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![Body weight, waist circumference and fat mass at baseline (N=113) and their changes in assessments after 12 and 24 months versus baseline and net differences of the changes between the lifestyle (LIFE) and reference (REF) group. [SD=standard deviation; N=number of participants; 95% CI=95% confidence interval]](profile/Jatta-Puhkala/publication/266951583/figure/tbl1/AS:392255966859273@1470532518985/Body-weight-waist-circumference-and-fat-mass-at-baseline-N113-and-their-changes-in.png)
Body weight, waist circumference and fat mass at baseline (N=113) and their changes in assessments after 12 and 24 months versus baseline and net differences of the changes between the lifestyle (LIFE) and reference (REF) group. [SD=standard deviation; N=number of participants; 95% CI=95% confidence interval]
Source publication
Objectives:
We conducted a randomized trial among overweight long-distance drivers to study the effects of structured lifestyle counseling on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Methods:
Men with waist circumference >100 cm were randomized into a lifestyle counseling (LIFE, N=55) and a reference (REF, N=58) group. The LIFE group partic...
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Background
Sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have proven to be effective in improving glycemic control and lowering body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the efficacy and safety on weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity but not diabetes remain unclear. In this article, we aimed to identify the eff...
Citations
... Consequently, truckers emerge as a vulnerable occupational group in urgent need of attention. [10][11][12][13][14][15] Correction of even low refractive errors in truckers can help minimize adverse events. 16 Yet, there exists a notable lack of awareness among drivers regarding the importance of eye care screening and rehabilitative services. ...
Background: Visual impairment presents a significant public health concern globally, with a notable impact on individuals' quality of life. Despite efforts to address this issue, unmet eye health needs persist, particularly in vulnerable populations such as truck drivers in low and middle-income countries like India. The RAAHI (National truckers eye health programme) initiative aims to fill this gap by providing essential eye care services in India.
Methods: This research manuscript delves into the journey of the RAAHI programme from 2017 to 2022, assessing its achievements, challenges, and lessons learned. A mixed-methods approach involving a secondary review of literature, programme records, and stakeholder interactions was employed. Quantitative analysis of beneficiary demographics and service utilization trends was complemented by qualitative insights from beneficiary feedback and stakeholder interviews.
Results: RAAHI demonstrated a significant presence across 54 locations, screening over 540,000 beneficiaries between 2018 and June 2022. The programme primarily targeted truck drivers, addressing their unmet eye health needs and raising awareness about prevalent health conditions. Beneficiary feedback highlighted overall satisfaction with RAAHI services, emphasizing the programme's structured approach and immediate access to quality spectacles. Furthermore, qualitative analysis suggests RAAHI's success enriching the programme's effectiveness and client-centric approach.
Conclusions: These findings offer valuable insights into addressing visual impairment among vulnerable populations and advocating for the integration of eye care into public health initiatives. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of sustained efforts and collaborative partnerships in ensuring the success and scalability of programmes like RAAHI.
... First, the Asian population typically exhibits lower BMI and initial body weight than the Caucasian population. Second, our hospital-based lifestyle program consisted of only five sessions, whereas previous studies offered more intensive programs with approximately 12-16 sessions per year 21,25,26 . Our findings were compatible with a less intensive 1-year intervention program, which was a community-based translation of the Finnish DPS targeting those at high risk for type 2 diabetes in Athens, Greece 27 . ...
