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Concrete is a brittle material, so it is reinforced with fibers (such as steel, glass and nylon fibers) to improve its ductility. On the other hand, the use of fibers resulting from waste is an interesting issue to avoid the negative impact of these wastes on the environment as well as converting them from useless to other valuable materials. Limit...
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... bulk density results are presented in Fig. 8. Results indicated that at addition rates of 0.25% and 0.5% of WRF, there was no significant effect on the bulk density of concrete (the density changes were less than 1%). On the other hand, the density value was declined by 3.1% at 1% fiber content compared to the reference specimen. This reduction in density value for 1WRF is a ...
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... previous works, the researchers compared their results with service deflection rather than the ultimate deflection [37]. BS 8110 [38] stated that the allowable deflection is equal to (span length/250) so as for satisfying the safety and appearance criteria of the structure. So, service deflection (δs) equals 3.2 mm (L/250 = 800/250) as shown in Fig. 8. The vertical line represents this service deflection. The 0.25WRF and 1WRF beams had a service deflection at load more than 87% of the ultimate load, confirming their high ability of these beams to absorb energy. The (0.5WRF) beam, on the other hand, showed lower efficiency than the other two models, although, the (δs) is close to the ...
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The initiation of micro-cracks in concrete is primarily due to its brittleness, which causes severe impacts on the overall behaviour of the concrete. However, incorporating fibers in concrete can increase its strength and performance. The nylon fibers used in this study were of two types: Ny-lon Fiber Threads (NFT) and Nylon Fiber Strands (NFS). Th...
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... Also, the study reported the increase in length and quantity of fiber, more reduces the flow-ability and pass-ability of concrete while resistance against detachment is enhanced. Hence, while the fiber content increases, the inter-facial bond capacity between the fiber and cement paste becomes flexible since the additional fibers consume the binder of the cement paste to cover the fiber [62]. Generally, the reduction of workability of concrete by the employment of waste synthetic fiber can be solved by the addition of admixture without increasing the water content [56]. ...
... Also, Tamrin & Nurdiana [67], investigated on the waste polyethylene fiber employment in the concrete mixture and found the density of concrete reduced and get more lighter concrete due to being reinforced by waste polyethylene fiber, which is mainly the waste polyethylene fiber have low density compared to the concrete mixture. The same observation with Abdulridha et al. [62] that reported the employment of waste nylon rope fiber lessens the density by 3.1 % for 1 % fiber replacement in the concrete. ...
... Besides these, as shown in Fig. 8a,b the Abdulridha et al. [62] and Farooq et al. [68] found the employment of waste synthetic fiber rope and nylon fiber respectively slightly increased at lower fiber substitution and while the doses of waste synthetic fiber increases the density fall down compared to the control concrete mixture. That is decreases in density due to the specific gravity of waste synthetic fiber is much lower than the concrete [69]. ...
... Rope fiber waste is one of plastic waste types that has been studied previously, which comes from cutting nylon ropes into small pieces. Previous research has examined the influence of waste rope fibers (WRF) on different properties of concrete or mortar in concrete technology [18], [19]. Abdulridha et al. 2022 [18] studied the influence of using different percentages of WRF (by concrete weight) which were (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%) on concrete properties. ...
... Previous research has examined the influence of waste rope fibers (WRF) on different properties of concrete or mortar in concrete technology [18], [19]. Abdulridha et al. 2022 [18] studied the influence of using different percentages of WRF (by concrete weight) which were (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%) on concrete properties. It concluded that the maximum increase in compressive and flexural strengths due to adding WRF were 22% and 4.3%, respectively. ...
... This is accompanied by the high content of voids in previous concrete which also reduces its compressive strength. Similar findings were recorded in the literature [18], [31], [32]. ...
Urbanization has led to the damage of infrastructure due to floods and water accumulation on roads and sidewalks. To address this problem, pervious concrete was designed to drain water smoothly. However, pervious concrete has certain drawbacks, such as brittleness and poor tensile strength. To overcome these shortcomings, it is reinforced with fiber. Polypropylene fibers are commonly used for this purpose. On the other hand, managing waste plastic is a major problem as it has a significant environmental impact and requires large areas for landfills. Waste rope fibers (WRF) are among these wastes. There have been very limited investigations on the use of WRF in pervious concrete. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of polypropylene (PP) fibers and waste rope fibers (WRF) on the mechanical and structural properties of pervious concrete. PP and WRF fibers were added in proportions of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% by volume of concrete. A range of tests (compressive strength, tensile strength, density, permeability, load-deflection behavior, and ductility) were conducted to evaluate the resulting concrete. The results indicated that although the permeability was decreased by adding fibers, the fibers significantly improved the mechanical and structural properties of pervious concrete. The highest values for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and ultimate load were 83.4%, 72.4%, and 89.62% for PP fibers-based mixtures, while they were 49.9%, 41.9%, and 102.83% for mixtures made with WRF at an addition rate of 0.5% for both types of fibers. The results also demonstrated that the existence of fibers improved the ductility of the concrete, which means that WRF can be used successfully in producing eco-friendly pervious concrete with better performance than the control specimen.
