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Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. – copper engraving in colour by G. Smith based on a watercolour by S. Parkinson, published as Banks’ Florilegium: t. 355. 1984 (Banks 1980–87). – Berlin, Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Library.
Source publication
The bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spectabilis) was first collected by Philibert Commerson on the Bougainville expedition in Brazil, subsequently by members of the party accompanying Joseph Banks on Cook's first voyage around the globe and later by Frei Velloso. A copper engraving published by Lamarck formed the basis for Willdenow's publication of t...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... last librarian, later to the British Museum lon- don, and from there to the Natural History Museum lon- don, where all three items are kept today in the library (Diment & al. 1987). as a consequence, Parkinson's il- lustration also remained unpublished, until 1984, when it appeared as a large format line engraving in colour, form- ing t. 355 ( Fig. 1) of the sumptuous Banks' Florilegium ( Banks 1980-87;Diment & al. 1987). In short, about two centuries passed after the copper plate had been prepared. Soon afterwards an illustration of t. 355 also appeared in press (Diment & al. 1987: t. B ...
Citations
... Perigonio y estambres desiguales. Fruto antocarpo (Charcape et al., 2010;Lack, 2012). ...
La investigación del enfoque espectral de las 86 especies vegetales del bosque seco en la región Piura, enriquece y contribuye significativamente el conocimiento que se tiene sobre el comportamiento de dichas especies vegetales de los ecosistemas de bosque seco en el norte del Perú, relacionado con el impacto del calentamiento global y eventos extremos en esta línea de investigación, contribuyendo en cierta medida con la información que se cuenta
actualmente. De manera especial, es importante resaltar la existencia de investigaciones preliminares en el tema, realizadas por importantes instituciones y organismos públicos y privados, entre las cuales se puede mencionar al Ministerio del Ambiente de Perú (MINAM), Servicio Nacional de Áreas Protegidas por el Estado (SERNANP), Servicio Nacional Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre (SERFOR), Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú (SENAMHI), Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI), entre otros; así como, los diferentes trabajos de investigación realizados en la academia, entre ellas la Universidad Nacional de Piura, Universidad Nacional de Lambayeque entre otras, los cuales han motivado al equipo de investigadores de la Universidad Nacional de Frontera (UNF) a asumir el reto y compromiso de convertirse en actores principales de investigaciones concernientes con la problemática del bosque seco especialmente en la región.
Finalmente, el presente trabajo sin lugar a duda contribuirá con información
fundamental para determinar la línea base en este tipo de problemática que afecta a los bosques secos en el norte del Perú; y, a partir de ahí, ampliar la perspectiva académica e investigativa para explicar la dinámica en el comportamiento de la cobertura espacial de las diferentes especies vegetales de los ecosistemas de bosque seco; de manera que ello, brinde herramientas necesarias y coadyuve en la toma de decisiones por parte de las autoridades involucradas en la propuesta de acciones de preservación, conservación y protección de dichos ecosistemas de bosque seco en la región Piura.
https://archivos.unf.edu.pe/uploads/Revista_Cientifica/Libro_BOSQUE_SECO.pdf
... In Trsteno, a specimen of A. araucana was recorded in 1889 (Kovačević 2012). Bougainvillea spectabilis was for the first time cultivated in Europe in 1829 (Wawra and Abel 1886), although it was discovered in late 18 th century in South America (Lack 2012, Roy et al. 2016). This attractive climber was cultivated in mid-19 th century in greenhouses of imperial palaces and botanical gardens, and in late 19 th century in outdoor gardens (Sauvaigo 1894). ...
