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Objective
Bone resorption is the cornerstone in bone remodeling affecting the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. RANKL has a direct effect on osteoclastogenesis. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics (CFO) on RANKL release during orthodontic tooth move...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... bone (Fig. 1). The flap was then carefully repositioned and sutured with 4-0 black silk by using the single interrupted technique. Finally, the maxillary archwire was then ligated, and canine retraction is performed using a nickel-titanium closed-coil spring stretched between the hook of the canine bracket and the mini-screw applying force 150 g (Fig. ...
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Citations
... Several studies in the literature have shown that LLLT increases fibroblast proliferation and the quantity of osteoid tissue [87][88][89]. The first effect is stimulation of cellular proliferation, especially nodule-forming cells of osteoblast lineage [87]. ...
... Most of studies demonstrated that the application of the laser accelerated the velocity of tooth movement. However other studies conducted results appeared to have no significant difference between the laser and the control group in the studies conducted [29,79,80,88,98,102,103,[106][107][108][109][110][111]. ...
... In other study, a double-fold increase in the rate of tooth movement was observed when using a 8.0 J Ga-Al-As diode laser was irradiated while reducing 70% of accompanying pain during tooth movement [102], while other study reported that LLLT has no effect on pain reduction [98]. The optimum dose of laser energy required to facilitate the tooth movement in human subject appeared to be different against the dose recommended in animal subjects [88]. ...
The achievable rate of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a crucial predictor of treatment time, with most studies estimating 1 mm of movement every month. Accelerating OTM is important due to the annual increase in adult patients seeking orthodontic treatment, as they are not growing and have slower rates of tissue metabolism and regeneration. Various surgical and nonsurgical techniques have been used to accelerate tooth movement by interfering with biological pathways affecting bone cell activity. Approaches to OTM acceleration can be invasive, minimal, and micro- or non-invasive, and can be achieved through pharmacological agents, physical devices, vibration, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, direct electric current, and photobiomodulation.
... La búsqueda establecida y la selección de artículos científicos para la revisión de la literatura de láser de alta potencia vs láser de baja potencia en la aceleración de movimiento dentario ortodónticos. Se seleccionó de los 2.901 artículos para la revisión de la literatura, esta información obtenida se ha manifestado en estudios de revisión sistemática (Lai et al., 2021;Cronshaw et al., 2019;Alfailany et al., 2022), estudios de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (Zheng y Yang, 2021); Revi sta RELIGACION (Bakdach & Hadad, 2020); (Fini et al., 2020); (Isola, Ferlito et al., 2019); (Nayyer et al., 2021); (Domínguez et al., 2021); (Isola Matarese et al., 2019); (Yang et al., 2019); (Demirsoy & Kurt, 2020); (Kamran, 2020); (Sedky et al., 2019); (Dakshina et al., 2019) La aceleración del movimiento de ortodoncia se da mediante el láser de baja potencia, manifestando fuerzas controladas e iniciando un proceso inflamatorio, actuando en el ligamento periodontal y en los vasos sanguíneos, causando una hialización e hiperemia. Los tejidos que rodean al diente empiezan a liberar moléculas, como: interluquinas, prostaglandinas y el sistema RANK-RANKL-OPG, activándose los osteoclastos y a la vez provocando reabsorción en el ligamento periodontal, hueso alveolar, y cemento. ...
Se han evaluado varios métodos durante el tratamiento ortodóntico para acelerar el movimiento dentario, invasivos o quirúrgicos y no invasivos con la inclusión de diversos protocolos como: medicamentos, estimulación eléctrica externa, microvibración, láser de baja potencia (LBP), corticotomías, etc, sin embargo, no se podría afirmar que alguno de estos sea altamente eficiente e irrefutable. El objetivo fue el de analizar la literatura correspondiente sobre la capacidad de la utilización del láser de alta potencia versus el de baja potencia dentro de la aceleración de movimientos dentarios ortodónticos. La revisión se escogió mediante una investigación en diferentes bases de datos, como: Pubmed, Lilacs, Scopus, Ovid, Proquest, Pesquisa, Epistemonikos, Web of Science, entre otras. La exploración se restringió a artículos en inglés español y portugués publicados desde agosto 2017 a agosto 2023. Inmediatamente al aplicar los criterios de inclusión en total se adquirieron y revisaron 38 artículos. Se efectuó la revisión de literatura de láser de alta potencia vs láser de baja potencia en la aceleración de movimiento dentario ortodónticos. Revisión de literatura. Así, la literatura disponible reveló que el uso de laser de baja potencia LLLT proporciona aceleración efectiva para el movimiento dentario, en comparación con el de alta potencia.
