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Context 1
... a capacitance of the order of 20'000 micro-Farad and allows a maximum voltage of about 20V, storing only 4 Joules of energy, equivalent to 4 Ws or 0.0011 Wh.With a mass of about 20 g for such an element, roughly 4 tons would be needed to store the required energy of 220 Wh! For an overview of frequently used capacitors in electronic devices see Fig. ...
Context 2
... capacitors were therefore measured in cm).Simple capacitors consisting of two parallel plates reach only very small capacitances,of the order of pico-Farad (1pF = 10 -12 F), and are used in high frequency technology. Even when loaded to 1000 V, the energy content of such plate capacitors is only of the order of micro-Ws (see lowest picture in Fig. ...
Context 3
... at the same time,the isolating layer of material with high dielectric constant in between them is manufactured as thin as possible.With this technology, rolled capacitors of the order of 0.1 micro-Farad (1 mF = 10 - 6 F) resisting voltages up to about 1000 V can be produced, storing around 0.05 Ws of energy (see second lowest picture in Fig. ...
Context 4
... of the metal electrode serves as an isolator and separates the electrodes to distances of the order of nanometres, pushing capacitance into the tens of milli- Farad range (1 mF = 10 -3 F) at maximum voltages of around 20-40 V. These so called electrolyte capacitors can store up to several Ws of energy (see middle and second highest picture in Fig. ...
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Citations
... The use of fractals and space-filling curves in microelectronics is not a novel idea [15]. In energy storage, capacitors based on the Koch island fractal were proposed as early as in 1998 [16], followed by: quasifractal capacitor layouts for CMOS implementations [17], supercapacitors employing carbon particles with a fractal perimeter as electrode materials [18], theoretical investigations of space-filling designs for capacitor and SC electrodes [19,20], and physico-mathematical models of SC behavior based on fractals [5,21]. In communication electronics, fractals and space-filling curves have flourished in implementations of antennas and resonators [22][23][24][25], also finding applications in phase shifters [26], multiband reflectors [27], and photonic crystals [28,29]. ...
