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The incidence of osteoporosis and its related fractures are expected to increase significantly in the rapidly aging Korean population. Reliable data on the prevalence of this disease is essential for treatment planning. However, sparse data on Korean patients is available.
We analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Su...
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Context 1
... each of the three sites used in the diagnosis of osteoporo- sis (lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck), the mean BMD was analyzed according to gender and age (Table 3). The mean BMD of the total subjects (10 to 89 years) and that of the sub- jects aged 50 years or higher (50 to 89 years) were higher in the men than in the women for all the three sites. ...
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Background
Low bone mineral density is considered an extra-intestinal manifestation of celiac disease with reduced bone mass, increased bone fragility, and risk of fractures. Celiac disease is considered a condition at high risk for secondary osteoporosis and the evaluation of bone density is very important in the clinical management of these patie...
Citations
... Onset of osteopenia/osteoporosis, liver disease and cholecystitis tended to be observed at younger-thanexpected ages than in the general population. [23][24][25] These findings indicate that the disease burden associated with PK deficiency starts early in life. In addition, jaundice is a common consequence of the long-term haemolytic process observed in PK deficiency. ...
Pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency, a rare, congenital haemolytic anaemia caused by mutations in the PKLR gene, is associated with many clinical manifestations, but the full disease burden has yet to be characterised. The Peak Registry (NCT03481738) is an observational, longitudinal registry of adult and paediatric patients with PK deficiency. Here, we described comorbidities and complications in these patients by age at most recent visit and PKLR genotype. As of 13 May 2022, 241 patients were included in the analysis. In total, 48.3% had undergone splenectomy and 50.5% had received chelation therapy. History of iron overload (before enrolment/during follow‐up) was common (52.5%), even in never‐transfused patients (20.7%). Neonatal complications and symptoms included jaundice, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, with treatment interventions required in 41.5%. Among adults, osteopenia/osteoporosis occurred in 19.0% and pulmonary hypertension in 6.7%, with median onset ages of 37, 33 and 22 years, respectively. Biliary events and bone health problems were common across PKLR genotypes. Among 11 patients who had thromboembolic events, eight had undergone prior splenectomy. Patients with PK deficiency may have many complications, which can occur early in and throughout life. Awareness of their high disease burden may help clinicians better provide appropriate monitoring and management of these patients.
... An epidemiological survey of osteopenia/osteoporosis shows that bone mineral density of the lumbar spine in 50s females is comparable to that in 80s males as a consequence of the steep decline of the lumbar bone mineral density in age 50s occurred only in females (Lee et al., 2013). Thus, the apparently gender- (Ujiie, 2006;Suzuki, 2017). ...
The Okhotsk culture was the culture of marine-adapted for-agers who inhabited the northern and eastern Hokkaido, Sakha-lin, and Kuril Islands during the late first millennium AD. We examined prevalence of the compression fracture in the lower thoracic and lumbar vertebral levels (Th11-L5, and anomalous L6) of the 21 Okhotsk human skeletons from the Moyoro shell mound site, eastern Hokkaido. Compression fracture was found in 11.4% (13/114) of the vertebrae by macroscopic qualitative and quantitative approaches, in which computed tomography was partly utilized. While it was not found in the ten young individuals , about a half of the mature individual skeletons (6/11 or 54.5%) had at least one fractured vertebra. A recent study indicates the possibility that exposure to warm temperature reduces the risk of osteoporosis. Thus, the high prevalence of vertebral compression fractures in the Okhotsk people might be partly attributable to their living in cold environment as well as mechanical stress repetitively caused by maritime activities.
... Osteoporosis varies among population to population according to their age [16]. In our study, osteoporosis is higher among middle aged and elderly population compared to young adult. ...
Background
Osteoporosis is the most common skeletal disorder that weakens bones and increases their susceptibility to fractures. It is becoming an urgent and serious global epidemic. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with it. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of osteoporosis among patients attending at Manakamana Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was adopted and 623 patients attending at orthopaedic outpatients department (OPD) of Manakamana Hospital were selected using non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Data were collected from 15 th October 2021 to 15 th April, 2022, by using interview schedule, chart review and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) measurement through calcaneal ultrasonography. Ethical approval was obtained from Nepal Health Research Council Ethical Review Board prior to study procedures. Obtained data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Association between the variables were measured using chi-square test.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 43.5 (±14.26) years. Nearly half (44%, n = 274) were middle aged adults, 59.7% were female and 56.0% were involved in agriculture and household chores. Nearly half of the patients (45.7%) were overweight/ obese, 7.9% were smokers and 13.5% had habit of alcohol use. Osteopenia or low bone density was detected in 58.9% patients and 19.4% had osteoporosis. The prevalence of osteoporosis was significantly associated with age group (p = <0.001) and educational status (p = 0.013) of the patients.
