CIU detects HOSs in RNA species. Top to bottom (A-C), RNA species increase in their higher order structural complexity. (A) A single stranded short interfering RNA (siRNA) of primary structure. (B) An RNA duplex of secondary structure. (C) A mt-tRNA of tertiary structure. CIU analyses support the expected increase in HOS through the observed increasing number of features observed (n ≥3, RMSDs ≤ 2.00 for all).

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... CIUSuite2.3 was used for CIU analysis of all nucleic acids ( Figure S1). Specifically, raw instrument files were loaded via CIU batch extraction to generate .raw ...

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... work has revealed an ionic strength dependency to produce specific nucleic acid charge states and CCSs, 33 and these trends were reproduced in our RNA IM-MS screen. Taken together, these conditions were applied for CIU analyses with the goal of capturing native-like RNA HOSs (Figure 1). From a short-interfering RNA (siRNA) sequence to a tRNA exhibiting a complex tertiary structure, we observe an increase in the number of CIU features with the number of HOS elements (e.g., stem-loops, hairpin turns), suggesting a correlation between the two. ...

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... data reveal significant differences across each point of maturation and mutation, but the overall effects these structural changes induce in the specific RNA species studied are difficult to interpret through CCS information alone ( Figure 4A). Interestingly, it is important to note that while these changes in mt-tRNA CCS were not observed in the absence of Mg 2+ , small differences in CIU were still able to be captured between RNA variants ( Figure S10). In conjunction with CIU, we observe that the A3243G mutation destabilizes each mt-tRNA maturation state to a significant degree ( Figure 4B). ...