Bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (A) and total femur (B) during the experiment with ovariectomized rats. Study groups consist of sham operated rats with standard diet (I), ovariectomized rats with standard diet (II), ovariectomized rats with diet containing 0.3% α-lipoic acid (α-LA) (IV), and ovariectomized rats with diet containing 0.5% α-LA (V). The OVX pair-fed control (III) was ovariectomized rats given the same amount of standard diet as that consumed by 0.5% α-LA group. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 vs. sham OP control.  

Bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine (A) and total femur (B) during the experiment with ovariectomized rats. Study groups consist of sham operated rats with standard diet (I), ovariectomized rats with standard diet (II), ovariectomized rats with diet containing 0.3% α-lipoic acid (α-LA) (IV), and ovariectomized rats with diet containing 0.5% α-LA (V). The OVX pair-fed control (III) was ovariectomized rats given the same amount of standard diet as that consumed by 0.5% α-LA group. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 vs. sham OP control.  

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Growing evidence has shown a biochemical link between increased oxidative stress and reduced bone density. In our previous study, α-lipoic acid (α-LA), a thiol antioxidant, suppressed both osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, and also prevented TNF-α-induced apoptosis of osteoblast lineages. The effects of α-LA were investigated on bone metaboli...