... As a result, bone resorption is dominantly observed at the pressure side while bone deposition occurs at the tension side (4). Occurrence of OTM relies on bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts; in other words, bone resorption is the cornerstone of bone remodeling, which affects the speed of OTM (5). Speed of OTM also depends on the speed of PDL and alveolar bone remodeling (6). ...
This study investigated the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) with 980 nm diode laser as monotherapy and in combination with compressive and tensile orthodontic forces on expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), sclerostin (SOST) and periostin (POSTN), by human periodontal ligament cells. Isolated cells were cultured and subjected to either tensile (10% elongation) or compressive forces (25 g cm-2 ) for 24 and 48 hours. Subsequently, the cells received PBM (100 mW power, 3 or 6 J cm-2 energy density) immediately after load cycle. RT-PCR was applied to assess the genes expression. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by post- hoc Tukey test (P ≤ .05). We found that PBM in combination with orthodontic forces led to upregulation of bone resorption genes (RANKL and SOST) at the pressure side and their down-regulation at the tension side. The expression of osteogenic genes (OPG and POSTN) increased at the tension side and decreased at the pressure side. PBM alone did not affect gene expression. In conclusion, these findings suggest that this PBM protocol may be effective in enhancement of the gene expression in favor of bone remodeling acceleration that should be confirmed in future animal and human studies.
... It is well accepted that the rate of tooth movement is governed by the amount of bone resorption; therefore, one can assume that the factors recruiting osteoclast precursors from the circulation and stimulating the differentiation of these cells into osteoclasts should play a significant role in the rate of tooth movement. Osteoclast differentiation and function appear to be regulated by a counterbalancing system, which has been referred to as the RANKL/RANK/OPG regulatory axis [1]. The receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) exerts regulatory effects on osteoclastogenesis, including osteoclast differentiation, activation, and survival. ...
... The Arndt-Schultz law stated that: "very low doses don't stimulate, low doses stimulate, medium doses impede, and high doses destroy' thus, powers up to 100 mW is preferred for PBM as listed in several studies" [7]. For the timing and frequency of irradiation, studies showed that subjects are more readily influenced by PBM in the initial stages of a biological response, this occurs because cells are more prone to the influence of laser treatment during the proliferative and early phases of differentiation [1,2]. Hence, PBM should be applied once the orthodontic force is applied, because this time the cells are in stressed status and by then we can maximize and augment the effect. ...
... The theory follows that cells are most commonly affected during a specific phase of their cell cycle. Multiple applications improve the chances that cells are irradiated during this window of susceptibility [1,2,5]. ...
Reducing the orthodontic treatment time and pain are real challenges facing orthodontists. Photobiomodulation (PBM) as an intervention treatment modality showed significant outcomes tackling these two challenges. Yet a lot of challenges face researchers investigating PBM as the studies conducted to date have used multiple diverse variables. Unveiling these paradoxes requires standardizing evidence-based guidelines for future investigations.
... A summary of the excluded articles after full-text assessment with reasons for exclusion is presented in the table in Appendices. Finally, six studies (four RCTs and two CCTs) were included in the SR [23,[32][33][34][35][36]. The PRISMA flow diagram is presented in Figure 1. ...
... The characteristics of the six included trials are given in Table 2 and Table 3 [23,[32][33][34][35][36]. Only one protocol trial was found; more information about that ongoing research project is shown in Table 4 and Table 5. ...
