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This study addresses the technical feasibility of using a new method of determining the bulk density distribution in ceramic tiles of all possible sizes. This new technique is based on the measurement of pressure distribution inside the press die cavity, using paper that is sensitive to the applied pressure, in addition to the composition compactio...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... order to validate the measurement method, cylindrical pieces, 40 mm in diameter, were pressed at different pressures using the methodology described in the previous paragraph, with a spray-dried porcelain tile powder conditioned at three different moisture levels (0.04, 0.05, and 0.065 kg water/kg dry solid). The bulk densities obtained by the displacement of the pieces in mercury were measured, and then estimated from the intensity measurements of the papers used during compaction of the pieces, from equation 4. Both values are plotted in figure 3, the plot corroborating the validity of the method proposed for estimating bulk density. Indeed, all the values are situated on the diagonal, the differences between them in every case never greater than ± 5 kg/m 3 (the amplitude of the error bars represented in figure 3). ...
Context 2
... bulk densities obtained by the displacement of the pieces in mercury were measured, and then estimated from the intensity measurements of the papers used during compaction of the pieces, from equation 4. Both values are plotted in figure 3, the plot corroborating the validity of the method proposed for estimating bulk density. Indeed, all the values are situated on the diagonal, the differences between them in every case never greater than ± 5 kg/m 3 (the amplitude of the error bars represented in figure 3). ...
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Citations
... This relationship, combined with the unique features of OCT, enables high-speed, contactless mapping of the green density of ceramic bodies with micrometer-scale resolution. Compared to other proposed non-destructive methods such as pressure-sensitive paper [14], ultrasound [15], and laser ultrasonics [16], this OCT method has the advantage of allowing safe, on-demand, contactless measurement using widely commercially available equipment, without highly complicated calibration. ...
We propose a contactless method for mapping the density distribution of green ceramics using optical coherence tomography (OCT). A correlation was found between the OCT signal and density of green alumina tablets. Using this relationship, proof-of-concept mapping of model samples produced reasonable results, suggesting that high-speed, contactless mapping of the ceramic green density with micrometer-scale resolution is possible, owing to the unique features of OCT. This technique may contribute to more efficient and eco-friendly ceramics production.
In this paper a Laser Ultrasonics (LUT) system is developed and applied to measure bulk density distribution of green ceramic tiles, which are porous materials with low heat conductivity. Bulk density of green ceramic bodies is a fundamental parameter to be kept under control in the industrial production of ceramic tiles. The LUT system proposed is based on a Nd:YAG pulsed laser for excitation and an air-coupled electro-capacitive transducer for detection. The paper reports experimental apparent bulk-density measurements on white ceramic bodies after a calibration procedures. The performances observed are better than those previously achieved by authors using air-coupled ultrasonic probes for both emission and detection, allowing to reduce average uncertainty down to about ±6 kg/m³ (±0.3%), thanks to the increase in excitation efficiency and lateral resolution, while maintaining potential flexibility for on-line application. The laser ultrasonic procedure proposed is available for both on-line and off-line application. In this last case it is possible to obtain bulk density maps with high spatial resolution by a 2D scan without interrupting the production process.