... One of the most important finding of this study was that the addition of WRF resulted in an enhancement of the compressive and flexural strength of concrete by up to 22% and 4.3%, respectively. Also, they found that the breadth of cracks in reinforced concrete beams had a significant reduction, while the ductility index of beams based on WRF was measured to be between 3.07 and 3.24, in contrast to a value of 1.45 for beams without fibers [4]. ...
... Concrete made with steel fiber has been efficiently used in precast products, slabs on grade, architectural panels, shotcrete, marine structures, thin and thick repairs, structures in seismic zones, crash barriers, hydraulic structures, foundations, and many other structures [5]. Depending on its properties, the utilization of fibers in a concrete structural member may enhance ductility performance and limit the crack generation and overall strength and toughness [6,7]. Moreover, fiber-reinforced concrete can improve the compressive behavior of concrete pillars. ...
Concrete is a brittle substance; thus, it is reinforced with rebars and fibers to enhance its ductility. On the other hand, the presence of waste from various industries negatively impacts the environment. The ongoing reconstruction in Iraq has resulted in an abundance of locally produced rebar-connecting wire (RCW) and copper electric wire (CEW) waste. To minimize the environmental impact of these wastes, they can be reused in other industries, such as the concrete industry. Few studies have dealt with concrete's structural and mechanical properties containing these local residues. Therefore, this study included an experimental investigation of concrete columns with and without various types of industrial and waste fibers. Two types of industrial fibers (macro hooked-end; CH, and micro straight; CS) steel fibers and two types of waste fibers (RCW and CEW) were utilized. Six reinforced concrete (RC) columns (150 × 150 × 450 mm3) were cast: one control column without fibers and five columns with fibers. The fiber content within the columns was fixed at 0.75% of the concrete volume. The cracks pattern, load-deflection behavior and concrete strain for RC columns were investigated. Moreover, the mechanical properties in terms of compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths tests were also conducted. The results revealed that all types of fibers used improved the mechanical and structural properties of the concrete. Moreover, although the hybrid synthetic fibers gave the best improvement compared to the reference sample, the waste fibers (especially RCW) showed a significant improvement that reached 30.91% in relation to the ultimate load and (10.1, 10.8 and 14.4%) in relation to the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths respectively. ABSTRAK: Konkrit adalah material rapuh; oleh itu ianya dikuatkan dengan besi dan fiber bagi menguatkan kekuatannya. Dalam masa sama, kehadiran bahan buangan dalam pelbagai industri memberi kesan negatif kepada persekitaran. Penstrukturan semula Iraq yang sedang berlangsung memberi kesan kepada kebanjiran bahan buangan seperti besi penghubung litar (RCW) dan litar elektrik tembaga (CEW) buatan tempatan. Bagi mengurangkan kesan pencemaran terhadap alam sekitar, bahan-bahan ini boleh diguna balik dalam industri berbeza, seperti industri konkrit. Terdapat banyak kajian terhadap buangan tempatan yang melibatkan struktur bahan konkrit dan sifat mekanikal. Oleh itu, kajian ini merupakan kajian eksperimen pasak konkrit dengan atau tanpa pelbagai jenis industri dan fiber buangan. Dua jenis fiber industri iaitu fiber besi (mikro hujung-penyangkut; CH dan mikro lurus; CS) dan dua jenis fiber buangan (RCW dan CEW) dipakai. Enam RC pasak konkrit (150 × 150 × 450 mm3) dihasilkan: satu pasak kawalan tanpa fiber dan lima pasak dengan fiber. Kandungan fiber dalam pasak di tetapkan pada 0.75% isipadu konkrit. Corak rekahan, ciri-ciri kesan beban dan tekanan konkrit pada pasak RC dikaji. Tambahan, kajian terhadap ciri-ciri mekanikal berdasarkan tekanan, rekahan tensil dan kekuatan anjalan telah dijalankan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan kesemua fiber yang digunakan menambah baik ciri-ciri mekanikal dan struktur konkrit. Tambahan lagi, walaupun fiber sintetik hibrid menunjukkan paling baik berbanding sampel contoh, fiber buangan (terutama RCW) menunjukkan pembaharuan ketara mencapai 30.91% berbanding beban maksimum dan masing-masing menunjukkan 10.1, 10.8 dan 14.4% pada tekanan, rekahan tensil dan kekuatan anjalan.