... Only one protocol trial was found; more information about that ongoing research project is shown in Table 4 and Table 5. Four completed RCTs [23,[32][33][34] and two CCTs [35,36], including 154 patients, were included in this review. The age range was from 15 to 29 years. ...
The objectives of this review were to evaluate the currently available evidence regarding the effectiveness of surgical versus non-surgical acceleration methods and the side effects associated with these methods. Nine databases were searched: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE®, Scopus®, PubMed®, Web of Science™, Google™ Scholar, Trip, OpenGrey, and PQDT OPEN from pro-Quest®. ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform Search Portal (ICTRP) were screened to explore ongoing studies and unpublished literature. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), as well as controlled clinical trials (CCTs) of patients who received surgical interventions (invasive or minimally invasive techniques) in conjunction with traditional fixed appliances and who were compared to the non-surgical interventions, were included. The Cochrane tool for risk of bias (RoB.2) was used for evaluating RCTs, whereas the ROBINS-I tool was used for the CCTs.
This systematic review included four RCTs and two CCTs (154 patients). The surgical and non-surgical interventions were found to have the same effect on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) accelerating in four trials. In contrast, the surgical interventions were superior in the other two studies. High heterogeneity among the included studies prevented conducting the quantitative synthesis of the findings. The reported side effects related to the surgical and non-surgical interventions were similar.
A "very low" to "low" evidence indicates that the effectiveness of surgical and non-surgical interventions in the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement is similar, with no differences in the associated side effects. More high-quality clinical trials to compare the acceleration effectiveness between both modalities in different types of malocclusion is required.
... The deep tissue handpiece by BIOLASE® was used for laser delivery with a laser beam diameter of 9 mm with an irradiation area of 0.635 cm 2 . • The following laser parameters and settings were used: power (100 mW), irradiation time (25 s), energy (2.5 J), energy density (3.937 J/cm 2 ), in contact mode [10]. ...
... A semiconductor diode laser nearinfrared with a wavelength 940 nm was used in the current study. This wavelength was also used in previous experimental studies [25,26] and clinical studies [10,27,28] Low-level laser therapy effects depend on the total amount of irradiation, frequency, and duration of application. There is a dose-related response; at relatively low doses of laser radiation, there can be photobiostimulation which could be helpful in healing enhancement. ...
... According to these findings, the energy density used in the study was 3.9 J/cm 2 which was calculated from the given parameters: energy density = energy (J) 2.5 J/area (cm 2 ) 0.635 cm 2 . These parameters were used by Sedky et al. [10]. Furthermore, they found a positive effect of low-level laser therapy on RANKL level and bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. ...
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the skeletal and dentoalveolar changes achieved by combining low-level laser irradiation applied on the condyle area with twin-block therapy in growing class II malocclusion patients.
Methods
Fourteen patients (9 males, 5 females; mean age, 11.4 ± 2 years) with skeletal class II mandibular deficiency were recruited. They were divided into two groups (G 1: twin-block + low-level laser therapy, G 2: twin-block only). A semiconductor diode laser with a wavelength of 940 nm was applied on the condyle area (100 mW, 2.5 J, 3.9 J/cm²). The laser was applied twice a week in the first month and once a week in the second and third months, totalizing 16 sessions. Skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue cephalometric parameters were measured and compared at different treatment points.
Results
Mandibular length (Co-Gn) was significantly increased by 3.6 mm in the experiment group (3.16 SD) and 4.3 mm (4.4 SD) in the control group, with no significant difference between groups at every time point (P-value 0.949 at T2). Similarly, a statistically significant positive effect of treatment was found in both groups on ramus height (Co-Go), upper lip to E-Line, SNA angle, ANB angle, and U1/SN angle with no significant difference between groups.
Conclusion
Based on the results of this preliminary study, low-level laser irradiation with the used parameters seems to have no synergetic impact on the skeletal and dental outcomes of twin-block therapy over 9 months. However, more studies are needed to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy on condylar growth during functional orthodontic treatment.
