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Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenolic compound extracted from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa , is used as a pharmaceutical agent, spice in food, and as a dye. Currently, CUR is being investigated for cancer treatment in Phase-II clinical trials. CUR also possesses excellent activities like anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and anti-oxidant, theref...
Similar publications
Curcumin has been considered as an important alternative for a wide range of biomedical applications, mainly antiinflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant (Aggarwal 2009). However this natural curcuminoid obtained from rhizomes of Curcuma longa, is apolar and prone to photo and thermal degradation which limit its formulation (Shen 2012). Nanoencapsul...
Citations
... Spectrophotometric method provides an inexpensive, rapid, specific, sensitive, precise, reliable and accurate method for the analysis of Curcumin (Kadam et al., 2018, Sravani et al., 2022. ...
Objective
This study aimed to extract and separate the organic coloring agent known as Curcumin from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa, and then to create Spanlastics that were loaded with curcumin using the ethanol injection technique. The optimized Spanlastic dispersions were then incorporated into a gel preparation for topical anti-aging use. The Spanlastic dispersions were analyzed for particle size, zeta potential, drug loading efficiency, and in vitro release profile. Furthermore, the rheological properties of the gel preparation were assessed, and a skin penetration study was conducted using confocal microscopy.
Methods
Twelve different Curcumin-loaded Spanlastic dispersions using the ethanol injection method with Span® 60 as a surfactant and Tween® 80 as an edge activator in varying ratios. The dispersions were then subjected to various tests, such as particle size analysis, zeta potential measurement, drug entrapment efficiency assessment, and in vitro release profiling. The optimized formula was selected using Design-Expert® software version 13, then used to create a gel preparation, which utilized 2% HPMC E50 as a gelling polymer. The gel was evaluated for its rheological properties and analyzed using confocal microscopy. Additionally, Raman analysis was performed to ensure that the polymers used in the gel were compatible with the drug substance.
Results
F5 formula, (that contains 10 mg Curcumin, and mixture 5 of span-tween mixtures that consist of 120 mg Span® 60 with 80 mg Tween® 80) was selected as the optimized formula with a desirability produced by Design Expert® software equal to 0.761, based on its particle size (212.8 ± 4.76), zeta potential (−29.4 ± 2.11), drug loading efficiency (99.788 ± 1.34), and in vitro release profile evaluations at Q 6hr equal to almost 100 %. Statistical significance (P < 0.05) was obtained using one-way ANOVA. Then F5 was used to formulate HPMC E50 gel-based preparations. The gel formula that was created and analyzed using Raman spectroscopy demonstrated no signs of incompatibility between the Curcumin and the polymers that were utilized.
The confocal spectroscopy found that the anti-aging gel preparation showed promising results in terms of skin penetration. Also, images revealed that the gel could penetrate the layers of the skin (reached a depth of about 112.5 μm), where it could potentially target and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. The gel also appeared to be well-tolerated by the skin, with no signs of irritation or inflammation observed in the images.
Conclusion
The obtained results successfully confirmed the potential of the promising (F5) formula to produce sustained release action and its ability to be incorporated into 2% HPMC E50 anti-aging gel. The confocal microscopy study suggested that the anti-aging gel had the potential to be an effective and safe topical treatment for aging skin.
... Several methods have been widely developed for the determination of curcumin and its derivatives in foods, waters, and pharmaceuticals such as spectrofluorometric [10], spectrophotometry [11][12][13], liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) [14,15], cyclic voltammetry (CV) [16,17], reproducible reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) [18], stripping voltammetry (AdSV) [19], and capillary electrophoresis technique coupled with a laser induced native fluorescence detection (CE-LINF) [20] Even while the LC-MS/MS is highly sensitive, it is also quite costly, sophisticated, and needs to be used by experts in the field. Furthermore, whereas electroanalytical techniques exhibit selectivity, they also incorporate subjective elements such limited functionality and unstable performance. ...