... Furthermore, the fibers increase the ductility of the concrete and contribute positively to its waterproofness [19]. In a study, it was shown that by reusing waste rope fibers in concrete, the compressive strength of concrete increased by up to 22% and the flexural strength increased by 4.3% [20]. Figure 1 shows the share of textiles consumed worldwide in 2021. ...
It is known that concrete with high ductility reduces fatalities because it absorbs more energy during an earthquake. The aim of this study is to increase the ductility of concrete by using glass fiber mesh (GFM) left over from the use of plaster in structures and to support sustainability by reusing waste materials in concrete. Another aim is to contribute to the economy by using waste fibers instead of expensive fibers such as carbon and polypropylene in concrete. Two types of concrete were used: class C25 concrete and self-compacting concrete. The specified number of GFM materials was cut into 3 cm wide pieces and placed in 10 cm × 10 cm × 50 cm concrete beam specimens in varying numbers. It was found that the flexural values of the obtained specimens gave slightly better results than the prepared reference specimen. In addition, the increasing stress zones in the beams were visualized using the ANSYS software.
... At waste rope fiber proportions of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%, respectively, the slump reduction rates were 28.6%, 52.7%, and 84.6% in contrast to the reference sample. 45 Ahmad et al. 16 noted that the interfacial connection between concrete and fibers in concrete inhibits the distribution and raises the viscosity of the mixes, which may be used to explain this phenomenon. The capacity of the interfacial connection between the concrete and the fibers changes as the fiber content rises because more fibers need more cement paste to coat them. ...
In tension, concrete is often weaker than in compression. To increased the tensile strength of concrete, fibers are added. Nylon fibers (NF) have shown promising results in previous research and tests since their presence has shown significant increases in concrete performance. The purpose of this research is to gather data from previous studies on NF-reinforced concrete (FRC). The key components of this review include concrete flowability, compressive strength, tensile strength, impact strength, rehabilitation, performance during irradiation, and fire resistance. In addition, the article examines the fracture behavior and failure patterns of nylon FRC. The results show that NF enhanced concrete performance, notably tensile capacity, owing to bridging mechanisms, but lowered concrete flow properties. However, the some researcher demonstrates that NF does not improved the compressive capacity significantly. Therefore, the study proposes more research to increase the compressive capacity of concrete by applying alternative treatments to NF or by employing secondary cementitious materials.
... The lowest density was recorded in the WG25F0.25 mixture and was 2024.1 kg/m 3 (or 1% less than the reference mixture density), while the highest density was given by the WG5F0.75 mixture and was 2066.7 kg/m 3 (or 1.1% higher than control sample density). Similar results were recorded previously [28]. ...
... The lowest density was recorded in the WG25F0.25 mixture and was 2024.1 kg/m 3 (or 1% less than the reference mixture density), while the highest density was given by the WG5F0.75 mixture and was 2066.7 kg/m 3 (or 1.1% higher than control sample density). Similar results were recorded previously [28]. Processes 2023, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 12 of 19 Figure 8. ...
Carbon dioxide emissions are one of the problems that arouses the interest of scientists because of their harmful effects on the environment and climate. The construction sector, particularly the cement industry, is a significant source of CO2. On the other hand, solid waste constitutes a major problem facing governments due to the difficulty of decomposing it and the fact that it requires large areas for landfill. Among these wastes are LCD waste glass (WG) and used rope waste. Therefore, reusing these wastes, for example, in concrete technology, is a promising solution to reduce their environmental impact. Limited studies have dealt with the simultaneous utilization of glass waste as a substitute for cement and rope waste (nylon) fiber (WRF). Therefore, this study aimed to partially replace cement with WG with the addition of rope waste as fibers. Thirteen mixtures were poured: a reference mixture (without replacement or addition) and three other groups containing WG and WRF in proportions of 5, 15 and 25% by cement weight and 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75% by mortar weight, respectively. Flow rate, compression strength, flexural strength, dry density, water absorption, dynamic modulus of elasticity, ultrasonic pulse velocity and electrical resistivity were tested. The results indicate that the best ratio for replacing cement with WG without fibers was 5% of the weight of cement. However, using WRF increased the amount of glass replacement to 25%, with an improvement in strength and durability characteristics.
