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Capitols per plant of safflower under different irrigation intervals (A), and grains per capitol affected by foliar spray of Fe and Zn (B); different letters indicate a significant difference at p ≤ 0.05.
Source publication
Water deficiency limits nutrient availability and causes physiological disruptions resulting in decreased crop productivity in the field. The spray of Fe and Zn on drought-stressed plants may reduce some of the detrimental impacts of this stress on crop performance. Thus, this research was laid out as a split-plot design based on a randomized compl...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... this reduction was not significant under mild (I2) and moderate (I3) water deficits. The and I4 ( Figure 4A). The highest grains per capitol was obtained from plants sprayed with Fe, followed by Zn. ...
Context 2
... highest grains per capitol was obtained from plants sprayed with Fe, followed by Zn. There was no significant difference between the latter treatment and water spray ( Figure 4B). Declining LWC due to water stress could be related to an imbalance between water loss from the leaves due to transpiration and water uptake by the roots (Jones 2007 et al. 1990). ...
Context 3
... general, water limitation decreases Reducing grains per plant and 1000-grain weight due to water deficit ( Figure 5) was directly associated with diminishing green ground cover (Figure 1), LWC (Figure 2A), CCI ( Figure 3A), and also with enhancing leaf temperature ( Figure 2B) under drought stress. Reduction in grains per plant ( Figure 5A) is the result of decreasing capitols per plant caused by water stress ( Figure 4A). This was supported by the previous report on safflower ( Ghassemi-Golezani et al. 2016). ...
Citations
... Iron induces protection mechanisms in plants to cope with oxidative stress and improves nutrient uptake efficiency and mobilization under water stress (Ahanger et al., 2016). Treating plants with Fe can modify the negative effects of water deficit, increase seed yield, and improve plant morphological and physiological parameters (Ghassemi Golezani et al., 2022). Although Fe is abundant in soil, its availability is restricted in alkaline soils because it is present as oxide and hydroxide compounds, particularly in calcareous soils (Mohasseli et al., 2020). ...
Background
Water deficit can seriously affect the growth, yield, and biochemical properties of plants; however, the application of nano-iron chelate and arbuscular mycorrhizal fertilizers in water deficit has been considered one of the most promising methods to improve plant growth and enhance drought tolerance.
Aims
This study aimed to investigate the effects of nano-iron chelated (nFe) fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMFs) on the growth, yield, root colonization, mycorrhizal dependency, water use efficiency (WUE), physio-biochemical properties, and seed biochemical properties of Lallemantia iberica and Lallemantia royleana species under drought stress.
Methods
A split-factorial experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three drought stress levels (according to the depletion of soil available water) of 30% (I1; without stress), 60% (I2; mild stress), and 90% (I3; severe stress). The subplots were the factorial combination of fertilizers (F) (without fertilizer, nano-iron chelate [nFe], and AMFs) and plant species (S) of Lallemantia (L. iberica and L. royleana).
Results
A decrease in the irrigation regime caused a reduction in growth, seed yield, WUE, chlorophyll content, nutrient uptake, seed oil, and mucilage content, as well as an increase in lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide. Compared with nFe, AMF significantly increased root colonization by mycorrhizal fungi in both species across irrigation regimes. Furthermore, AMF inoculation enhanced nutrient uptake, mucilage, oil, and fatty acids by increasing the WUE. Higher mycorrhizal dependency in inoculated plants played an important role in increasing proline and antioxidant activities in the leaves of the host plant. The water stress and fertilization treatments resulted in the highest root colonization, mycorrhizal dependency, proline content, and antioxidant enzyme activities in L. royleana, as well as the highest WUE, accumulation of fatty acids, and nutrient uptake was observed in L. iberica. Interestingly, the mycorrhization potential of Lallemantia sp. is clearly defined.
Conclusions
The results highlighted that AMFs can promote Lallemantia to increase seed mucilage and oil under water stress. Overall, we found that both Lallemantia species responded well to AMF inoculation under water deficit conditions, where nFe was found to be less effective.
A field experiment was laid out as a split-plot design based on the randomized complete block design with three replications in 2018, to assess the responses of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plants to the foliar treatment of nanoparticles (ZnO and MgO) under different watering levels (I1, I2, I3, I4: Irrigation after 70, 100, 130, and 160 mm evaporation as normal irrigation, and mild, moderate, and severe stresses, respectively). Water shortage increased leaf temperature and decreased leaf water content, membrane stability, chlorophyll content, and plant biomass, which resulted in the reduction of the grain yield per unit area. Foliar application of nanoparticles enhanced grain and oil yields of oilseed rape by reducing some detrimental impacts of water limitation on leaf temperature, chlorophyll content, membrane stability, plant height, plant biomass, grains per plant, and 1000-grain weight. Therefore, foliar spray of these nanoparticles could be a superior treatment for alleviating some of the adverse effects of drought stress on the physiology and productivity of oilseed rape plants in the field. How to cite: Ghassemi-Golezani K, Rajabi M, Farzi-Aminabad R. 2023. Improving physiological performance and productivity of oilseed rape under drought stress by foliar application of Zn and Mg nanoparticles. J Plant Physiol Breed. 13(2): 217-229.
Drought stress causes physiological disorders and growth restriction, leading to a decrease in crop productivity in the field. Foliar spray of salicylic acid may reduce the adverse effects of this stress on plant performance. Thus, this experiment was laid out as split plot with RCB design in three replicates to assess changes in morpho-physiological traits and essential oil production of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) seeds in response to irrigation intervals (water supply after 70, 100, 130, 160 mm evaporation) and foliar spray of water (control) and salicylic acid (0.6, 1.2 mM). The results showed that, plant height, plant biomass, seeds per umbel and plant were diminished due to water deficit, leading to a decline in seed yield. 1000-seed weight was slightly increased under stress, indicating the extent of drought tolerance of dill plants. Application of salicylic acid improved plant height, branches per plant, leaves per plant, umbels per plant, 1000-seed weight, plant biomass and finally seed yield under different irrigation intervals, especially under water limitation. Essential oil content and yield of seeds were increased with decreasing water supply up to moderate stress. The percentage and yield of essential oil were enhanced up to 54 days after flowering, and thereafter were slightly reduced. In general, application of 1.2 mM salicylic acid on non-stressed and drought-stressed plants was the superior treatment to improve field performance and essential oil production of dill. Therefore, drought tolerance and performance of plants can be promoted by salicylic acid treatment.
