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Calycularia laxa (1-3, 5-7, 9-13): 1, 5-male scales; 2-3-male plants; 7-female plant with archegonia (black) indicated; 6, 9-13-female scales. C. crispula: 4, 8, 14-male scales.1, 3, 5-from Arkhangelsk Province Lavrinenko # G100258, KPABG; 2-from Alaska Konstantinova et al. # A114-1-92, KPABG; 4, 8, 14-from Taiwan Inoue # 3 Bryoph. selecta exsiccata, LE; 7, 9-11-from Yamal Potemkin, LE; 6, 12-13-from South Korea Bakalin # Kor-2-1-09, KPABG. Scale bars: 3 mm for 2-3, 7; 0.5 mm for 1, 4, 5, 8, 14; 200 μm for 6, 9-13.
Source publication
The genus Calycularia is revised worldwide. Descriptions, key for identification of species, differentiation from habitually similar species, distribution, ecology as well as illustrations and worldwide distribution map of Calycularia spp. are provided. C. crispula Mitt. is excluded from hepatic flora of Russia, Canada, Japan and Korea.
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... Gametangia dorsal at thallus. Male plants ( fig. 2:2,3) usually smaller than female plants with dorsal scales mostly in several rows along midrib or (rarely) scattered over the entire apical portion of the thallus. Androecia subtend- ed by unistratose bracts which are erect or con- cave, lamelliform, variable in shape and size, la- ciniate-dentate, each bract with 1-4 subsessile globose ...
Context 2
... Male plants with dorsal scales in several rows along midrib or scattered over all the apical portion of the thallus ( fig. 2:2-3). Archegonial scales yellowish to purplish red or colourless, erect, arcuate, or prostrate, threadlike to linear, 2-3(-4-6) cells at base, 80-180 μm wide, 370-1370(-1400) μm long, uniseriate to more than one half of their length (7-15 cells long), or almost from the base, with one or two cilia up to 5 cells long and with 2-3 slime ...
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Citations
... from Mexico, Central America, East Africa and Tropical Asia, and C. laxa Lindb. & Arnell from Alaska, western Canada, and Eurasia (Konstantinova & Mamontov 2010, Daniels et al. 2014, Printarakul et al. 2020, Lee & Gradstein 2021. The morphological characters for Calycularia listed below are taken from Crandall- Stotler et al. (2009) and the papers cited above. ...
Kahakuloa operculispora, a new simple thalloid liverwort endemic to Hawaiʻi, so far only known from high elevation bogs in western Maui, is described and illustrated. The thallus has prominent reddish-purple rhizoids, uniseriate ventral slime papillae and lacks scales. The plants are dioicous; male plants have antheridia sunken in several rows of dorsal chambers, subtended by scales, while female plants have clustered archegonia enclosed by thick, barrel-shaped involucres that develop serially at the plant apex, before fertilization, and are arranged in a single dorsal row at maturity; perichaetial scales and pseudoperianths (defined as involucres developing after fertilization) are lacking. The capsules are spherical, 2−3 stratose, and dehisce irregularly; the spores are areolate and have a unique operculum-like disk on the proximal face. Molecular and morphological evidence supports placement of the plant in a new genus and family in the order Fossombroniales, suborder Fossombroniineae. Kahakuloa is the first liverwort genus endemic to Hawaiʻi, and Kahakuloaceae is the only known endemic Hawaiian land plant family.
... Calycularia crispula Mitt.-excluded from the Russian flora, all records transferred to C. laxa [11]. ...
The long coexistence of various floral elements, landscape diversity, and island isolation led to the formation of the richest Eurasian hemiboreal liverwort flora in the southern Kurils. This land that covers less than 5000 square kilometres and houses 242 species and two varieties of liverworts and hornworts. The flora ‘core’ is represented by hemiboreal East Asian and boreal circumpolar taxa. Other elements that have noticeable input in the flora formation are cool-temperate East Asian hypoarctomontane circumpolar and arctomontane. The distribution of some species is restricted to the thermal pools near active or dormant volcanoes or volcanic ash deposits; such species generally provide specificity to the flora. Despite the territorial proximity, the climate of each considered island is characterized by features that, in the vast majority of cases, distinguish it from the climate of the neighbouring island. The last circumstance may inspire the difference in the liverwort taxonomic composition of each of the islands. The comparison of the taxonomic composition of district floras in the Amphi-Pacific hemiarctic, boreal, and cool-temperate Asia revealed four main focal centres: East Kamchatka Peninsula and Sakhalin Island, the southern Sikhote-Alin and the East Manchurian Mountains, the mountains of the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, and the South Kurils plus northern Hokkaido. The remaining floras involved in the comparison occupy an intermediate position between these four centres.
