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Block diagram for the electronic equalizer Optical fiber communication systems are affected by the effect of chromatic dispersion of the fibers used. Dispersion in the optical link makes it difficult to decode the received signal as the bit symbols get broadened and distorted. Dispersion compensation is generally done before the photo detection, in the optical domain. But, there are other techniques of electronic dispersion compensation that use electronics for that purpose.
Source publication
Chromatic Dispersion (CD) is a very important factor in the transmission of data over a long distance. To overcome the loss caused by CD, we can use many techniques. In this paper we propose to do the same by using Electronic Equalization technique. It also helps to eliminate ISI at the receiver end by proper thresholding, the transmitted bit seque...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... compensation with electronic equalizer: In this method we use band pass filter after photo detector. Also an electrical limiter is added exactly before our electronic equalizer as can be seen in Fig. 1. In our experiment we utilized FFE method, because it is a simple and consume power ...
Citations
... This allows the photonic radar to make the most of the available bandwidth, increasing its range and sensitivity. In addition to improving safety and efficiency, electronic equalization can also reduce costs and improve scalability in photonic radar for AV's (Venugopal et al. 2013). Traditional radar and LiDAR systems typically rely on complex and expensive hardware to achieve high accuracy and resolution. ...
Detecting and tracking multiple targets in real-time poses a significant challenge for autonomous vehicles (AV’s), especially in urban areas with unfavourable weather conditions. Photonic radars have emerged as a promising technology for addressing this challenge and enabling autonomous vehicles to recognize traffic patterns, navigate, detect lanes, and park themselves. For this investigation, we developed a photonic radar system based on direct detection configuration that uses frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) and three different transmission channels. These channels are multiplexed and transmitted through a single free space channel using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) to detect multiple stationary targets. To combat the effects of atmospheric attenuation, we utilized electronic equalization as a mitigation technique. We evaluated the performance of our proposed photonic radar system with and without equalization in unfavourable climatic disorders such as rain and fog. Our results, which measured received power and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), demonstrate that the received power increases by up to 54% with electronic equalization, and all targets are successfully detected even in the presence of heavy attenuation of 75 dB/km, up to a range of 500 m.
... Now, IEEE (NGE-PON) and FSAN/ITU-T (25G-PON) are working on technologies in order to define high data bit rate optical access solutions based on 25 Gbit/s. In such context, systems based on an NRZ modulation format coupled to electrical equalization techniques and signal processing have been proposed[7,8]. More efficient modulation formats such as duo-binary modulation[9,10]and Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM-4)[10,11]are also considered. ...
