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A new ultrahigh frequency radio frequency identification (UHF RFID) reader's front-end circuit which is based on zero-IF, single antenna structure and composed of discrete components has been designed. The proposed design brings a significant improvement of the reading performance by adopting a carrier leakage suppression (CLS) circuit instead of a...
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Citations
... Among them, some circuit structures [6,7] have been proposed to realize self-jamming signal suppression. Other works with only the SJC circuit are also proposed in [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. In [8,9], impedance tuning circuits are added to the free port of the directional coupler, and cancellation is achieved by terminating the isolated port with a proper (reflective) impedance. ...
... Cancellation technologies using the replica of the transmitting carrier have been mentioned in [11][12][13]. They use an amplifier or attenuator to control the amplitude of the replica signal and use a phase shifter to control the phase [11,12]. ...
... Cancellation technologies using the replica of the transmitting carrier have been mentioned in [11][12][13]. They use an amplifier or attenuator to control the amplitude of the replica signal and use a phase shifter to control the phase [11,12]. However, the active circuits will produce thermal and phase noise in the SJC circuit, making the cancellation algorithm hard to converge. ...
This paper presents a fully integrated passive self-jamming cancellation (SJC) circuit in 0.18 µmComplementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology for ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) applications. Based on the active amplitude and phase control, a novel passive variable capacitor array and signal combiner are adopted instead of a traditional variable amplifier/attenuator and a phase shifter to reduce the circuit complexity and thus achieve higher linearity and low noise. We use an improved cancellation algorithm based on the local search method to quickly and accurately find the cancellation point that minimizes the self-jamming signal power. The simulation and measurement results are constant, and a suppression of 38 dB can be achieved in the working frequency of 860–960 MHz. The cancellation algorithm can be finished within 0.5 ms. These results indicate that the designed SJC circuit can be a promising candidate for UHF RFID applications.
... Lasser et al. used the broadband carrier leakage suppression circuit composed by analogue transversal filter in the RFID system, and the isolation of Tx-Rx achieved 52 dB in the 35 MHz frequency band by using two receivers [11]. You et al. adopted the power detector to track the variation of the power and phase of leakage carrier at real time in receiver and used the microprocessor to cancel the leakage carrier in RF front-end [12], in which the isolation was improved 52 dB in the 20 MHz frequency band, and the reading distance was improved to be 4.95 m with the complex microprocessor. Jung et al. proposed a reconfigurable carrier leakage canceller which isolation achieved 65 dB, the sensitivity increased 11 dB and the reading distance improved 30% [13]. ...
... Traditionally, the microprocessor and the RSSI circuit are needed to control the leakage carrier cancellation circuit in real time [12]. To improve its performance and cut down its cost, the carrier extraction solution to cancel the leaking carrier in the receiver is proposed here based on the above designed RRC, as shown in Fig. 9. ...
A novel high‐isolation leakage carrier cancellation system, which is highly required in the ultra‐high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) reader circuit, is presented here. First, a novel deformed microstrip rat‐race circuit (RRC) is designed to take the place of traditional circulator. The microstrip device is integrated in the leakage carrier extraction circuit, which is connected in the receiver and balanced by the open‐loop circuit. One of the advantages of the delicately designed system is that no need of real‐time tracking to balance the variations of the amplitude and the phase of the leakage carrier. Results demonstrate that the leakage carrier with the leakage carrier extraction cancellation circuit (CECC) is improved to be 108 dB in UHF RFID narrow bands from 920 to 925 MHz and to be 117 dB at the centre frequency point. The Tx‐to‐Rx isolation is improved to be 48–70 dB higher than that of other cancellation circuits. The proposed leakage carrier cancellation system shows obvious improvement on the efficiency of the isolation. Both the experiment and simulation demonstrate the merits of properties of the novel designed system with the benefits of improved isolation and lower cost.
... In the configuration of Figure 3(a), a coupler is used to pick up a sample of the transmit signal that is properly shaped and then added to the received signal. The amplitude and phase of the canceller signal can be controlled using a variable amplifier/attenuator and a phase shifter, respectively [7]. Alternatively, amplitude and phase can be controlled using the vector-modulation technique, the S LO (t ) = cos( t ) 0°9 0°G oals: ...
... The received signal at port 4 is given by (6). Assuming an ideal reciprocal and symmetrical coupler, transmission coefficients T = S 21 = S 12 = S 34 = S 43 , coupling C = S 42 = S 31 , and isolation I = S 41 = S 32 = 0, then (6) can be written as (7). Finally, if the return loss presented to port 3 is symmetrical to the antenna return loss (C L = -C A ), then the received signal is free of leakage and contains only the desired signal (8): ...
... To independently control the amplitude and phase of the canceller signal, two independently controllable variables or control parameters are required. In Figure 3(a), the control parameters are the amplitude and phase of the canceller signal [7], [12]. The control is achieved directly using an attenuator and a phase shifter. ...