This research, conducted within the ornamental gardens of the Island of Lokrum and based on the original archival documents from Trieste State Archives (AST) and Austrian State Archives (OeStA) in Vienna, was aimed at creating the first unique list of horticultural plant taxon planted on the island during the reign of the Archduke Ferdinand
Maximilian Habsburg (1859-69). The research identified 213 taxa, including 184 species, 4 varieties, 8 hybrids and
17 cultivars. There were 193 allochthonous taxa, mostly originating from Central and South America (66), including 47 Asian species, 21 Australian species, 17 African species and 13 South American species. The Archive lists 20 taxa autochthonous in Croatia. While the number of the autochthonous taxa had apparently been higher, the historical
documents have mostly recorded only the introduction of exotics. At that time, the following taxa were for the first time introduced in this part of the Adriatic, on the Island of Lokrum: Ananas comosus, Musa x paradisiaca, M. acuminata,
Eucalyptus diversifolia, E. globulus, Araucaria araucana, A. columnaris, A. angustifolia, A. bidwillii, A. cunninghamii, Bougainvillea spectabilis and Citrus reticulata. At the location of the ornamental gardens, 51 ornamental allochthonous taxa and 20 autochthonous taxa were identified today. Within this number, only 21 allochthonous taxa and 9 autochthonous taxa remain present since the period of Maximilian. According to the 2018-2019 inventory, 71 taxa have been inventoried within the ornamental gardens on Lokrum, belonging to 43 families and 64 genera. Due to lack of intensive maintenance of the gardens, the majority of allochthonous, exotic species failed to survive within the autochthonous island vegetation. The list of taxa from Maximilian’s gardens presented in this paper and retrieved from the archival sources, will be the starting point of the restoration process that awaits these gardens.
... Baret formó parte de la expedición de circunnavegación de Louis Antoine de Bougainville acompañando al botánico Philibert Commerson, convirtiéndose en la primera mujer en dar la vuelta al mundo. Entre las plantas colectadas por ella y Commerson en Río de Janeiro se encuentra el primer ejemplar de Bougainvillea ("santa rita"), que serviría posteriormente para fundar el género (Lack, 2012). Se observa con todo detalle la Ensenada de Barragán. ...
The association called marginal forest of Punta Lara is located in the municipality of Ensenada, at 34° 47' 31'' South and 57° 59' 51'' West. It includes tree species such as Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Allophylus edulis, Ocotea acutifolia, Pouteria salicifolia and Lonchocarpus nitidus, accompanied by numerous vines, epiphytes, herbs and shrubs typical of the forests of southern Brazil and northeastern Argentina. At the end of the first half of the 20th century, the contributions of Cabrera & Dawson in 1944 and Cabrera in 1949 established a theoretical framework that the scientific community followed to recognize the "primitive" status of this coastal area of the Río de la Plata. From then on, the notion of the marginal forest of Punta Lara as a “relict” took strong roots in the scientific, technical and popular literature. The goal of this work is to challenge this theoretical framework, which constitutes at present the basis for some of the main conservationist practices in Buenos Aires province. Five sources of information were used for this purpose: 1) cartography from the 18th and X19th centuries, 2) reports of travelers from that period, obtained from various bibliographical sources, 3) databases of vascular plants herborized before the 20th century, 4) the xylophilous fungi collected in the late 19th century from the coast of La Plata and 5) the recent paleoclimatic record. As a result, a new hypothesis is proposed: the marginal forest of Punta Lara is not a relict but a recent installation, established in the mid-nineteenth century when the climate of the Río de la Plata region presented increases in rainfall and minimum temperature, a trend that continues to the present.
... Baret formó parte de la expedición de circunnavegación de Louis Antoine de Bougainville acompañando al botánico Philibert Commerson, convirtiéndose en la primera mujer en dar la vuelta al mundo. Entre las plantas colectadas por ella y Commerson en Río de Janeiro se encuentra el primer ejemplar de Bougainvillea ("santa rita"), que serviría posteriormente para fundar el género (Lack, 2012). Se observa con todo detalle la Ensenada de Barragán. ...