Intensive lifestyle interventions are effective in preventing T2DM, but evidence is lacking for high cardiometabolic individuals in hospital settings. We evaluated a hospital-based, diabetes prevention program integrating cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for individuals with prediabetes. This matched cohort assessed individuals with prediabetes receiving the prevention program, which were matched 1:1 with those receiving standard care. The year-long program included five in-person sessions and several online sessions covering prediabetes self-management, dietary and behavioral interventions. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression models estimated the 60-month T2DM incidence rate. Of 192 patients, 190 joined the prevention program, while 190 out of 10,260 individuals were in the standard-care group. Both groups had similar baseline characteristics (mean age 58.9 ± 10.2 years, FPG 102.3 ± 8.2 mg/dL, HbA1c 5.9 ± 0.3%, BMI 26.2 kg/m², metabolic syndrome 75%, and ASCVD 6.3%). After 12 months, the intervention group only showed significant decreases in FPG, HbA1c, and triglyceride levels and weight. At 60 months, the T2DM incidence rate was 1.7 (95% CI 0.9–2.8) in the intervention group and 3.5 (2.4–4.9) in the standard-care group. After adjusting for variables, the intervention group had a 0.46 times lower risk of developing diabetes. Therefore, healthcare providers should actively promote CBT-integrated, hospital-based diabetes prevention programs to halve diabetes progression.
... Of 1063 records, a total of 26 RCTs (Greaves et al. 2015;Lin et al. 2015;Weinhold et al. 2015;Oh et al. 2008;Alghamdi 2017;Blackford et al. 2016;Fernández-Ruiz et al. 2018;Bo et al. 2007;Duijzer et al. 2017;Christensen et al. 2011;Kandula et al. 2015;Thiabpho et al. 2018;Cai et al. 2019;Nanri et al. 2012;Maruyama et al. 2010;Share et al. 2015;Moss et al. 2014;Puhkala et al. 2015;Anderson et al. 2021;Röhling et al. 2020;Salas-Salvadó et al. 2019;Pablos et al. 2017;Lopes et al. 2022;Lugones-Sanchez et al. 2022;Muilwijk et al. 2021;Ross et al. 2022) were included, with a total of 12,100 participants, published between 2007 and 2022, 22 of them after 2011 ( Fig. 1). We also provided a list of studies that might appear to meet the inclusion criteria but were excluded, with the main reason for their exclusion (Table S2). ...
... Each study applied different inclusion criteria concerning the BMI. Four studies included only women (Oh et al. 2008;Share et al. 2015;Christensen et al. 2011;Thiabpho et al. 2018), whereas three studies enrolled only men (Nanri et al. 2012;Maruyama et al. 2010;Puhkala et al. 2015). The length of the follow-up ranged from 1 to 24 months (mean of 13 months). ...
... The setting contexts where the studies were conducted were diverse, including primary care health centre (Greaves et al. 2015 (Christensen et al. 2011;Maruyama et al. 2010;Nanri et al. 2012), household (Blackford et al. 2016), churches where the study population congregated (Lin et al. 2015), and one study (Puhkala et al. 2015) where the intervention counsellor travelled to the participants, who were truck drivers. ...
Background
Motivating patients to take part in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is challenging. Patient and public involvement (PPI), recommended for reporting since 2011, may potentially improve the recruitment and retention of participants in research.
Aim
In this systematic review we aimed to identify the extent of PPI reported in RCTs of lifestyle interventions amongst adults and its impact on enrolment and retention rates.
Methods
After prospective registration in PROSPERO (CRD42022359833), we searched the MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to December 2022. We included RCTs with dietary interventions, with or without physical activity, and with or without behavioural support, among adults with overweight, obesity, or metabolic syndrome. Data extraction and study quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers.
Results
Of 1063 records, 26 RCTs (12,100 participants) were included. Among these, 22 were published after 2011. Of the total, 17 (65%) RCTs mentioned PPI directly (two studies) or indirectly. The methodological quality was high in 13 studies (50%), with no significant differences in PPI (p-value = 0.3187). The enrolment rate was no different but the median retention rate was high among RCTs with PPI (0.90; 95% CI 0.86–0.95) compared to those without (0.83; 95% CI 0.70–0.87) (p-value = 0.0426).
Conclusion
PPI improved the retention of participants in RCTs with lifestyle interventions. However, its impact on enrolment was not clear. Overall, PPI should be encouraged in the RCT research process.
... Semi-structured questions for drivers [Additional File 1] were developed in consultation with the investigator team, current literature, previous findings from the Driving Health project and known research gaps [31][32][33][34]. In line with qualitative methodology, the interview questions were adapted throughout the interviews to explore arising concepts of importance [35]. ...
