) from Turkey are described and illustrated. Centaurea cankiriense A. Duran & H. Duman (sect. Cheirolepis (Boiss.) O. Hoffm.) is restricted to the steppes of Dumanli Daǧ (A4: Atkaracalar-Çankiri). Centaurea antalyense H. Duman & A. Duran (sect. Phalolepis (Cass.) DC.) occurs in forest and macchia in the so...
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Citations
... It is one of the larger genera of the Turkish flora and has the highest endemism rate. Presently, with the latest additions, the genus comprises 219 taxa (Duman et al. 2021(Duman et al. , Özbek 2021, bringing the endemism rate to 59% (Şirin et al. 2019b). The members of the genus are mainly distributed in the Mediterranean and the Irano-Turanian regions of Turkey. ...
A new Centaurea species, C. mengenensis Uysal & Şirin, is described and illustrated from Mengen district, Anatolia, based on morphological and molecular data. To identify its taxonomical position within Centaurea, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) = gene region of the new species was amplified and sequenced. The new species belongs in Centaurea subg. Centaurea as shown by both morphological and molecular data. Its diagnostic characters are presented, including an updated key to related species distributed in Turkey. Additionally, the geographic distribution of the new species, as well as of its relatives, is mapped. The chromosome number of C. mengenensis is 2n = 2x = 18 and its achene surface ornamentation is irregularly sulcate.
... The number of taxa belonging to Lamiaceae ranged from 32 to 109. In addition to new records from Lamiaceae family, many other new species from different genera and families have been identified in recent years in the research region [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. The high plant diversity and endemism rate of the study region within a limited area may be attributed to various factors such as its geographic position (being between Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian floristic regions), diverse topography (ranging from beaches to towering rocky mountains), geology and different climate types among districts (See Figure 1). ...
Ballıbabagiller (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) ailesi nane,
biberiye, kekik, mercanköşk, lavanta ve adaçayı gibi en fazla ticari olarak
kullanılan türleri içerir. Bu türler genellikle et yemekleri, sucuk, deniz
ürünleri, güveçler, salatalar, konserve yiyecekler, soslar ve çorbalarda lezzet
verici olarak kullanılır. Bu çalışmada, Akseki-İbradı-Manavgat (Antalya)
ilçelerinde yayılış gösteren Lamiaceae
ailesine ait türlerin çeşitliliği ile bunların bölgedeki ve kaynaklardaki etnobotanik
kullanımları sunulmuştur. Çalışma alanında, Lamiaceae’nin 27 cinsine ait 149 takson
(131 tür) tespit edilmiştir. Bunlardan 50 takson (%33.56) Türkiye’ye özgü olan
endemik bitkilerdir. Yöre halkı, kullanacakları türleri doğal popülasyonlardan
toplayıp genellikle güneş altında veya gölge yerlerde kurutmaktadır. Yöre halkı,
başlıca kuru Origanum onites (Türk
Kekiği)’i tüketir ve satar. Yüksek yağ verimi ve etkinliği nedeniyle geleneksel
olarak Origanum majorana
(Akkekik)’dan damıtma ile yağ elde edilmektedir. Elde edilen bitkisel ürünler,
yöre halkı tarafından şiddetli öksürük, kronik soğuk algınlığı, yaralar,
mide-bağırsak bozuklukları ve cilt problemleri gibi çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde
kullanılmaktadır. Bitki örneklerinin aşırı bir şekilde doğadan yabanıl
populasyonlardan toplanması türlerin genetik erozyona uğramasına sebep
olabilir. Doğal popülasyonların sürdürülebilirliğini
sağlamak için, in situ ve ex situ koruma yöntemleri gibi farklı genetik kaynak
koruma programları uygulanmalıdır.
