Figure 2 - uploaded by Misagh Ketabdari
Content may be subject to copyright.
Braking distance computation fundamental concept In the equation 1 initial braking speed (Vb) is calculated as presented in proposed algorithm figure 1. A constant speed reduction (k) is applied in the calculation. This speed reduction is related to the slight speed reduction which occurs between the time the landing aircraft touchdowns and the initiation of braking. In this study k is assumed to be 3 m/s. í µí±í µí± = í µí±(í µí±¡í µí±í µí±¢í µí±ℎí µí±í µí±í µí±¤í µí±) − í µí±(í µí± í µí±í µí±í µí±í µí± í µí±í µí±í µí±í µí±¢í µí±í µí±¡í µí±í µí±í µí±)
Source publication
Runway excursions have formed the biggest share of runway-related accidents compare to all possible types of airport recorded events worldwide. Out of different possible event scenarios of excursions, runway overrun, which may occur in both landing and takeoff phases of flight, is the most frequent one. Therefore many studies have been conducted fo...
Context in source publication
Similar publications
![Table 1 . Basic parameters of TWD-10 B/PZL-10S engine [10].](publication/328236519/figure/tbl1/AS:680903399440387@1539351429633/Basic-parameters-of-TWD-10-B-PZL-10S-engine-10_Q320.jpg)
The specificity of measurements of the concentration of harmful exhaust components of turbine engines used for propulsion of aircraft is connected with tests carried out in stationary conditions during engine tests. The conditions of engine load during the test and the concentration of harmful exhaust compounds determined during the measurements ma...
O Brasil é o segundo país com maior número de aeródromos do mundo, atrás apenas dos Estados Unidos. Isso se deve principalmente ao grande número de aeroportos de pequeno porte existentes no país. Devido à dificuldade em se adequar às exigências impostas, esse trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os requisitos exigidos para a faixa de pista em aeropor...
Proper planning around airports safeguards the surrounding territory from risks of air accidents. Many countries have defined Public Safety Zones (PSZs) beyond the runway thresholds as a result of targeted risk assessment methods. Therefore, national aviation Authorities could limit building construction and industrial development in order to conta...
Hub terminals are important entities in today's distribution networks. They exist for all means of transportation, e.g., cross docks for trucks, hub airports for aircraft, transshipment yards for freight trains, and container ports for vessels. This paper abstracts from the peculiarities of each application and presents a generic problem setting, w...
Citations
... As a result of this study, meteorological conditions and runway geometry were selected as the two most impactful variables on the surface conditions of a pavement, respectively, with a consequent increase in the probability of the occurrence of excursion accidents, especially at high aircraft speeds. In 2019, the authors created a risk model based on the outputs of previously performed sensitivity analyses [11] and the aircraft braking distance model proposed by Pasindu et al. [9]. This risk model improved the previous restrictions related to the applicable ranges of WFTs and wheel loads, and it estimates aircraft braking distance during landing on a wet runway, but only for a flat runway surface. ...
... It should be noted that identical models that can evaluate the braking distance of aircraft during landing on a wet and rutted pavement do not exist in the literature, which emphasizes the innovative nature of this study. However, it is possible to find similar models that compute the braking distance of landing aircraft on wet pavements with limited ranges of WFTs [9,11,12]. Therefore, to validate the precision of the model's results, two different approaches are adopted: ...
A runway pavement during its useful life is subject to a series of deteriorations because of repeated load cycles and environmental conditions. One of the most common deteriorations is the formation of rutting (surface depression in the wheel path) on the runway surface. Rutting negatively affects aircraft performance during landings and will behave even worse during precipitation or with the existence of fluid contaminations on the surface. This paper aims to develop a model for calculating aircraft braking distance during landing on wet-pavement runways affected by rutting based on dynamic skid resistances generated by tire–fluid–pavement interactions. Intense precipitation, variable rutting depths for a 100 m length step, water film depths (e.g., 1 to 26 mm), and aircraft wheel loads (e.g., 10 to 140 kN) are considered as the boundary conditions of the developed model. The output is a model that can estimate aircraft braking distance as a function of rutting depth and can perform further assessment of the probability of the occurrence of landing overrun. After validating the model with existing methodologies and calibrating it according to the actual landing distance required for each type of aircraft, an Italian airport is simulated using a model with real data regarding the level of service of its pavement surface characteristics.
... Aircraft behavior within the EMAS area can be simulated respect to the aircraft braking distance. In other words, in case of landing overrun, the distance from the runway end threshold at which the aircraft decelerates to a full stop within the EMAS installation (Ketabdari et al., 2019). To compute arresting distance, it is necessary to the correct EMAS entry velocity should be selected based on system design requirements laid down by the FAA. ...
... Risk assessment is a measurement of the frequency of occurrence of a hazardous event and evaluating the severity of possible consequences (Ketabdari et al., 2019). In other words, it is a process that consists of hazard identification, vulnerability assessment and system exposure evaluation. ...
... In 2019, a fi nite element model was developed in order to compute aircraft braking distance for a runway with zero transverse and longitudinal slopes by the authors (Ketabdari et al., 2019). Th is MATLAB-based model is simulating the footprint of aircraft main gear and its interaction with the pavement for diff erent water-fi lm thicknesses existing on the runway. ...
... A wide variety of parameters involve in calculation of aircraft s braking distances and the consequent stoppage locations (e.g. phase of fl ight, aerodynamic drag and uplift forces, headwind/tailwind, aircraft braking potential, reverse thrust, dry/wet runway, touchdown speed, etc.) (Ketabdari et al., 2019). In 2004, a numerical simulation has been proposed based on fi nite-element analysis to compute friction between tire and pavement without considering tire-fl uid interaction (Li et al., 2004;Eshel, 1967). ...
Aircraft braking distance is dependent on the friction between the main gear tires and runway pavement surface.Pavement texture, which is divided into macrotexture and micro-texture, has a noticeable effect upon friction, especially when the surface is wet. A risk analysis framework is developed to study the effects of longitudinal and transverse slopes on the aircraft braking distance in wet runway conditions and their influences on the probability of landing overrun accidents.This framework is operating under various water-film thicknesses, Maximum Landing Weights (MLW), and touchdown speed probability distributions for an acceptable range of longitudinal/transverse slopes and pavement texture depths.A simulator code is developed that initially computes the existing water-film thickness, as the result of intense precipitation,under aircraft main gear (depend on aircraft category) and then applies this variable as one of the main inputs to the aircraft braking distance computation. According to the obtained results, longitudinal gradient does not have a significant effect on the existing water depth on the surface although it affects the flow path length. Furthermore, 1% to 1.5% transverse slope causes rapid drainage of water from the runway surface and considerably decreases the probability of runway excursion accidents.