For the first time, a fast and easy extraction method based on a unique reusable and switchable deep eutectic solvent (made of octylamine, succinic acid, and water as precursors) was presented and utilized for the microextraction and determination of curcumin as a model analyte. The main factors used to induce a phase transition in the as-prepared deep eutectic solvent were solutions of NaOH and HCl. Among the standout characteristics of the suggested deep eutectic solvent are the removal of toxic organic solvents like THF, the lack of a need for centrifugation, and the ability to be reused in subsequent extractions. The influence of effective parameters (i.e., proportions of deep eutectic solvent structure components, volume of prepared deep eutectic solvent, volume and concertation of NaOH, volume of HCl, and salt effect) on the extraction procedure were investigated. The calibration curve also was linear in the range of 35–500 μg L−1 with coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.9976. Limit of detection (S/N = 3) 10.0 μg L−1, the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 35.0 μg L−1, the relative standard deviations (RSDs %) composed of intra-day RSD (4.7) and inter-day RSD (6.4), preconcentration factor of 40.0, enrichment factor of 38.68, and relative recovery of 92.6%–100.3 % were achieved. The reusable and switchable deep eutectic solvent based-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction technique was proficiently employed to expedite easy and fast extraction of curcumin from water and food samples.
... At set time points (1,4,8,16, and 24 h), the dialysis tube was removed and 100 lL of carrier solution was aspirated into a 2 mL volumetric flask, to which acetonitrile was added to the scale and shaken well to lyse the lipids, followed by highspeed centrifugation at 1.5 9 10 4 rpm to obtain the supernatant. Finally, the supernatant was filtered through a 0.45-lm microporous membrane and detected by highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC, Agilent 1220 Infinity II) at 430 nm [25][26][27]. Similarly, to determine the release of Cur-NPs at different temperatures, we adjusted the PBS solution to pH = 7.4 and then placed the beakers in a water bath shaker at 37°C or 40°C (shaking rate of 100 rpm). ...
Background:
The formation of an inhibitory inflammatory microenvironment after spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a great challenge for nerve regeneration. The poor local microenvironment exacerbates nerve cell death; therefore, the reconstruction of a favorable microenvironment through small-molecule drugs is a promising strategy for promoting nerve regeneration.
Methods:
In the present study, we synthesized curcumin-loaded micelle nanoparticles (Cur-NPs) to increase curcumin bioavailability and analyzed the physical and chemical properties of Cur-NPs by characterization experiments. We established an in vivo SCI model in rats and examined the ability of hind limb motor recovery using Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scoring and hind limb trajectory assays. We also analyzed neural regeneration after SCI using immunofluorescence staining.
Results:
The nanoparticles achieved the intelligent responsive release of curcumin while improving curcumin bioavailability. Most importantly, the released curcumin attenuated local inflammation by modulating the polarization of macrophages from an M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype to an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. M2-type macrophages can promote cell differentiation, proliferation, matrix secretion, and reorganization by secreting or expressing pro-repair cytokines to reduce the inflammatory response. The enhanced inflammatory microenvironment supported neuronal regeneration, nerve remyelination, and reduced scar formation. These effects facilitated functional repair in rats, mainly in the form of improved hindlimb movements.
Conclusion:
Here, we synthesized pH/temperature dual-sensitive Cur-NPs. While improving the bioavailability of the drug, they were also able to achieve a smart responsive release in the inflammatory microenvironment that develops after SCI. The Cur-NPs promoted the regeneration and functional recovery of nerves after SCI through anti-inflammatory effects, providing a promising strategy for the repair of SCIs.
... In addition, the sensors are easy to handle and for remote sensing biocompatibility due to their compact size and low weight [42]. Furthermore, the optical sensors can quickly check for interference resistance and range of light dissemination configurations at trace level analysis [43,44]. ...
The increasing viral species have ruined people's health and the world's economy. Therefore, it is urgent to design bio-responsive materials to provide a vast platform for detecting a different family's passive or active virus. One can design a reactive functional unit for that moiety based on the particular bio-active moieties in viruses. Nanomaterials as optical and electrochemical biosensors have enabled better tools and devices to develop rapid virus detection. Various material science platforms are available for real-time monitoring and detecting COVID-19 and other viral loads. In this review, we discuss the recent advances of nanomaterials in developing the tools for optical and electrochemical sensing COVID-19. In addition, nanomaterials used to detect other human viruses have been studied, providing insights for developing COVID-19 sensing materials. The basic strategies for nanomaterials develop as virus sensors, fabrications, and detection performances are studied. Moreover, the new methods to enhance the virus sensing properties are discussed to provide a gateway for virus detection in variant forms. The study will provide systematic information and working of virus sensors. In addition, the deep discussion of structural properties and signal changes will offer a new gate for researchers to develop new virus sensors for clinical applications.