Conclusions and recommendations
Osteoporosis and osteopenia are prevalent in patients attending in the hospital. Hence, awareness, early screening, and treatment are necessary for the hospital attended patients to enhance their health and, minimize the risk of osteoporosis and the consequences associated with it.
... We created separate models for each organ system. Based on previous literature and to avoid overfitting given the low number of LCH survivors, we decided a priori to adjust each model for two potential confounding factors: age at study and sex [35][36][37]. We performed all analyses using Stata, version 16.1 (College Station, TX, USA). ...
Purpose
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease characterized by dysregulated proliferation of myeloid marrow progenitors and subsequent organ infiltration. While LCH is associated with a favorable prognosis, some survivors may develop chronic health conditions (CHC) because of the disease. In this study, we aimed to assess the spectrum and prevalence of CHC among LCH survivors compared with siblings and identify factors associated with the development of CHC.
Methods
The Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study sent questionnaires to all ≥ 5-year LCH survivors registered in the Swiss Childhood Cancer Registry and diagnosed between 1976 and 2015. Siblings also received similar questionnaires. We compared CHC prevalence between LCH survivors and siblings and used logistic regression to identify determinants of CHC.
Results
A total of 123 LCH survivors participated in the study, with a response rate of 69%. Median time since diagnosis was 13 years (interquartile range 9–20). Among LCH survivors, 59% had at least one CHC. Cardiovascular (13% vs. 6%), endocrine (15% vs. 2%), musculoskeletal (22% vs. 13%), and digestive (15% vs. 8%) CHC were more common among LCH survivors compared to siblings (all p < 0.05). Factors most strongly associated with the occurrence of CHC were multisystem LCH, multifocal bone involvement, and involvement of the pituitary gland.
Conclusions
More than half of long-term LCH survivors suffered from one or more CHC and were affected considerably more than siblings.
Implications for Cancer Survivors
LCH survivors in follow-up care should be screened especially for cardiovascular, endocrine, musculoskeletal, and digestive conditions.
... Increase the level of TRX2; Increase the expression of SOD1 and SOD2; Increase the level of SIRT1 and SIRT3. [36,[48][49][50] Resveratrol (9) Peanuts, grapes, dark chocolate Kaempferol (3) Spinach, kale ...
... Inhibition of tau phosphorylation Quercetin (8) Onions, apples, red wine Inhibition of GSK-3β and (CaMK2); Increases PP2A activity; Increase the expression of NDP52 and p62 [57] Resveratrol (9) Blue berries, pistachio inhibition, autophagy, and Aβ clearance. 56 Rutin also prevents Aβ toxicity and tannic acid does the same by preventing the cleavage of APP. ...
... Resveratrol (9) Blueberries, pistachio ...
Aging, a fundamental physiological process influenced by innumerable biological and genetic pathways, is an important driving factor for several aging-associated disorders like diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. In the modern era, the several mechanisms associated with aging have been deeply studied. Treatment and therapeutics for age-related diseases have also made considerable advances; however, for the effective and long-lasting treatment, nutritional therapy particularly including dietary polyphenols from the natural origin are endorsed. These dietary polyphenols (e.g., apigenin, baicalin, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, kaempferol, quercetin, resveratrol, and theaflavin), and many other phytochemicals target certain molecular, genetic mechanisms. The most common pathways of age-associated diseases are mitogen-activated protein kinase, reactive oxygen species production, nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells signaling pathways, metal chelation, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and inflammation. Polyphenols slow down the course of aging and help in combatting age-linked disorders. This exemplified in the form of clinical trials on specific dietary polyphenols in various aging-associated diseases. With this context in mind, this review reveals the new insights to slow down the aging process, and consequently reduce some classic diseases associated with age such as aforementioned, and targeting age-associated diseases by the activities of dietary polyphenols of natural origin.
... We created separate models for each organ system. Based on previous literature, we decided a priori to adjust each model for two potential confounding factors: age at study and sex [36][37][38]. We performed all analyses using Stata, version 16.1 (College Station, TX, USA). ...
Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterized by dysregulated proliferation of LCH cells and subsequent organ infiltration. Clinical manifestations vary and range from a single system unifocal bone disease to multisystem LCH with risk organ involvement. The prognosis is in majority of cases favourable, but some LCH survivors experience chronic health conditions resulting from this disease. Since a comprehensive, population-based description of chronic health conditions among LCH survivors is lacking, we evaluated the spectrum and prevalence of chronic health conditions among LCH survivors compared with siblings of childhood cancer survivors and identified factors associated with chronic health conditions.
Results: In total, 123 LCH survivors participated (response rate 69%). Median time since diagnosis was 13 years (interquartile range 9–20) and median age at study was 20 years (interquartile range 15-26). LCH survivors were more often male (63%). We also included 866 siblings of childhood cancer survivors as a healthy comparison group.
Fifty-nine percent of LCH survivors had at least one chronic health condition while only 48% of siblings had one or more chronic health conditions (p=0.02). Cardiovascular (13% vs. 6%), endocrine (15% vs. 1%), musculoskeletal (22% vs. 12%), and digestive (15% vs. 8%) chronic health conditions were more common among LCH survivors than siblings. Among survivors of single system unifocal bone LCH, only musculoskeletal (23% vs. 12%) CHC were more prevalent compared with siblings. Among survivors of all other LCH forms, neurological (40% vs. 23%), endocrine (24% vs. 1%), musculoskeletal (21% vs. 12%), digestive (21% vs. 8%), and cardiovascular (18% vs. 6%) chronic health conditions were more prevalent compared with siblings (all p<0.05).
Factors most strongly associated with occurrence of chronic health conditions were multisystem LCH, multifocal bone involvement, and involvement of pituitary gland.
Conclusions: We showed more than half of long-term LCH survivors suffered from at least one chronic health condition and were affected considerably more than siblings. Clinicians in paediatric cancer survivorship programs should be vigilant regarding musculoskeletal, endocrine, digestive, and cardiovascular chronic health conditions in multisystem LCH, multifocal bone disease survivors, and those with pituitary gland involvement.
... Prevalensi osteoporosis pada pria lebih sedikit dibandingkan wanita diakibatkan oleh pria tumbuh dengan massa tulang yang lebih tinggi dan lebih banyak massa otot, yang mendorong integrasi tulang yang lebih baik (4) . Menurut penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Lee et al. (2013), Prevalensi osteoporosis pada pria berusia 50an adalah 4,0%, usia 60-an 7,2%, usia 70-an 15,1%, dan usia 80-an 26,7% dan prevalensi pada wanita masing-masing adalah 15,2%, 36,5%, 62,7%, dan 85,8% (3) . ...
Low bone mass and damage to the microarchitecture of bone tissue are two characteristics of osteoporosis, a systemic bone disease that can raise the risk of fractures. At every stage of life, increasing physical activity positively affects bone health, whereas reducing physical activity can cause bone loss. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of a physical exercise program for osteoporosis in the elderly. The technique is a literature review that involves looking for relevant publications using keywords. The inclusion criteria for this study were that the participants in the study were elderly subjects, that the results of the study measured or analyzed the physical exercise program in elderly subjects with osteoporosis, that the study used quasi experiment methods, randomized controlled trials, and cross sectional, that the year of publication of the study was in the time period of 2013–2022, and that the research was conducted in both Indonesian and English. The review's findings indicate that there are six papers that examine physical exercise programs for the elderly, including weight-bearing exercises, balance training, resistance training, and high-intensity resistance and impact training. These exercises can all be performed and have a favorable effect on the elderly. Even if there is no evidence to support the existence of dangers such fractures in physical training programs, it is nevertheless necessary to provide assistance in order to decrease risks.
... This study with the current FE model can be applied to the subject of age within 50 years because a past study on age-related changes in bone mineral density revealed that up to the age of 50, bone mineral density was stable, but after that, it began to decrease [44]. The men in their 50 s were observed to have a 4.0% prevalence of osteoporosis, 7.2% in their 60 s, 15.1% in their 70 s, and 26.7% in their 80 s. ...
... Women's figures were 15.2%, 36.5%, 62.7%, and 85.8% [44]. Fig. 7 Clinical observations of the patients implanted with LCDCP and interlock nail in different fixation stabilities. ...
