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Brushless DC Motor is a three phase permanent magnet motor that requires DC voltage as its supply. This kind of motor is widely used in electric vehicles due to high efficiency and high torque. Unfortunately, speed control method of brushless DC motor is still quite difficult if applied to electric vehicle. Electric vehicle that uses brushless DC m...
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... block diagram speed control of brushless DC motor is shown in Fig. 2. There are two loops that used in the block diagram. The first loop is used for six step inverter commutation and the second loop is used for speed control of brushless DC motor. Hall Effect sensor on the brushless DC motor has two functions, as position sensor and speed sensor. The Hall Effect sensor algorithm when detecting the rotor ...
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... The ANFIS controllers are designed to estimate the speed of the BLDC motor through the outer loop, and the inverter is employed in the inner loop. The speed regulation equations of the BLDCM can be written as (10), and the flux produced in the BLDC motor can be expressed as (11). ...
The development of autonomous drones equipped with cameras and various sensors has paved the way for their application in agriculture and perimeter security. These aerial drones require specific power, acceleration, high torque, and efficiency to meet the demands of agricultural tasks, utilizing built-in brushless DC (BLDC) motors. However, a common challenge drone’s face is maintaining the desired speed for extended periods. Enhancing the performance of BLDC motors through advanced controllers is crucial to address this issue. This research paper proposes optimizing the size and speed of brushless DC motors for aerial vehicles using an adaptive fuzzy inference system and supervised learning techniques. When these drones carry loads, the BLDC motors must dynamically adjust the drone's speed. During this phase, the motors must control their speed and torque using artificial intelligence controllers like adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) to enhance the drone's functionality, resilience, and safety. This research has conducted analyses focused on improving the performance of BLDC motors explicitly personalized for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAVs). The proposed method will be implemented using MATLAB/Simulink, expecting to significantly enhance the BLDC motor's performance compared to conventional controllers. Comparative analyses will be conducted between traditional and ANFIS controllers to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
... In addition to PID and the FOPID [5,6], there are other types of controller used for DC-MSCS in literature. For example; In reference [10]; a PID-Fuzzy logic controller is proposed for brushless DC motor in dynamic electric vehicle to enhance steady-state success, in reference [11]; cost-effective speed control of a DC motor is studied through fuzzy logic controller (FLC), in [12]; a comparison study is available between PID and artificial neural network (ANN) controller and in reference [13]; a sliding mode controller (SMC) is used for DC-MSCS. These are some controller types applied for properly tuning of controller parameters is an important issue in order to acquire the best controller performance. ...
In this article, Pathfinder-Derivative filtered proportional-integral-derivative controller (PF-PIDF) is proposed as the optimum algorithm and controller for DC motor speed control. The Pathfinder algorithm is inspired by the collective behavior of the animal colony and imitates the leadership hierarchy of the herds in order to determine the best meal or hunting ground. The movement of all particles is not regular, they all move randomly. In order to acquire the best parameters of the derivative filtered PID controller (PIDF) controller with the Pathfinder algorithm, the objective function ITAE (Integral of the Time Multiple Absolute Error), one of the commonly used objective functions in the literature, was used. Time solution set analysis, frequency response analysis (bode), robustness analysis, pole-zero map analysis and load disturbance rejection analysis were performed in MATLAB/Simulink software to make comparisons between algorithms and controllers and to testify the sufficiency of the proposed controller. As a result of the studies, it has been seen that the with PIDF Pathfinder algorithm has better performance than the other optimization algorithms in the article.
... Optimization is a process to get a lower or better value or cost from the application of a method compared to other methods [4]. Optimization has penetrated into various disciplines such as engineering, science, business and economics. ...
... Exploration: Crocodiles have two mechanisms in hunting, namely hunting coordination ( ≤ 3 4 > 2 4 ) and cooperation ( ≤ > 3 4 ). This mechanism makes it easier for crocodiles to approach prey. ...
... Exploration: Crocodiles have two mechanisms in hunting, namely hunting coordination ( ≤ 3 4 > 2 4 ) and cooperation ( ≤ > 3 4 ). This mechanism makes it easier for crocodiles to approach prey. ...
This paper presents the reptile search algorithm (RSA) method to optimize the proportional integral derivative (PID) parameters on direct current (DC) motors. RSA was adopted from crocodile hunting behavior. Crocodile behavior is modeled in two important steps: surrounding and attacking prey. The RSA method was applied using twenty-three classical test functions. The search method of the proposed RSA method with other existing algorithms such as particle swarm optimization (PSO), and differential evolution (DE). Integral multiplied by absolute error (ITAE) and integral of time multiplied squared error (ITSE) were used as comparisons in measuring the performance of the RSA method. The results show that the proposed method, namely RSA, has better efficiency. Optimization of PID parameters with RSA on DC motor control shows superior performance. From the experiment, the ITSE average value of the RSA method is 4.17% better than the conventional PID method. Keywords: Artificial intelligence Direct current motor Metaheuristic Proportional integral derivative Reptile search algorithm This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.
... The BLDC motor can solve the issue of electrical erosion and mechanical friction. Hall sensors are used to determine the motor's position [8]. To achieve a smooth speed operation and torque with a low ripple content, the motor must be controlled]. ...
