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Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME) Central Building.
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During the summer, the environmental impact of building operations can be reduced by optimizing ventilation and preventing heat from entering the building. Shades are used to create a comfortable temperature state in interiors without operating mechanical equipment or using low-power systems. The most significant factor in reducing energy consumpti...
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Context 1
... of the traditional box-type windows of the Central Building (Figure 2) located on the campus of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME) was selected for experimental design. The predecessor of the university, the Institutum Geometrico-Hydronchnicum, was founded by Emperor Joseph Habsburg in 1782 but took its final position between 1904 and 1909 on the campus [28]. ...
Context 2
... of the traditional box-type windows of the Central Building (Figure 2) located on the campus of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME) was selected for experimental design. The predecessor of the university, the Institutum Geometrico-Hydronchnicum, was founded by Emperor Joseph Habsburg in 1782 but took its final position between 1904 and 1909 on the campus [28]. ...
Citations
... A study by V. Horn found that the increased level of thermal capacity of building masses has a direct connection with indoor temperatures. Buildings can store heat during the day and release this heat slowly overnight [31]. A study by N. Gaitan found that a management and control system for electrical and energy heating consumption, based on a building management system (BMS), reduced the consumption of energy for heating by 13% and of electricity by 32% [32]. ...
This paper is dedicated to research of the impact of the limited heat source capacity on indoor temperature and energy consumption in serial nZEB residential buildings. This is an innovative aspect as it explores the potential design simplification for different locations, allowing for cost optimization and quicker construction timelines. The objective of this paper is to examine the impact of limited heat source capacity by utilizing thermal mass and optimizing the ventilation operation. Numerical results demonstrate that incorporating thermal mass increases heating energy consumption by up to 1%. The study addresses the impact of limited heating capacity on indoor temperatures and the need to manage ventilation’s impact during peak temperatures using simulation software IDA ICE. The study reveals that a limited heating capacity reduces energy consumption up to 2.6%, but may result in lower indoor temperatures. By optimizing ventilation strategies, energy consumption can be reduced from 2.4% to 4.4% compared to the suboptimal solution, and from 2.8% to 6.5% compared to the initial case. Parametric analysis reveals optimal ventilation operation change-over point at an outdoor temperature of −17 °C during winter. The research provides practical recommendations for adjusting heating schedules, selecting appropriate heating capacities and implementing optimal ventilation strategies.
... According to its type of construction. The envelope of a building is one of the most important factors (Horn et al., 2020). As represented in Figure 7, NZEB mainly involves three types of energy efficiency measures: passive design, service system, and electricity generation from RES. Good passive building design, which can include optimized orientation, a high-performance thermal insulation envelope, good airtightness, and well-designed window shading, generally decreases the thermal and electrical load of buildings. ...
... For detecting motion and indoor presence, passive infrared sensor (PIR) arrays can be placed in rooms or doorways [23], or magnetic reed switches can be used to act as door sensors [24]. Window opening is usually measured using magnetic switches [25][26][27]. Since shading plays a significant role in creating an adequate state of comfort in the interior in both winter and summer [25], monitoring of the window shading devices (e.g., blinds, shutters) can also be essential, and magnetic sensors could be a suitable solution [26]. ...
... Window opening is usually measured using magnetic switches [25][26][27]. Since shading plays a significant role in creating an adequate state of comfort in the interior in both winter and summer [25], monitoring of the window shading devices (e.g., blinds, shutters) can also be essential, and magnetic sensors could be a suitable solution [26]. ...
... The colour of the cells shows the extent to which this limit was exceeded. It suggests that there were three significant warming periods during the study period: one at the beginning of the measurement (23)(24)(25)(26), one at the beginning of August (5-7 August), and one in the middle of August (16)(17)(18)(19). According to data from the Hungarian Meteorological Service (OMSZ), during this period, there were eight heatwave days during this period when the mean outdoor temperature exceeded 25 • C. Their distribution over time is similar to that observed for internal temperatures. ...
With the climate change we are experiencing today, the number and intensity of heatwaves are increasing dramatically, significantly impacting our buildings’ overheating. The majority of the prefabricated concrete panel buildings in Hungary are considered outdated from an energy point of view. These buildings may be at greater risk from extreme weather events. To examine this, long-term monitoring measurements are needed. Therefore, we developed a unique, reliable, and cost-effective wireless monitoring system, which can track in real time the indoor air quality data (temperature, relative humidity, CO2) of the investigated apartment building, as well as users’ habits, such as resident presence, window opening, and blind movement. The data were used to analyse and quantify the summer overheating of the dwelling and user habits. The measurements showed that the average temperature in all rooms was above 26 °C, and there were several occasions when the temperature exceeded 30 °C. Overheating in apartment buildings in summer is a significant problem that needs to be addressed. Further investigation of ventilation habits will help develop favourable ventilation strategies, and using these measurements in dynamic simulations will also help improve the models’ validity for further studies.
Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a phenomenon where higher temperatures are observed in the city centers as compared to its surrounding areas. The UHI effect has emerged as a potential hazard for rapidly urbanizing countries like India. It adversely affects energy usage, public health, economy and also contributes to climate change. This review paper presents global literature on research on the UHI phenomena, causal factors and its impact on various sectors. Rapid urbanization, economic development and climate change are key factors responsible for UHI. UHI intensity varies with climate,
population density, anthropogenic heat and the green canopy, land use, and urban morphology. It calls for city-specific comprehensive studies to develop appropriate mitigation strategies. City Heat Action Plans should include measures to mitigate UHI impacts at the ward level. For this, the country needs to develop high-resolution UHI monitoring and
forecasting capabilities. Mitigation and adaptation of UHI involves urban planning, green building codes, energy consumption, air pollution and would require a national plan for harmonizing UHI-related measures taken by central ministries, state governments and municipal corporations. The paper has been published in the journal VayuMandal, issue 47 (2), 2021. (http://imetsociety.org/vayumandal/?id=2021472&num=13)
The growing demand for energy in the building sector drives the need for change from fossil fuels to environment-friendly power sources which can also mitigate the effect of global warming and climate change. One of the initiatives to knock down the peak load and energy demand in buildings is stepping toward energy-efficient buildings for a sustainable future. This paper aims to review the fundamental
aspects for approaching net zero energy consumption buildings (nZECB) keeping into consideration the effect of building physics and challenges faced in the pathway and its feasibility. Also, it addresses various policies and plans that can dramatically change the future of developing nations like India toward a zero emissions energy system. Considering all the facts, this study suggests inflating our focus beyond direct energy use and opt for hybridized clean energy sources and enhance the constructional parameters for a better, greener, and cleaner future.