Background
The rigidity in osteosynthesis causes primary healing, and it takes longer to heal. The flexibility provided to the fixation allows micromotion between fragments which accelerates secondary healing.Methods
In this study, the healing outcomes of nailing and plating in different fixation stabilities were investigated and compared by using a finite element tool. The clinical observational study was also performed to verify the results of the finite element analysis. The nonlinear contact analysis was performed on 5 different fixation configurations capturing nail and plate in immediate post-surgery.ResultsThe finite element analysis results showed that flexibility instead of rigidity in interlock nail implantation increases the axial and shear micromotion near the fracture site by 47.4% (P < 0.05) and 12.4% (P < 0.05), respectively. For LCDCP implantation, the flexible fixation increases the axial and shear micromotion near fracture site by 75.7% (P < 0.05) and 25.3% (P < 0.05), respectively.Conclusion
Our findings suggest that flexible fixations of interlock nail and LCDCP provide a preferred mechanical environment for healing, and hence, the LCDCP in flexible mode can be an effective alternative to interlock nail for the femur diaphyseal fracture.
... Figure 1 shows BMD as a function of age for humans and rats. The BMD data for rats and humans were taken from [14] and [18]. The human life cycle includes early childhood (0-5 years), childhood (6-11 years), adolescence (12-18 years), youth (14-26 years), adulthood (27-59 years), and old age (60 years and over). ...
Nowadays, developing bone tissue grafts is the key to regenerative medicine. Different materials like hydroxyapatite (HAp) have been proven to guide bone regeneration. However, their design is still lacking since most do not consider the patient's requirements. HAps can be synthetic or natural, and their Ca/P ratio varies depending on the reagents for the synthesis and the biological sources. Usually, synthetic HAps are designed to have a 1.67 Ca/P ratio, but Ca/P and Mg/P ratios naturally change throughout life for different reasons, such as age, gender, lifestyle, genetics, physical activity, body weight, and diet, accompanied by changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC). Until now, there is not enough information about mammal bone changes based on these ratios, BMD, BMC at different life stages, and people's gender. To face this lack of knowledge, animal models such as rats can be used to identify requirements for proper bone grafting materials based on life stages since they consider the age range and gender. Findings indicate that BMD, BMC, Ca/P, and Mg/P change as a function of the age and gender of rats. Thus, it suggests that the grafts need a personalized development considering these parameters.
... The risk of acetabular fracture [9,50] and the prevalence of osteoporotic fracture [53] both increase considerably with age. According to our findings, the type of acetabular fracture changes by increasing reduction in the mechanical properties of bone. ...
Purpose
The incidence of acetabular fractures due to low-energy falls is increasing among the geriatric population. Studies have shown that several biomechanical factors such as body configuration, impact velocity, and trochanteric soft-tissue thickness contribute to the severity and type of acetabular fracture. The effect of reduction in apparent density and elastic modulus of bone as well as other bone mechanical properties due to osteoporosis on low-energy acetabular fractures has not been investigated.
Methods
The current comprehensive finite element study aimed to study the effect of reduction in bone mechanical properties (trabecular, cortical, and trabecular + cortical) on the risk and type of acetabular fracture. Also, the effect of reduction in the mechanical properties of bone on the load-transferring mechanism within the pelvic girdle was examined.
Results
We observed that while the reduction in the mechanical properties of trabecular bone considerably affects the severity and area of trabecular bone failure, reduction in mechanical properties of cortical bone moderately influences both cortical and trabecular bone failure. The results also indicated that by reducing bone mechanical properties, the type of acetabular fracture turns from elementary to associated, which requires a more extensive intervention and rehabilitation period. Finally, we observed that the cortical bone plays a substantial role in load transfer, and by increasing reduction in the mechanical properties of cortical bone, a greater share of load is transmitted toward the pubic symphysis.
Conclusion
This study increases our understanding of the effect of osteoporosis progression on the incidence of low-energy acetabular fractures. The osteoporosis-related reduction in the mechanical properties of cortical bone appears to affect both the cortical and trabecular bones. Also, during the extreme reduction in the mechanical properties of bone, the acetabular fracture type will be more complicated. Finally, during the final stages of osteoporosis (high reduction in mechanical properties of bone) a smaller share of impact load is transferred by impact-side hemipelvis to the sacrum, therefore, an osteoporotic pelvis might mitigate the risk of sacral fracture.