Graphical Abstract
... The literature revealed several methods for the analysis of each analyte separately, including the HPLC [20][21][22][23][24] and spectrofluorimetry [25][26][27]. However, for the simultaneous determination of both CUR and RES, only one HPLC method was reported [28]. ...
... As a result, each analyst is allowed to select the analytical step that best serves the environmental goal of his work. Comparing the pentagrams produced by the proposed spectrofluorimetric approach to those produced by the previously published methods [25][26][27][28] showed that the spectrofluorimetric method produced the greenest pentagrams (Fig. 8a-e). ...
... The analysis with the highest score, one, is shown as a dark green shade. The AGREE pictogram shows the maximum score of 0.77 for the stated spectrofluorometric technique compared to the reported methods with a score ranging from 0.5 to 0.63 [25][26][27][28] indicating a good green analysis for our proposed method (Fig. 8f-j). The main points for decreasing the greenness of the reported methods are either using DMSO as a solvent [26], or consumption of higher energy (HPLC-UV) [28]. ...
In this work, resveratrol and curcumin, two natural polyphenols, were simultaneously determined in human plasma samples using a rapid, sensitive, green, and affordable synchronous fluorescence spectroscopic approach. Several factors affecting the performance of the procedure, including Δλ, pH, diluting solvent, and organized medium, were optimized. Based on the findings, the fluorescence of resveratrol and curcumin was measured at 304 and 443 nm, respectively, with Δλ of 80.0 nm and ethanol as the diluting solvent. Excellent linearity was demonstrated by the approach (r=0.9999) over the concentration range of 5.00–1000.00 and 2.00–400.00 ng/mL for resveratrol and curcumin, respectively. The obtained detection limits for resveratrol and curcumin were 0.027 and 0.042 ng/mL, respectively, indicating the high sensitivity of the proposed method. Moreover, the method exhibited excellent precision (both inter and intra-day), with %RSD < 1 %. The “green analytical process index” and “Analytical GREEnness” metric tools were used to compare the green profiles of the proposed method to those of the published methods. These two greenness evaluation tools verified that the suggested methodology satisfied the greatest number of green criteria, proposing its usage as a green alternative for the routine analysis of the investigated natural anticancer polyphenols in human plasma.
... As appreciated, fluorescent techniques are very sensitive methodologies; therefore, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of fluorescent molecules have certain advantages with respect to the separation, qualification, and quantification perspectives [20]. Within this research study, it was aimed to develop a methodology employing an HPLC system connected to a fluorescent detector to sensitively qualify and quantify the major urolithins (i.e., Urolithin A, and B, abbreviated as URO-A, and URO-B, respectively within the manuscript) and their methyl ether metabolites (i.e., URO-A-M, and URO-B-M), all available in systemic circulation upon exposure to ellagitannin rich diet ( Figure 1). ...
... Indeed, the LOD and LOQs obtained were all found less than the ones for pure UV detection. Previous studies indicated the concentrations of diverse urolithins in plasma can reach up to 100µM levels upon exposure to an ellagitannin-rich diet [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The LOD and LOQ concentrations via the fluorescence technique displayed in this research study pointed out the very low nanomolar levels that can be either detected or quantified. ...
... Fertilizers are also required to keep the soil's NPK content at an optimal level for the greatest outcomes. One of the current future difficulties is the sustainable production of turmeric with a high curcumin concentration [49,50]. Chemical fertilizers for curcuminoid enhancement are widely used in contemporary agronomic techniques that are intended to disrupt microbial community structures, particularly beneficial interactions [51,52]. ...
