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Kidney transplantation (KT) is currently the elective approach for patients with end-stage renal disease. Although it is a safe choice for these patients, the early complications can lead to graft dysfunction. One of the most redoubtable complications is delayed graft function (DGF), having no specific treatment. The effects of DGF on the graft sur...
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Purpose
The association between sarcopenia of kidney transplant recipients and outcome after kidney transplantation (KT) has not yet been fully understood and is still considered controversial. The aim of our study was to analyze the impact of pre-transplant sarcopenia on graft function, postoperative complication rates, and survival of the patient...
Citations
... Its main antibacterial mechanism is the regulation of iron metabolism, but it may also influence chemotaxis, adhesion, and the migration of inflammatory cells. This suggests that NGAL may provide protection in AKI [40,55] and induce protective processes that support long-term recovery. We hypothesize that in the absence of donor chronic kidney disease and no signs of renal tubular damage in zero-time biopsies, a higher NGAL concentration also indicates a possible increase in renal reserve and graft function in the future. ...
With an increasing number of marginal donors, additional methods for the evaluation of cadaveric kidney quality are required. This study aimed to evaluate pretransplant deceased donor serum (s) and urine (u) biomarkers, including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), interleukin-18, and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) for predicting early and late graft function. In total, 43 deceased kidney donors and 76 corresponding recipients were enrolled. Delayed graft function (DGF) occurred in 27.6% of cases. sIL-18, sKIM-1, uNGAL, and uKIM-1 were predictors of DGF. A model incorporating sIL-18, uKIM-1, and clinical factors was developed to predict DGF (AUROC 0.863). Univariate analysis showed a negative association between uKIM and graft eGFR at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months, but this was not confirmed in the multivariate analysis. In conclusion, we report a superior performance of donor biomarkers for predicting DGF and later graft function over serum creatinine. Higher levels of donor sIL-18 and uKIM in conjunction with expanded-criteria donors and longer cold ischemia times predicted DGF. With no renal tubular damage in zero-time donor biopsies, higher pretransplant urine and serum NGAL levels were associated with better allograft function one year after transplantation, and sNGAL with graft function three years after transplantation.
... With early detection and prompt treatment, the prognosis for most cases of renal rejection is favorable, and the transplanted kidney can often be salvaged [40]. Additional markers include: urinary β2-microglobulin, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG), and L-FABP, which are markers of rejection in urine tests used in real clinical practice, with β2-microglobulin assessing proximal tubule injury [41], NAG serving as a sensitive marker of tubular injury [37], and L-FABP being a valuable biomarker for diagnosing acute kidney injury and predicting long-term graft outcomes in kidney-transplant patients [42]. Additionally, the researchers investigated other clinical markers that may be correlated with acute renal rejection, and their studies and findings will be highlighted below. ...
Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage renal failure, but the limited availability of donors and the risk of immune rejection pose significant challenges. Early detection of acute renal rejection is a critical step to increasing the lifespan of the transplanted kidney. Investigating the clinical, genetic, and histopathological markers correlated to acute renal rejection, as well as finding noninvasive markers for early detection, is urgently needed. It is also crucial to identify which markers are associated with different types of acute renal rejection to manage treatment effectively. This short review summarizes recent studies that investigated various markers, including genomics, histopathology, and clinical markers, to differentiate between different types of acute kidney rejection. Our review identifies the markers that can aid in the early detection of acute renal rejection, potentially leading to better treatment and prognosis for renal-transplant patients.
... The process and evolution of an organ transplant procedure has evolved in the prevention of immunological rejection with the improvement in the determination of immuneresponse genes, including more important genes, more polymorphism detection, more refinement of the response motifs, the analysis of epitopes and eplets, and PIRCHE (predict indirectly recognizable HLA epitopes). These advancements are capable of fixing complements and post-transplant monitoring with promising new biomarkers [1][2][3] and surpassing the classic serum markers, such as creatine and other similar parameters of organ function [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. ...
Citation: Jimenez-Coll, V.; Llorente, S.; Boix, F.; Alfaro, R.; Galián, J.A.; Martinez-Banaclocha, H.; Botella, C.; Moya-Quiles, M.R.; Muro-Pérez, M.; Minguela, A.; et al. Monitoring of Serological, Cellular and Genomic Biomarkers in Transplantation, Computational Prediction Models and Role of Cell-Free DNA in Transplant Outcome. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 3908. https://doi. Abstract: The process and evolution of an organ transplant procedure has evolved in terms of the prevention of immunological rejection with the improvement in the determination of immune response genes. These techniques include considering more important genes, more polymorphism detection, more refinement of the response motifs, as well as the analysis of epitopes and eplets, its capacity to fix complement, the PIRCHE algorithm and post-transplant monitoring with promising new biomarkers that surpass the classic serum markers such as creatine and other similar parameters of renal function. Among these new biomarkers, we analyze new serological, urine, cellular, genomic and transcriptomic biomarkers and computational prediction, with particular attention to the analysis of donor free circulating DNA as an optimal marker of kidney damage.