... However, for concrete with the same water-cement ratio and sand ratio, the slump exhibits a huge difference. The slumps of PS0, PS2, PS4, PS6, PS8, and PS10 are 34,30,28,24,22, and 17 mm, respectively. With the increase of PSF incorporation, the slump decreased gradually and the slump of PS2 and PS10 decreased by 11.7% and 50%, respectively, compared with PS0. ...
... This is consistent with the results obtained from previous physical parameter tests. Abdulridha [30] also obtained a similar conclusion, they added waste rope fibers to concrete and found that UPV decreased gradually with the increase of fiber content. Using the correlation law between ultrasonic pulse velocity and concrete quality, the prediction model is established by the regression analysis method (Figure 6c). ...
With the continuous spread of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), a large number of medical protective suits (PS) have been used and discarded, causing great damage to the ecological environment. The main component of PS is polypropylene plastic, which will enter the oceans, rivers, and animals with groundwater and will not decompose for hundreds of years. Therefore, this global health crisis not only affects the health and economy of the world’s population now but will also continue to disrupt our daily lives after the pandemic ends. The main objective of this study is to explore an effective method to reduce the biological and environmental hazards of medical waste by combining PS with concrete. Due to the excessive size of the PS, protective suit fibers (PSF) were obtained from PS by cutting. To investigate the possibility of using PS in concrete, a series of experiments were conducted, including a physical parameter test, compression test, split tensile test, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and finite element simulation. The results indicated that the introduction of PSF significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of concrete, and the maximum compressive strength and splitting tensile strength increased by 7.3% and 43.6%, respectively. The ultrasonic pulse velocity and density of concrete containing PSF decreased compared with the control group. The images of SEM show that PSF binds tightly to the cement matrix and hinders the propagation of micro-cracks. The introduction of PS into the concrete material leads to the improvement of the mechanical properties of concrete and the improvement of the overall quality of the concrete, which is of great significance for reducing the damage of medical waste to the environment. The originality of this work is that polypropylene fibers acquired from PS were put into concrete for the first time for performance testing.
... Recently research interest is driven towards the assessment of FRC developed with the potential recycled fibers (RFs) i.e., recycled tire steel fiber, recycled tire polymer fiber, and recycled carbon fiber [14][15][16][17]. Several research studies investigated the properties of FRC with RFs derived from different types of post-consumer plastic wastes i.e., plastic bottles [18], carpet fibers [19], plastic sacks [20], and waste rope fibers [21]. The potential of tension-strong natural fibers is also being assessed, considering their immense ecological and economic benefits [22,23]. ...
... Properties of RFs derived from synthetic and metallic wastes are somewhat superior compared to natural fibers. The utilization of solid wastes in the form of binder, aggregates, and fibers is being encouraged in concrete applications to efficiently deal with massive volumes of non-biodegradable wastes [21,28]. Ali et al. [29] showed that recycled tire steel fibers (RSF) were 54-75% efficient as compared to engineered steel fibers in advancing the tensile-strength of concrete. ...
A vast amount of nylon waste is being generated as paintbrushes, and how to reuse post-consumer nylon waste is a new crisis. The eco-friendly development of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is a major challenge in the construction industry considering the high cost of engineered fibers. Thus, owing to high tensile strength, recycled nylon fiber (RNF) derived from nylon waste can be used in FRC as an eco-friendly and cheaper alternative to engineered fibers. This study assessed the influence of RNF on the properties of medium-strength concrete. Therefore, concrete mixes were prepared and studied with various volume fractions of RNF i.e., 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 0.85% and 1%. Physical (density, and ultrasonic pulse velocity-UPV), mechanical (compressive strength-CS, splitting-tensile strength-SPS, and flexural-tensile strength-FS), and permeability (water absorption-WA and chloride penetration depth-CPD) properties of all mixes were examined and compared. The experimental findings proved that higher volume fractions of RNF showed a 'reducing effect' on CS. For best SPS and FS, results recommended doses of RNF are 0.25%, and 0.75%, respectively. At optimum RNF doses, net improvements of 24.2% and 14.1% were noticed in FS and SPS, correspondingly w.r.t control mixture. RNF enhanced the crack-resistance of plain concrete by delaying the failure under tensile and flexural load. The incorporation of a 0.05-0.5% volume fraction of RNF was beneficial to minimize the WA and CPD. Minimum permeability is achieved at the incorporation of 0.1-0.15% of RNF, for instance, at 0.15% RNF, WA and CPD of concrete were reduced by 11.5% and 29.2%, respectively w.r.t control mix.