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is the most prominent curcuminoid found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa which has potential application in traditional therapeutics along with modern nanomedicine. The present study was carried out for the comparative extraction and analysis of Curcumin present in the mid (early) and harvesting (late) stages. As soil profile (pH and NPK) value plays a vital role in the curcumin content in the rhizome of Curcuma longa, we have studied the soil samples of the selected cultivation areas (Hamirpur, Kangra, and Una) for their respective microbial load, whereas the collected rhizome samples were subjected towards ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) examination. The results of soil profiles of Hamirpur (Sample I), Kangra (Sample II), and Una (Sample III) were recorded with appropriate conditions for growth and metabolism along with some variations in optimum and medium-ranged N (higher than 40 kg/acre), phosphorus (30–40 kg/acre) and potassium (60–90 kg/acre to 90–120 kg/acre) contents, although the observed pH of the soil of all the three samples was in the range of 5.0–7.0. Sample II showed a high load of Azotobacter, a moderate amount of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB)'s and fungus load in the soil, whereas, Sample I and Sample III showed a moderate load of Azotobacter, along with a moderate and low concentration of PSB and high microbial fungal concentrations. The UPLC-MS analysis was recorded with an initial high curcumin percentage in samples obtained from district Hamirpur (99%) and Una (85%) at mid-stage, which declined during the harvesting stage (40% and 65%, respectively), however, the turmeric rhizome samples from Kangra showed (65%) lowest Curcumin content during mid-stage, which increased during harvesting stage (98%). The Curcumin content varied at different harvesting stages and it depends upon region diversity, due to the influence of soil parameters and climatic conditions. Comparing Curcumin content between the early-mid and late harvesting stages of turmeric cultivation will solve the issues related to Curcumin harvesting and extraction, where industries and farmers can easily pick up the right stage of Curcumin harvesting for value-added production and worthy implementation.
... Curcumin is a yellow phenolic pigment with low toxicity, wide medicinal source and low price extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa of the ginger family, such as turmeric and tulip, which has a wide application prospect and value in clinical treatment [2,3]. Curcumin shows great effects of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting tumor metastasis, and inhibiting angiogenesis on a variety of tumors [4][5][6]. ...
Background:
Curcumin shows great effects of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting tumor metastasis, and inhibiting angiogenesis on a variety of tumors. However, the biological activity and possible mechanisms of curcumin in the treatment of retinoblastoma have not been fully elucidated. This study explored the potential therapeutic targets and pharmacological mechanisms of curcumin against retinoblastoma based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.
Methods:
The genes corresponding to curcumin targets were screened from the HERB, PharmMapper, and SwissTargetPrediction databases. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed for the intersecting targets in the STRING database. Cytoscape 3.7.0 was used for network topology analysis and screening of important targets. R 4.1.0 software was used for Gene Ontology (GO) function enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of intersection targets. The molecular structures of curcumin and core target proteins were obtained from PubChem and PDB databases, and the two were preprocessed and molecularly docked using AutoDockTools and PyMOL software.
Results:
Through network data mining, we obtained 504 curcumin targets and 966 retinoblastoma disease targets, and 44 potential targets for curcumin treatment of retinoblastoma were obtained by mapping. Three core targets were obtained from network topology analysis. 462 biological processes, 21 cellular compositions, and 34 molecular functions were obtained by GO enrichment analysis. KEGG pathway analysis revealed 94 signaling pathways, mainly involving chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation, chemical carcinogenesis-reactive oxygen species, viral carcinogenesis, Th17 cell differentiation, etc. The molecular docking results indicated that the binding energy of curcumin to the core targets was less than 0 kJ mol-1, among which the binding energy of RB1 and CDKN2A to curcumin was less than -5 kJ mol-1 with significant binding activity.
Conclusion:
Based on molecular docking technology and network pharmacology, we initially revealed that curcumin exerts its therapeutic effects on retinoblastoma with multitarget, multipathway, and multibiological functions, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent studies.
This research developed a colorimetric assay for semi-quantitative curcumin detection. The screening test was performed using a ferric chloride to form a brownish color which was further used to evaluate the amount of curcumin in the turmeric powder samples. The quantitative assay was performed based on the color intensity of the curcumin target using a smartphone digital image colorimetry with a developed lightbox constructed with a white light-emitting diodes (LED) light source as the measurement device. Images in red, green, and blue (RGB) color were processed to obtain relevant colors from the image and the color values were used to analyze curcumin concentrations. The intensity of the ΔB was correlated to the concentration of curcumin with high sensitivity. The method showed a linear range between 0.25 and 5 mg L−1 with the LOD and LOQ of 0.12 and 0.41 mg L−1, respectively. Sample analysis was carried out in turmeric powders. Curcumin in turmeric powder samples was simply extracted using acetonitrile followed by dilution 100 times for sample preparation. The accuracy was tested by spiking 0.25, 1.00, and 4.00 mg L−1 of standard curcumin into the turmeric sample solution. The average percentage recoveries were acceptable in all samples (90–104%). The method was validated by comparing the results obtained from the proposed method and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). There was no statistically significant difference between the two methods (P = 0.05).