Introduction
Truck driving is one of the most common male occupations worldwide. Drivers endure long working hours, isolation, separation from family, compromised sleep, and face rigid regulatory requirements. Studies have documented the work factors contributing to poor health outcomes, however these have not been explored in the Australian context. The aim of this grounded theory study was to explore the impact of work and coping factors on mental health of Australian truck drivers from their perspective.
Methods
Recruitment used a purposive snowball sampling, through social media campaigns and direct email invites. Interview data were collected via phone/teleconference, audio recorded and typed verbatim. Inductive coding and thematic analysis were completed with triangulation of themes.
Results
Seventeen interviews were completed (94% male). Six themes arose, two supporting (Connections; Coping methods), and four disrupting mental health (Compromised supports; Unrealistic demands; Financial pressures; Lack of respect). Drivers had concerns regarding the many things beyond their control and the interactions of themes impacting their health even further.
Conclusion
This study explored the impact of work and coping factors affecting truck driver mental health in Australia. Themes described the importance of connections and coping methods drivers had to support their health. Many factors that compromised their health were often outside their control. These results highlight the need for a multi-faceted collaboration between stakeholders; the driver, employing companies, policy makers/regulators and the public to address the negative impact of truck driving on mental health.
... Several weight-loss interventions have previously been conducted on truck drivers [39]. However, before the SHIFT cluster RCT, just two RCTs had been undertaken [5,40] with only one non-RCT demonstrating long-term effectiveness for reducing body weight [41]. One of the RCTs showed similar weight loss outcomes to the present study (−3.31 kg weight reduction at 6-months) [5]. ...
Physical inactivity and obesity are widely prevalent in Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) drivers. We analysed whether obesity classification influenced the effectiveness of a bespoke structured lifestyle intervention (‘SHIFT’) for HGV drivers. The SHIFT programme was evaluated within a cluster randomised controlled trial, across 25 transport depots in the UK. After baseline assessments, participants within intervention sites received a 6-month multi-component health behaviour change intervention. Intervention responses (verses control) were stratified by obesity status (BMI < 30 kg/m2, n = 131; BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n = 113) and compared using generalised estimating equations. At 6-months, favourable differences were found in daily steps (adjusted mean difference 1827 steps/day, p < 0.001) and sedentary time (adjusted mean difference -57 min/day, p < 0.001) in drivers with obesity undertaking the intervention, relative to controls with obesity. Similarly, in drivers with obesity, the intervention reduced body weight (adjusted mean difference -2.37 kg, p = 0.002) and led to other favourable anthropometric outcomes, verses controls with obesity. Intervention effects were absent for drivers without obesity, and for all drivers at 16–18-months follow-up. Obesity classification influenced HGV drivers’ behavioural responses to a multi-component health-behaviour change intervention. Therefore, the most at-risk commercial drivers appear receptive to a health promotion programme.
... Puhkala J, et al. (17) Estudiar los efectos del asesoramiento individual sobre estilo de vida durante 12 meses sobre la reducción de peso y la prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos entre conductores de camiones y autobuses con obesidad abdominal. ...
... (13) Sumado a lo anterior, posterior a 12 meses de asesoramiento realizado a conductores profesionales, se evidenció una reducción de peso y disminución de factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos significativos. (17) Por otro lado, se ha descrito que una entrevista motivacional a corto plazo puede ser eficaz cuando se implementa como estándar clínico para los conductores profesionales. (19) Se ha recomendado considerar aquellos enfoques o formatos que requieren menor habilidades de alfabetización en salud, (21) como también un enfoque individual. ...