... Mitt. -This species was recorded for GN [Hattori et al. l962b], JG [Kim and Hwang 1991], Korea [Iwatsuki and Mizutani 1972], however, as it was shown by Konstantinova and Mamontov (2010) all reports of the species from the Russian Far East, Korea and Japan belong to C. laxa. [Choe 1983], however, all reports of this species from temperate East Asia refer to Fossombronia japonica Schiffn. ...
The liverwort and hornwort flora of the Korean Peninsula possesses some unique traits arising from the geographic position of the Peninsula, where the mainland flora meets insular flora. This flora is still not exhaustively studied, due not only to political reasons, but also because much less attention has been paid than to adjacent lands by hepaticologists. A checklist presented is based on a study of ca. 15,500 specimens collected by the authors and a review of relevant literature. This study provides the checklist of liverworts and hornworts known from Korea and the geographical distribution of each species within the peninsula. The liverworts and hornworts in Korean flora include 346 taxa (326 species, 16 subspecies and four varieties) in 112 genera and 50 families. Since 2007, 75 taxa of liverworts and four taxa of hornworts are reported as new to the Korean Peninsula, with a number of the new records arising following application of new taxonomic concepts that have become apparent over the last few decades. While compiling the checklist, 42 species, previously reported to Korea, are excluded from the Korean liverwort flora.
... and C. laxa Lindb. & Arnell (Konstantinova & Mamontov, 2010;Söderström et al., 2016 ), widely distributed from North America and northern Russia to tropical East Africa and tropical Asia. Calycularia is easily separated from most simple thalloid liverworts by the presence of ventral scales (Konstantinova & Mamontov, 2010). ...
... & Arnell (Konstantinova & Mamontov, 2010;Söderström et al., 2016 ), widely distributed from North America and northern Russia to tropical East Africa and tropical Asia. Calycularia is easily separated from most simple thalloid liverworts by the presence of ventral scales (Konstantinova & Mamontov, 2010). ...
... There are few published reports of Calycularia in Thailand, perhaps due to the scarcity of bryological surveys in the past (Sukkharak & Chantanaorrapint, 2014), but one of the two species, C. crispula, has been reported from Doi Inthanon and Doi Pha Hom Pok National Parks, Chiang Mai Province (Kitagawa, 1969;Lai et al., 2008;Konstantinova & Mamontov, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to summarize the current knowledge of the genus Calycularia in Thailand and to provide a detailed description of C. crispula. ...
A taxonomic study of the genus Calycularia in Thailand is presented, based on herbarium specimens and field surveys. Only one species is recognized in the country, namely Calycularia crispula. A detailed description, line drawings and photographs are provided. In addition, Apopellia endiviifolia (Pelliaceae) is excluded from the Thai bryoflora.
... laxa Lindb. & ArnellUncommon; sedge wet meadow, rock outcrop, shaded cliff shelf, under boulder; AT1-27, AT88-698 (PDPD), AT88-707 (PD), AT88-1168 (PD), AT88-709, 115519, 124125A; this species was originally determined as Calycularia crispula Mitten(Davison & Smith 1992), but seeKonstantinova & Mamontov (2010) who indicate it is C. laxa and should be up dated; JarminPass, Nevidiskov Creek, O'Donnell Valley, ...
The liverwort flora of Attu Island, the westernmost Aleutian Island in the United States, was studied to assess species diversity in the hyperoceanic sector of the northern boreal subzone. The field study was undertaken in sites selected to represent a spectrum of environmental variation, primarily within the eastern part of the island. Data were analyzed using our own collections on Attu Island, supplemented with information from published reports to compare bryophyte distribution patterns at three levels, the Northern Hemisphere, North America, the Commander Islands of Russia, and Alaska. A total of 112 liverworts were identified and a substantial number, 34 species (30%), were new reports from Attu Island and one was new to Alaska. Geographic elements dominating the flora included arctomontane (26%), arctoboreomontane (23%), montane (20%), and boreal (14%) species, while arctic species were almost absent (1%). The liverworts of the Attu Island-Commander Islands region were widespread species with over 70% circumpolar, or nearly circumpolar; nevertheless large gaps were present in some of their distributions with a floristic depression in liverwort distribution between Attu and the Commander Islands.