... The results of direct intraoral measurements from Group A showed that the rate of canine retraction in the LLLT side was higher by nearly 1.5-fold in comparison to standard canine retraction over the 3 months period, which was in accordance with other studies [13], [14], [15]. The ability of LLLT to accelerate canine retraction can be explained by the effect of LLLT on the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-KB (RANK)/RANK ligand/osteoprotegerin system which is essential for osteoclastogenesis in animals and humans [16], [17], [18], [19]. On reviewing the literature, a vast heterogeneity was found in the protocol of LLLT application to accelerate OTM [2], [20]. ...
... Clinically, the rate of canine retraction in the piezocision side was higher by nearly 1.4-fold in comparison to standard canine retraction over the 3 months period of treatment. The ability of piezocision to accelerate canine retraction can be explained by the effect (the RAP) as with the MOPs [19], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27]. Reviewing the literature, piezocision was placed vertically close to the canine to be retracted and as far as possible from the anchor teeth [23] the longer and the deeper the incisions, the more the effect of the RAP [28], [29], [30], [31]. ...
the aim of the study was to study the effectiveness of Low Energy Laser Application or piezocisions in accelerating tooth movement, during canine retraction, compared to conventional canine retraction. Patients and Methods: A split mouth study design was done with two groups A and B. Each group confined 10 patients; in each patient one side was used as a control side and the contralateral side received either low-level laser therapy (LLLT) (group A) or piezocisions (group B). The evaluation data was gathered by Intra-oral measurements directly, every 2 weeks, over a 3 months retraction period. Results: Statistical analysis using Repeated measure ANOVA test was used to compare between more than two groups in related samples. Paired sample t-test was used to compare between two groups in related samples. Independent sample t-test was used to compare between two groups in non-related samples. direct intra-oral measurements from Group A illustrated that there was a statistically significant difference between the study and control sides (p<0.001) a total of 4.19 ± 0.5 mm canine retraction has been achieved in the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) assisted canine retraction side versus a 2.83 ± 0.2 mm total canine retraction in the control side. which was statistically significant. Group B illustrated that there was a statistically significant difference between the study and control sides ( p<0.001) that a total of 3.65± 0.4 mm canine retraction has been achieved in the piezocisions assisted canine retraction side versus a 2.79± 0.2 mm total canine retraction in the control side which was a highly statistically significant difference Conclusion: low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and Piezocisions techniques accelerated the rate of canine retraction during orthodontic treatment, with the low-level laser therapy (LLLT) being slightly more effective.
A BSTRACT
Background and Aim
The aim of this clinic study was to investigate the effect of piezoincision on the rate of mandibular molar mesialization using clinical, radiological, and biochemical methods.
Materials and Methods
Twenty-one patients requiring mandibular first molar extraction and second molar mesialization were included in the study which was designed as split-mouth study. Piezoincision was performed on the buccal surface of alveolar bone following regional alignment to the randomly selected side. 150 g of force was applied to the second molar teeth using mini-screw-supported anchorage after the piezoincision. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and digital model records of the patients were obtained. Two- and three-dimensional measurements were performed and compared on the CBCT images in a study which lasted 24 weeks.
Results
According to the model analysis, the canine-second molar distance was consistently reduced and a greater decrease was measured on the experimental group (p < 0.05). Second molar mesial rotations increased in both groups (p < 0.001). Two-dimensional measurements on CBCT images showed increased mesial and buccal tipping of second molars in experimental group (p < 0.001). There was a significant increase in mesialization measurements of experimental group (p < 0.001). Three-dimensional measurements on the CBCT images showed a decrease of root length in both groups (p < 0.001), and a greater decrease was found in the experimental group (p < 0.001). When intra-group changes in GCF results were examined, it was observed that there was no significant change in osteoprotegerin (OPG) values over time in experimental group (p = 0.148).
Conclusion
The piezoincision technique provided acceleration of mandibular molar mesialization and did not cause further damage to the buccal alveolar bone. Piezoincision can be used as a safe method in the mandibular molar region.