Abstract:Introduction: Workers engaged in the driving field are exposed to factors that hinder their work tasks, such as: problems associated with temperature, noise and vibrations, insufficient and inefficient ventilation, traffic jams and interpersonal relationships with passengers. Objective: To identify, in the available state of the art, which interventions promote the health of professional drivers. Method: Systematic review, following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), guided by the question: what interventions promote the health of professional drivers? Results: The search yielded 1303 articles, of which 11 were included; the interventions identified were associated with handheld devices and mobile health messaging, motivational interviewing, interactive documents, exposure to natural environments, intensive programs, counseling, policy-level changes, environmental and systems changes. Conclusion: Interventions were identified that included technology, interviews, the environmentand strategic control; the implementation of the identified interventions is recommended, since it is urgent to address the health of professional drivers, considering the characteristics described in this study.
Keywords:work; health promotion; automobile driving.
... Puhkala J, et al. (17) Estudiar los efectos del asesoramiento individual sobre estilo de vida durante 12 meses sobre la reducción de peso y la prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos entre conductores de camiones y autobuses con obesidad abdominal. ...
... (13) Sumado a lo anterior, posterior a 12 meses de asesoramiento realizado a conductores profesionales, se evidenció una reducción de peso y disminución de factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos significativos. (17) Por otro lado, se ha descrito que una entrevista motivacional a corto plazo puede ser eficaz cuando se implementa como estándar clínico para los conductores profesionales. (19) Se ha recomendado considerar aquellos enfoques o formatos que requieren menor habilidades de alfabetización en salud, (21) como también un enfoque individual. ...
Introduction: Workers engaged in the driving field are exposed to factors that hinder their work tasks, such as: problems associated with temperature, noise and vibrations, insufficient and inefficient ventilation, traffic jams and interpersonal relationships with passengers. Objective: To identify, in the available state of the art, which interventions promote the health of professional drivers. Method: Systematic review, following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), guided by the question: what interventions promote the health of professional drivers? Results: The search yielded 1303 articles, of which 11 were included; the interventions identified were associated with handheld devices and mobile health messaging, motivational interviewing, interactive documents, exposure to natural environments, intensive programs, counseling, policy-level changes, environmental and systems changes. Conclusion: Interventions were identified that included technology, interviews, the environmentand strategic control; the implementation of the identified interventions is recommended, since it is urgent to address the health of professional drivers, considering the characteristics described in this study.
... Considering the dynamic environment of the road, impaired visual ability makes driving challenging and elevates the risk of traffic crashes. Hence, truckers qualify as a vulnerable occupational group needing urgent attention (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Correction of even low refractive errors in truckers can help minimize adverse events (6,16). ...
... A handful of more effective body weight management interventions developed for commercial truck drivers suggest that tactics such as health coaching, self-monitoring, social accountability, training, and online challenges with incentives may be accepted and effective approaches. [30][31][32] These interventions produced mean within-or between-group weight loss effects ranging from −3.18 to −3.86 kg (the intervention reported by Thiese et al 32 produced a median decrease of 3.2 kg). The current project represents a research extension of the Olson et al 30 project. ...
Objective:
To test the feasibility and efficacy of an enhanced onboarding intervention to prevent weight gain and support the early job success of new bus operators.
Methods:
Control participants (n = 9) completed usual practice new employee training and onboarding. Intervention participants (n = 14) completed five supplemental trainings and four online challenges during their first year. Primary outcomes were body weight, dietary behaviors, physical activity, and sleep duration/quality. Early job success was measured with job-related socialization adjustment factors.
Results:
The difference between intervention and control participants in body weight change at 12 months tenure was -6.71 lb (Cohen's d = -1.35). Differences in health behavior changes were mixed, but socialization adjustment changes favored the intervention group.
Conclusions:
Results support the feasibility of enhanced onboarding for bus operators to prevent worsening health while simultaneously advancing their success as new employees.
... Obesity was formerly thought to be caused solely by an imbalance in energy intake and expenditure, but current research has demonstrated that genetic, physiological, psychological, socioeconomic, cultural, and behavioral variables all play a role [5,7,11]. Obese people can lose weight effectively by combining a restricted diet with lower calorie consumption, physical activity, and enough sleep [12]. Numerous studies have indicated that dietary, lifestyle, physical activity, and behavioral modifications can assist weight reduction [3,7]. ...