... The systematics of the genus Centaurea is problematic, and the sectional classification of Centaurea relies heavily on the morphology of the appendage of phillary and achenes (Garcia-Jacas et al., 2001). The taxonomic coplexity of Centaurea, especially in the Near East, has stirred much research (Duran and Duman, 2002;Türkoglu et al., 2003;Yüzbaşıoğlu et al., 2015). The status of species and infraspecific taxa included in Centaurea has been revised in several taxonomic treatments (Rahiminejad et al., 2010;Ranjbar and Negaresh, 2013;Negaresh and Rahiminejad, 2014). ...
Morphological, anatomical and cytological features of three Turkish taxa of Centaurea L., viz. C. polypodiifolia Boiss. var. polypodiifolia, C. urvillei DC. subsp. urvillei and C. urvillei subsp. armata Wagenitz were investigated. Stem anatomy revealed the presence of a thick cuticle layer outside the stem, and epidermis with dense hairs was observed in the lower part. Investigation on leaf anatomy showed that different types of hairs on the outside of the leaf were very intense. Palisade parenchyma was observed below the upper and lower epidermis. In Centaurea polypodiifolia var. polypodiifolia, chromosome number was found to be 2n=16, while in C. urvillei subsp. urvillei and C. urvillei subsp. armata 2n=20. Total karyotype length of C. polypodiifolia var. polypodiifolia, C. urvillei subsp. urvillei and C. urvillei subsp. armata was 22.9 µm, 37.84 µm and 40.01 µm, respectively. Among the investigated taxa the karyotype asymmetry index was found lowest in C. urvillei subsp. armata. Satellite was detected in C. urvillei subsp. urvillei and subsp. armata, while it was absent in C. polypodiifolia Boiss. var. polypodiifolia.
... Wagenitz (1975) provided the account for the Flora of Turkey, according to which the genus was represented with 181 species in the Flora of Turkey with supplement I and II (Wagenitz, 1975; Davis et al., 1988; Güner et al., 2000). Since then, 34 new species have been described or newly reported (Duran & Duman, 2002; Greuter, 2003; Türkoğlu et al., 2003; Aytaç & Duman, 2005; Uzunhisarcıklı et al., 2005 Uzunhisarcıklı et al., , 2007 Vural et al., 2006; Wagenitz et al., 2006; Eren, 2007; Kaya & Vural, 2007; Uysal et al., 2007 Uysal et al., , 2008 Aksoy et al., 2008; Armağan & Ünal, 2009; Daşkın & Yılmaz, 2009; Doğan & Duran, 2009; Hamzaoğlu & Budak, 2009; Tan et al., 2009; Uysal & Köse, 2009; Kültür, 2010; etc.). This number excludes 56 species, which have been transferred and are now treated within the segregate genera Psephellus (33 species), Cyanus (16 species), and Rhaponticoides (7 species) (Wagenitz & Hellwig, 2000; Greuter, 2003; Hellwig, 2004; Güner et al, 2012). ...
In this study Centaurea sintenisiana Gand. is recorded for the first time in the East Anatolia (Hakkari) from Turkey. Besides to description of the new record, scanning photograph of the herbarium specimen is provided. Geographical distributions of the taxa are also mapped, and IUCN threat categories of the populations are discussed.
... Centaurea antalyensis is known only from the type locality and the number of mature individuals is below 250. The species was listed as CR (Critically Endangered) 58 . According to our observations, the species is very local and its distribution area is less than 10 km 2 , which agrees with the assigned category. ...