Passive RF identification (RFID) readers transmit a continuous wave (CW) powering signal to remotely power up batteryless transponders, while simultaneously receiving a backscattered signal at the same frequency [1]. To separate the transmitter and receiver paths, readers use either a bistatic or monostatic antenna configuration. The first configuration employs two separate antennas, one to transmit and one to receive; in the second, the transmitter and receiver share a common antenna by means of a coupler or circulator. Both cases, however, suffer from poor transmitter-to-receiver isolation: strong CW signals can leak into the receiver, degrading its sensitivity to the weak transponder backscattered signals. Receiver sensitivity degradation occurs due to the leaked local oscillator (LO) phase noise [1] and also to the saturation of the front end caused by strong CW leakage. This requires high-dynamic-range capability in the RF stage [the low-noise amplifier (LNA) and mixer] as well as in the baseband stage [the amplifiers and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs)].
... To improve such reading distance, two parameters were subsequently considered. First, a better isolation between RX and TX can be achieved by suppressing the noise through a dephasing technique [31]. Such technique is detailed in Fig. 12. ...
Wireless and fully energetically passive corrosion sensors inspired from the chipless Radio-Frequency IDentification (RFID) technology are presented for the monitoring of degradation of infrastructures located in coastal zones and underwater environments. The device consists of a reader and a remote passive sensor. This study presents two radio-frequency (RF) corrosion-sensitive resonators that can be integrated in such a device. The first is sensitive to a loss of metal due to its degradation, and the second is sensitive to the corrosion potential of metals, with respect to a reference electrode. The RF characterization of these two resonators demonstrates unambiguously the sensitivity of the method to corrosion of metal, passivation of steel as well as degradation of organic coatings. Then, their integration in a demonstrator including antennas is considered. The main parameters that influence the RF wave propagation and thus the reading distance are discussed. Following the presented results, the proposed method is considered as a reliable and versatile tool which should be able to be deployed in immersed, tidal, and splash zones, for example, for offshore facilities monitoring.
... The emitted and received signals are separated by a directional coupler. A compensation block is implementedto attenuate and phase shiftthesignal in order to reduce, atthe reception, the isolationsdefects [6]. ...
... Considering EPC Class 1 protocol, tags respond to the reader by retro-modulation sending the encode form signal shown in Figure 2.Two transitions are observed for a binary zero and four transitions are observed for a binary one during one elementarycell. The data rate of the returnedsignal is 140.35 kbps (in North America) and 30 kbps (in Europe) [6]. ...
This paper presents the simulation of a UHF RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) system for passive tags, using Advanced Design System software from Agilent Company. Temporal measurements based on a commercial RFID reader are achieved which permit to analyze and to validate the principles of communication between the reader and the tag. Also a test bench is developed to evaluate the effects of high temperature on the reliability of passive UHF RFID tags. The obtained test results show that the thermal storage has a marked effect on the performances of the RFID tags.
... To improve the reading distance, two parameters were subsequently considered. First, a better isolation between RX and TX can be achieved by suppressing the noise through a dephasing technique [31]. Such a technique is detailed in Fig. 12. ...
Wireless and fully energetically passive corrosion sensors are presented for the monitoring of degradation of infrastructures located in coastal zones and marine environments. Their application concerns thus marine offshore, wind energy industry as well as harbor maintenance procedures. Several sensitive parts and architectures will be presented at the conferences. In this paper, an example of such sensor is provided.
... In order to increase the distance d2 at 0.8 GHz, and to improve the isolation at 2.2 GHz, there are some solutions like adding to the received signal from the RX antenna a modified transmit signal with attenuator a phase shifter to cancel the received signal [7]. ...
A wireless and fully energetically passive corrosion sensor is presented. The sensitive part of the sensor consists of a microstrip multiresonator produced in the same metal as the mechanical structure under monitoring. This part is connected to two monopole antenas which allow to investigate the device over a wide range of frequency and to isolate the RX and TX signals due to their cross polarisation. After presenting electromagnetic propagation characterisation of these two parts, a demonstrator is proposed in this paper.
In this paper, we propose a fast self-jamming cancellation (SJC) architecture for Ultra High Frequency (UHF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) interrogators. The core SJC architecture includes a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) as the RFID baseband processor, a radio frequency (RF) agile transceiver which has two transmitting ports as the RF front-end, and a combiner. By detecting the amplitude and phase of the interference carrier, the SJC algorithm transmits a suppression carrier through the second transmitting port of the agile RF transceiver. The suppression carrier could effectively suppress the self-jamming carrier without designing complex circuits. Our test results showed the isolation between the transmitting and receiving port achieves 100dB at UHF band, and the cancellation processes can be finished within 0.4ms.
In this paper, we introduce an ultra-high frequency radio frequency identification (UHF-RFID) mobile robot platform that is capable of performing fully autonomous inventory taking and stocktaking by providing three-dimensional (3D) product maps and thus making possible the concept of a smart warehouse. The proposed novel hardware architecture consists of an eight-channel UHF-RFID-listener for parallel signal phase recovery, including two different carrier leakage suppression circuits and a correlation decoder for each channel for the tag signal, which can handle a backscatter link frequency (BLF) deviation of up to 22% to decode the tag data. The system also uses eight parallel channels for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) localization. For the system evaluation we labeled clothes stored in a warehouse with tags and generated their product map. The proposed localization algorithm is based on a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) MIMO approach that needs exact knowledge of the antenna positions and, therefore, of the driven trajectory. This position is provided by the robot, which takes advantage of a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm, determining the position with 1 cm accuracy while generating two-dimensional (2D) maps of the surroundings. We placed ten tags at known positions to assess the system’s performance and were able to locate these tags within a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.45 cm in 3D.
