Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to explain the relationship of freshwater fungal species with pH and latitude (n = 97)

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... variation in community composition. The analysis found two canonical axes with significant statistical support (trace statistic = 1.123, P \ 0.01; 1st squared canonical correlation = 0.664, P \ 0.01). The freshwater fungal communities showed some sepa- ration based on both latitude (vertical axis) and pH (horizontal axis) on the ordination graph (Fig. 7). The southern sites formed a cluster distinct from the northern and central sites on axis 2 (vertical axis) and colors representing low pH values \ 6.5 are at the top, the middle pH values are mostly in the middle and the high pH values are almost all at the bottom of the ordination graph (Fig. ...

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... and pH (horizontal axis) on the ordination graph (Fig. 7). The southern sites formed a cluster distinct from the northern and central sites on axis 2 (vertical axis) and colors representing low pH values \ 6.5 are at the top, the middle pH values are mostly in the middle and the high pH values are almost all at the bottom of the ordination graph (Fig. ...

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... in the north and central sites are more similar to one another than either is to the southern sites. High turnover in species composition is indicated by the lower similarity values between the northern and southern sites, than between the northern and central sites ( Table 2). The results of the canonical correspondence analysis for latitude (Fig. 7) are somewhat consistent with the results of discriminant function analysis (Fig. 2), which shows the freshwater fungal communities in north and central Florida are clustered closer together than to those in south Florida. For example, freshwater ascomycetes, Lepidopterella palustris, L. tangerina, A. austriacus, Jobellisia luteloa, ...

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... pH was shown to be significant in explaining the variation in community com- position of freshwater fungi in Florida as fungal communities were divided into three more or less distinct groups based on pH values (Fig. 7). Water chemistry plays an important role in the distribution of freshwater organisms (Hynes 1970;Wetzel 2001). Previous studies of freshwater fungi have also shown that pH is an important factor in the distri- bution of freshwater ascomycetes (Fallah 1999), as well as freshwater Ingoldian mitosporic fungi (Wood-Eggenschwiler and ...