Mountains of Anatolia are one of the main Mediterranean biodiversity hotspots and their richness in endemic species amounts for 30% of the flora. Two main factors may account for this high diversity: the complex orography and its role as refugia during past glaciations. We have investigated seven narrow endemics of Centaurea subsection Phalolepis from Anatolia by means of microsatellites and ecological niche modelling (ENM), in order to analyse genetic polymorphisms and getting insights into their speciation. Despite being narrow endemics, all the studied species show moderate to high SSR genetic diversity. Populations are genetically isolated, but exchange of genes probably occurred at glacial maxima (likely through the Anatolian mountain arches as suggested by the ENM). The lack of correlation between genetic clusters and (morpho) species is interpreted as a result of allopatric diversification on the basis of a shared gene pool. As suggested in a former study in Greece, post-glacial isolation in mountains would be the main driver of diversification in these plants; mountains of Anatolia would have acted as plant refugia, allowing the maintenance of high genetic diversity. Ancient gene flow between taxa that became sympatric during glaciations may also have contributed to the high levels of genetic diversity.
... It is represented by 32 taxa in Turkey, 20 of which are endemic to Turkey (Wagenitz 1975;Wagenitz et al. 2006;Uysal 2008;Uysal 2012). Section Phalolepis is represented by 12 species in Turkey, all of which are endemic to Turkey (Wagenitz 1975, Duran & Duman 2002, Uysal & Köse 2009Güner et al. 2012;Köse & Alan 2013). Therefore, these sections have a considerable rate of endemism in Turkey and the distribution of their species is often geographically restricted to a small area, such as a single mountain or a microclimatic zone. ...
In this paper, 31 mostly endemic and locally distributed Turkish Centaurea taxa belonging to Centaurea and Phalolepis sections were examined in terms of their karyomorphology. The basic chromosome number for all of the studied species was concurringly determined as 9(x = 9) for both sections, excluding C. hierapolitana. We also determined tetraploid and hexaploid species in spite of many species having diploid chromosome numbers. Twelve chromosome counts are reported for the first time and most of the karyotyping analyses are described for the first time via the KAMERAM program. The karyotypes had a predominance of metacentric (m) chromosomes. However, in the karyotyping of six taxa, submetacentric (sm) chromosomes were dominant. Five quantitative asymmetric indices were used to evaluate karyological features of the species. A meaningful dendrogram was carried out to assess the karyotype-symmetry conditions and describe the karyotyping relationships between different taxa.
... The genus Centurea is represented by 187 taxa in Turkey, out of which 114 are endemics, thus showing an endemism ratio of 60.1%. The gene center of this genus lies in Turkey (Duran & Duman, 2002;Turkoglu et al., 2003;Uzunhisarcıklı et al., 2005;Duman & Aytaç, 2006). One of the important endemic taxa from this group is Centurea tomentella. ...
... With the newly added species, it is ca. 195 Centaurea species growing in Turkey (Wagenitz 1975;Davis et al. 1988;Gü ner et al. 2000), including Centaurea yozgatensis (Wagenitz 1997), Centaurea hadimensis (Wagenitz, Ertugrul & Dural 1998), Centaurea antalyense (Duran & Duman 2002), Centaurea yıldızii (Turkoglu, Akan & Civelek 2003), Centaurea marashica (Uzunhisarcıklı, Teksen & Dogan 2005), Centaurea goeksuense (Aytac & Duman 2005), Centaurea werneri and Centaurea ulrichiorum (Wagenitz, Hellwig, Parolly & Martins 2006), Centaurea tuzgoluensis (Vural, Duman, Aytac & Adıgü zel 2006), Centaurea kizildaghensis (Uysal, Demirelma, Ertugrul, Garcia-Jacas & Susana 2007), Centaurea elazigensis (Kaya & Vural 2007), Centaurea glabro-auriculata (Uysal et al. 2007), Centaurea ertugruliana (Uysal 2008), Centaurea dursunbeyensis (Uysal & Kö se 2009) and Centaurea aksoyii (Hamzaoglu & Budak 2009). Centaurea L. is considered a taxonomically unnatural group; recent approaches have split this taxon into several, more natural genera: Centaurea as. ...