The Punta Lara Gallery Forest, ¿relict or recent colonization? The association
called marginal forest of Punta Lara is located southeast from La Plata city, in the municipality of Ensenada, at 34° 47' 31'' South and 57° 59' 51'' West. It includes tree species such as Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Allophylus edulis, Ocotea acutifolia, Pouteria salicifolia and Lonchocarpus nitidus, accompanied by numerous vines, epiphytes, herbs and shrubs typical of the forests of southern Brazil and northeastern Argentina. At the end of the first half of the 20th century, the contributions of Cabrera & Dawson in 1944 and Cabrera in 1949 established a theoretical framework that the scientific community followed to recognize the "primitive" status of this coastal area of the Río de la Plata.
From then on, the notion of the marginal forest of Punta Lara as a “relict” took strong roots in the scientific, technical and popular literature. The goal of this work is to challenge this theoretical framework, which constitutes at present the basis for some of the main conservationist practices in Buenos Aires province. Five sources of information were used for this purpose: 1) cartography from the 18th and X19th centuries, 2) reports of travelers from that period, obtained from various bibliographical sources, 3) databases of vascular plants herborized before the 20th century, 4) the xylophilous fungi collected in the late 19th century from the coast of La Plata and 5) the recent paleoclimatic record. As a result, a new hypothesis is proposed: the marginal forest of Punta Lara is not a relict but a recent installation, established in the mid-nineteenth century when the climate of the
Río de la Plata region presented increases in rainfall and minimum temperature, a trend that continues to the present.
... In Mediterranean arid and semiarid areas, as well as in marginal soils, brackish water could be used in landscaping projects, using ornamental species showing relative degree of salt tolerance (Acosta- Motos et al., 2015). Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd., also known as great bougainvillea or 'paper flower' for its thin and papery bracts, is an important ornamental flowering species of high aesthetic value, native of Brazil and present nowadays all over the world in areas with tropical or warm climates (Lack, 2012;Ghogar and Jiraungkoorskul, 2017). In a previous study including several landscape species, Cassaniti et al., (2009) classified Bougainvillea glabra Choisy in DC. as moderately salt tolerant based on the reduction of shoot dry weight under long-term salinity stress (Cassaniti et al., 2009). ...
Bougainvillea is widely used as potential ornamental shrub in revegetation and landscaping projects as well as in urban landscape design in Mediterranean areas characterized by saline and sodic soils. The current research aimed at elucidating the morphological, physiological and biochemical changes occurring in Bougainvillea
spectabilis ‘Alexandra’ grown under salt stress conditions (1 mM [S1, electrical conductivity EC = 2.0 dS m−1] non-salt control, 40 mM [S40, EC = 6.5 dS m−1] and 80 mM [S80, EC = 11.0 dS m−1] NaCl). The response of plants trained to two canopy shapes (globe [GSh] and pyramid [PSh]) has been compared in order to unravel possible adaptive mechanisms, combining morpho-functional traits at different levels, to cope with saline water. PSh plants under moderate saline water (40 mM NaCl) showed higher leaf dry weight, leaf number and area as well as higher number of flowers per plant than those observed in GSh Bougainvillea plants. Saline water-triggered leaf anatomical changes were also harmonized to physiological adjustments in both canopy shapes in such
a way to counteract the reduction in transpiration due to stomatal limitations by adopting traits improving CO2 diffusion in the mesophyll and investing more resources in the assimilatory tissue (e.g. increase in intercellular spaces and incidence of palisade parenchyma over the total mesophyll thickness). Bougainvillea plants enact many-sided strategies to acclimate to S80 salinity by harmonizing several mechanisms including sodium and chloride inclusion in leaves and their compartmentalization in vacuoles, retention of high levels of potassium in the cytosol to osmotically balance the cytoplasm and other organelles within the vacuole, modulation of leaf functional anatomical traits, in addition to a C2 Kranz mechanism of photosynthesis which allow plants to successfully cope with stress.