Due to its key advantages of top performance, strong torque, and simple volume, brushless direct current (BLDC) motors are now extensively employed in a variety of industrial sectors, including the automotive industry, robotics, and electrical vehicles. Yet, in some circumstances, it can be challenging to use speed control techniques for specific devices. The major goal of this work is to use a proportional integral derivative (PID) converter to regulate the speed characteristics of BLDC. PID converter is preferred over all other converters because of its straightforward design and straightforward implementation. Using MATLAB simulation results are verified at different reference speed changing conditions, the motor input current and back electromotive force (EMF) values are verified. The speed and torque characteristics are verified during steady and transient state conduction.
... Transportation is the principle segment that produces human wellbeing and air contamination, which is poisonous to the reasons for an unnatural weather change. Air contamination can be limited by utilizing sustainable power sources and propelled electric engines for inside ignition motor transportation [19]. Accurate analysis of vehicle performance is required, including dynamic models of many components such as its electric motor, its battery, and its motor controller [20]. ...
In recent years, electric vehicles are the large-scale spread of the transportation field has led to the emergence of brushless direct current (DC) motors (BLDCM), which are mostly utilized in electrical vehicle systems. The speed control of a BLDCM is a subsystem, consisting of torque, flux hysteresis comparators, and appropriate switching logic of an inverter. Due to the sudden load torque variation and improper switching pulse, the speed of the BLDCM is not maintained properly. In recent research, the BLDC current control method gives a better way to control the speed of the motor. Also, the rotor position information should be the need for feedback control of the power electronic converters to varying the appropriate pulse width modulation (PWM) of the inverter. The proposed optimization work controls the switching device to manage the power supply BLDCM. In this proposed self-ameliorate soft switching (SASS) system is a simple and effective way for BLDC motor current control technology, a proposed control strategy is intended to stabilize the speed of the BLDCM at different load torque conditions. The proposed SASS system method is analyzing hall-based sensor values continuously. The suggested model is simulated using the MATLAB Simulink tool, and the results reveal that the maximum steady-state error value achieved is 4.2, as well as a speedy recovery of the BLDCM's speed.
... Also, as can be seen from equation (10), the design parameters of the PID controller are specified with the expressions of proportional gain (Kp), integral gain (Ki) and derivative gain (Kd). PID control has the characteristics of increasing the rise time, reducing the steady-state error, and reducing oscillations [26]. PID control structure was designed by assuming the derivative term gain as zero in the above equation. ...
... Pengontrolan kecepatan BLDC tidak maksimal pada kendaraan listrik dengan sistem beban dinamis [3]. Karena beban dinamis harus memperhatikan set point sebagai referensi kecepatan dan efisiensi tinggi [4]. Efisiensi tinggi motor BLDC dipengaruhi oleh torsi awal untuk menggerakan beban. ...
Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are widely used and applied in industry but it is difficult to control BLDC motors. Basically, a Brusless DC (BLDC) motor or also known as a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) uses a hall sensor to determine the position and speed of the motor. The data on the value of the BLDC rotor speed (rpm) in the basic modeling of the BLDC motor as input from the sliding mode observer (SMO) method which is set in the BLDC rotor speed (rpm) set point. A sensorless method based on SMO is proposed to replace the hall-sensor device for estimating the rotor position and speed of BLDC motors. This study compares the value between the rotor speed (rpm) of BLDC without control and the rotor speed (rpm) of BLDC with control. PI control is one that determines the rotor speed efficiency of the BLDC. The most optimal value of Rotor Rotation Efficiency (rpm) using PI Control is at the rotor rotation speed of 2000 rpm and 2500 rpm or 100%. The value of Rotor Rotation efficiency (rpm) is greater, namely 100% or 2000 rpm from the 2000 rpm rotation speed set point for BLDC motor modeling using PI control when compared to BLDC motor modeling without PI control, namely 91.65% or 1833 rmp value from set point rotation speed 2500 rpm.
... BLDC motors are the choice because they have advantages over DC motors. The advantages offer low maintenance, high dynamic response, high torque, and longer operating life [3]. BLDC motors are also widely used in industrial applications [4]. ...
... A common problem that is often found in the design of fuzzy controllers is the uncertainty of determining the operating range of each MFs [3], [18]. This is due to the unclear theoretical basis regarding the determination of the right range. ...
... Therefore, this problem becomes a realm that only the researcher knows. The determination of the MF limits is usually done by trial and error [3], [17], [18], [19]. ...
... Figura 11 -circuito equivalente de um motor BLDC trifásico, (JAYA et al., 2017). ...
Neste trabalho são modeladas e simuladas duas técnicas de controle de atitude aplicadas a um satélite artificial com três graus de liberdade, bem como a dinâmica e cinemática do satélite e seus atuadores. O satélite considerado é equipado com três rodas de reação que, fazendo uso da conservação do momento angular, fazem o satélite rotacionar para atingir sua orientação desejada. O objetivo dos controladores é levar o satélite até sua atitude de referência a partir de um erro de apontamento inicial grande.
Verificou-se que ambos os métodos de controle de atitude implementados, SDRE e H Infinito, foram capazes de realizar manobras de controle de atitude de ângulos superiores a 75° e com velocidades angulares iniciais nulas e não nulas da ordem de 0.1 rad/s.
... Comprehension of the basic functional control could serve for future development to increase efficiency, for example by using a single control for the whole gain parameters. The schema of the Fuzzy-PID controller is shown in Fig. 2 [12]. In this study, the Ziegler-Nichols was considered as an alternative to widely-used trial-and-error method in determining the PID gain parameters, Kp, Ki and Kd. ...