The purpose of the present study is to determine morphological, morphometrical, karyological and palynological features of the endemic Centaurea kurdica Reichardt species from East Anatolian region. Some morphological features of the species like mophology of capitula, involucra, involucral leaves (phyllaries) and achene have been investigated. Karyogram and idiograms of the plant were also prepared. The chromosome number of Centaurea kurdica was found as 2n= 18 and haploid karyotype formula 6m + 2sm+1M. Metaphase chromosome length ranging from 5.81 to 3.91 µm and the total haploid chromosome length was 41,09 µm. The results of the light microscope investigation of pollen revealed that it has radially symmetrica, iso-polar tricolporate, spheroid type pollen and exine ornamentation was also determined as scabrate.
... The genus Centaurea is represented by 190 species in Turkey, excluding the species were placed in the genera Psephellus Cassini and Rhaponticoides Vaillant, according to recent studies (Uzunhisarcıklı et al., 2007;Uysal, 2008;Daskın & Yılmaz, 2009). This is the third largest genus in Turkey after Astragalus L. and Verbascum L., and most taxa of them are endemics (Davis et al., 1988;Duran & Duman, 2002;Kaya et al., 2010). Endemism ratio is 60% (Wagenitz, 1960(Wagenitz, , 1975Guner et al., 2000). ...
... Centaurea is the subject of active research (Hidalgo et al., 2008; and new taxa in Centaurea are regularly described (Duran & Duman, 2002;Turkoglu et al., 2003;Aytac & Duman, 2005;Raimondo & Spadaro, 2008;Uysal, 2008;Dinc et al., 2009, Uysal & Kose, 2009). Some investigations have been carried out on the cytotaxonomy of C. pecho, C. pseudoreflexa and C. hypoleuca (Inceer et al., 2007), C. simplicicaulis (Poddubnaja-Arnoldi, 1931;Inceer et al., 2007) and C. cheiranthifolia var. ...
The anatomical and ecological characteristics of 7 Centaurea L. s. l. taxa (C. urvillei DC. ssp. stepposa Wagenitz, C. pseudoreflexa Hayek, C. simplicicaulis Boiss. & Huet, C. pecho Albow, C. hypoleuca DC., C. cheiranthifolia Willd.var. purpurascens (DC.) Wagenitz, C. woronowii Bornm.), which three of them are endemic (C. pseudoreflexa, C. pecho, C. woronowii) to Turkey has been carried out. Cross sections of stem, leaf blade and midrib and peripheral sections of the leaves, and pH, total N, P, K and organic matter contents of soil samples have been investigated. Variance analysis and Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference test were performed on ecological and anatomical data. Ecological characteristics obtained in this investigation were found mostly similar. On the other hand, anatomically important differences were determined in diversity of anticlinal cell walls, length and width of abaxial epidermis, number of bundles in the midrib and number of stomata per mm2 both on the epidermis of the leaf, and the shape of transverse section of stem. According to Tukey’s Honest Significant Difference test, especially length and width of abaxial epidermis, number of stomata both on the adaxial and abaxial epidermises have displayed three distinct groups. These results are in accordance with sectional delimitation in the Flora of Turkey and also support upgrading the sum of species of the genus Centaurea.
... Çankırı and its environment is a very interesting area located in the Irano-Turanian phytogeographical region and is very rich in local endemic plants. Recently [Aytaç and Duman, 2000;Doğan and Akaydın, 2007;Duran and Duman, 2002;Duran and Dural, 2003;Podlech, 1999;Podlech and Ekici, 2008;Yıldırımlı, 2008;Yılmaz et al., 2011]. ...
Smyrnium galaticum Czeczott was identified in the Northern Anatolia for the first time (Turkey A4 Çankırı-Eldivan) by Czeczott. During the preparation of the Flora of Turkey P.F.Stevens considered this species to be imperfectly known. Therefore, it was not included in the keys. In the present study, the diagnostic morphologic characteristics are discussed and the taxonomic issues are addressed. In addition, the expanded description of the species, its ecology, conservation status, differences from S. cordifolium, as well as the photographs of mericarps are presented.