... Calycularia crispula Mitt.-Seems to be widely distributed in southern China (although not frequently recorded). In adjacent areas it has been confirmed from Taiwan and Thailand (Konstantinova & Mamontov, 2010). New to Indochina. ...
A short collecting expedition to Vietnam in 2016 yielded 700 specimens of 170 liverwort species of which 79 were new to the flora of Vietnam, including 43 species new to Indochina. Many of the newly recorded species have meta-Himalayan distributions (that predicts occurrence of these taxa in the areas of north-west Vietnam situated in the south-easternmost spurs of the Himalaya). Some species were recorded based on the study of living material, permitting the examination of oil body characteristics for Riccardia and Calypogeia. The known taxonomic liverwort diversity of Vietnam is currently 379 taxa, estimated to represent ca 80% of the actual taxonomic diversity in the country.
... 9: on moist carbonate fine earth under boulders in rock field [121181,121186] in pure mats and some thalli among Diplophyllum albicans, D. taxifolium, Pohlia crudoides. C. laxa is an arctomontane species with predominantly Asian -western North American distribution and a single locality in the European Arctic (Konstantinova & Lavrinenko, 2002) and another in the subarctic (Borovichev, 2013), which presumably represent post-glacial invasion (Konstantinova & Mamontov, 2010 streptocarpa. It is a widespread arctomontane species restricted to areas with calcareous bedrocks. ...
... Finding Calycularia laxa is entirely to be expected. It is an arctomontane species with mainly Asian-western North American distribution and single localities in the European Arctic (Konstantinova & Mamontov, 2010). To the east it is quite common in the adjacent Jamal Peninsula (Potemkin, 1993). ...
... Calycularia laxa was collected in north-west part of the Kalkupya Mt. under hillock sedge at the water's edge (KPABG (H): 21369) and on fine-earth at the water's edge (KPABG (H): 21368). Calycularia laxa is an Arctic-montane liverwort with predominantly Asian-western North American distribution with single localities in East European North (Konstantinova & Mamontov, 2010). In Europe, the species was found earlier only in Arkhangelsk Region (Konstantinova & Lavrinenko, 2002). ...
Liverworts flora of the Pasvik State Nature Reserve (Pasvik Reserve) consists of 103 species, 5 subspecies and 2 varieties. We have summarized all available data on the diversity of liverworts of the Pasvik Reserve, including approximately 650 specimens collected by the authors. Calycularia laxa and Oleolophozia perssonii are reported for the second time from Murmansk Region. The territory is quite representative for protection and sustainable development of rare liverworts species – we found new localities for four red-listed European species (Barbilophozia rubescens, Haplomitrium hookeri, Lophozia ascendens and Nardia japonica), three liverworts included in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (Haplomitrium hookeri, Nardia breidleri and Oleolophozia perssonii) and 12 red-listed in the Murmansk Region.
... et Arnell (Calycularia crispula auct. [cf.Konstantinova & Mamontov (2011)]). ASK:Schuster 1984. ...
... ASK:Schuster 1984. KE:Konstantinova & Mamontov 2011. MS: Schuster & Konstantinova 1995, Konstantinova & Mamontov 2011. ...
... KE:Konstantinova & Mamontov 2011. MS: Schuster & Konstantinova 1995, Konstantinova & Mamontov 2011. NO: Konstantinova & Mamontov 2011. ...
... Now the distribution of the species C. crispula extends to mountains of the tropics and subtropics and C. laxa found in the north and in the mountains of Siberia and the far east of Russia. Konstantinova and Mamontov (2010) studied more than 135 species from different herbaria and distribution of C. crispula is reduced from some areas and the distribution of C. laxa is extended. This genus was described in India from Sikkim Himalaya by Kashyap (1932) and later this species was reported from eastern parts of India (Pande and Udar 1956, Singh and Singh 2010b, Singh et al. 2008) and from the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu (Daniels et al. 2014). ...
... The genus Calycularia is having specific characters, which distinguish it from most genera of the simple thalloid hepatics in having lamellate and usually purplish lamellate ventral scales. But there are several characters, which will confuse Calycularia with Pellia and Aneura (Konstantinova and Mamontov 2010). ...
... Soc. 5(1): 122 (1861) (after Konstantinova and Mamontov 2010) Type species: Calycularia crispula Mitt. Plants large, 1.5-3 cm long and 0.5-1.2 ...
The genus Calycularia of Calyculariaceae is reported for the first time from the Kerala part of the Western Ghats along with the species C. crispula.