Hay organismos que son muy conocidos, forman parte de nuestra vida cotidiana, se integran a lo que consideramos nuestros territorios e imaginarios, pero cuando nos preguntamos sobre su historia, descubrimos que es un rompecabezas del que sabemos poco, son piezas aisladas. La bugambilia es uno de estos organismos. Es una planta que llama nuestra atención, adorna jardines públicos y privados, nos anuncia la entrada de la primavera su típica coloración magenta o rosa encendido, que es la más común, pero también las hay blancas, naranjas, entre muchas más. Además, la usamos para hacer infusiones diversas, bebidas con sabor y color.
Su historia ha sido contada de muchas maneras, de hecho sabemos que es originaria de Sudamérica, pero sobre todo queremos destacarla como una planta que paso de ser un conocimiento local, que se origina en el trópico sudamericano, a integrarse en los sistemas de saberes y conocimientos globales; en elementos transversales de las culturas en el planeta; que se ha adaptado a diversos climas y que ha sido adoptado de muchas maneras como uno de los pocos recursos bioculturales globales en el planeta.
With a growing economy, the living standard of people has improved which has led to increased use of urban motor vehicles globally. Consequently, the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has increased in the ambient air, becoming a major pollutant in urban areas. Plant leaves can absorb, adsorb and fix nitrogen oxides to some extent. Interestingly, NO2 has been recognized as a positive/negative regulator of plant growth. To comprehensively understand the effect of NO2-induced pollution on plants, Bougainvillea spectabilis seedlings were fumigated with different concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for a short period in the current study. Further, the induced morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes were measured in the treated as well as untreated seedlings. NO2 exposure caused yellow-brown spotting on the leaf blades in B. spectabilis, which could be the symptoms of oxidative damage. Our findings also reflected the changes in antioxidant enzyme activity and peroxidation of membrane lipids. In addition, the levels of osmotic regulatory substances were also found to be altered to different degrees. In addition, the activities of nitrogen metabolism-related enzymes varied, mainly affecting amino acid metabolism. Overall, the current study would provide a theoretical and scientific basis for selecting and allocating plants in NO2-contaminated areas to manage the pollutants level.
In the field of crop science, it is fundamental to identify, characterize, and classify cultivated plants. Doing so could unlock the value and potential of a particular crop species. Knowledge of these also allows us to assess and consider the various genotypic and environmental factors that are vital to its effective management. This field guide will introduce the first 99 commonly cultivated plants of the Philippines. As a guiding principle, we have prioritized to include crops that have a higher volume of production, and a wider area planted/harvested in the country. We have also stratified the selection process to reflect the various agricultural classifications. Although there are a lot of ways to characterize and classify plants, we have selected salient traits and classification systems that would provide a user-friendly means of identification, and, at the same time, give insights into the efficient cultivation/production, breeding, and conservation of the crop species.
Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss. is one of the renowned genera in the Nyctaginaceae, but despite its recognized horticultural value, the taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus is not well-studied. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on plastid genomes showed that B. pachyphylla and B. peruviana are basal taxa, while B. spinosa is sister to two distinct clades: the predominantly cultivated Bougainvillea clade (B. spectabilis, B. glabra, B. arborea, B. cultivar, B. praecox) and the clade containing wild species of Bougainvillea (B. berberidifolia, B. campanulata, B. infesta, B. modesta, B. luteoalba, B. stipitata, and B. stipitata var. grisebachiana). Early divergence of B. peruviana, B. pachyphylla and B. spinosa is highly supported, thus the previously proposed division of Bougainvillea into two subgenera (Bougainvillea and Tricycla) was not reflected in this study. Morphological analysis also revealed that leaf arrangement, size, and indumentum together with the perianth tube and anthocarp shape and indumentum are important characteristics in differentiating the species of Bougainvillea. In the present study, 11 species and one variety are recognized in Bougainvillea. Six names are newly reduced to synonymy, and lectotypes are designated for 27 names. In addition, a revised identification key and illustrations of the distinguishing parts are also provided in the paper.
